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Legalitas Nikah SirrÃ® Ditinjau Dari Kaidah Fikih Muhammadi, Fauzan
De Jure: Jurnal Hukum dan Syari'ah Vol 9, No 1: Juni 2017
Publisher : Fakultas Syariah

Unrecorded marriage becomes legal issues in Indonesia after the government has obliged that marriage must be registered with the Registrar of Marriage Officers or the Office of Religious Affairs. The propnents of this marriage maintain that such marriage is considered valid and legal under Islamic law, although it is not admitted by the state law. The objective of this research is to discuss the legal problems of unrecorded marriage in Islamic law in the Indonesian context and to understand the changes of legal status of unrecorded marriage from the perspective of Islamic legal maxim. The methodology used in this research is descriptive-qualitative analysis. This study shows that according to the perspective of Islamic legal maxim, unrecorded marriage is not restricted but it may fall under the category of forbidden. It is because there are many deviations in a marriage when it is not registered. Thus, this could harm the family lived in the future.Pasca pemerintah mengeluarkan kebijakan untuk mewajibkan pencatatan nikah di hadapan Kantor Urusan Agama (KUA)/Petugas Pencatat Nikah (PPN), nikah SirrÃ® menjadi isu hukum yang hangat di Indonesia. Permasalahan ini muncul sebagai bagian dari pemahaman masyarakat bahwa pernikahan mereka dianggap valid dan sah secara agama (hukum Islam) namun â€˜illegalâ€™ secara hukum positif. Studi ini berusaha untuk mendiskusikan legalitas nikah sirrÃ® dalam hukum islam di Indonesia sekaligus untuk memahami probabilitas perubahan hukum nikah sirrÃ® melalui Kaidah Fikih. Penelitian ini menggunakan analisa deskriptif-kualitatif melalui studi literatur. Hasil dari studi ini adalah dimungkinkannya perubahan hukum nikah sirrÃ® dari yang sebelumnya boleh menjadi haram. Ini berdasarkan fakta banyaknya penyimpangan wewenang pernikahan yang tidak tercatat yang merugikan kehidupan keluarga di masa yang akan datang.

Islamic triangle concept of marital age: Indonesian experience Fauzan Muhammadi; Eva Wulandari; M. Hajir Susanto
Legality : Jurnal Ilmiah Hukum Vol. 29 No. 2 (2021): September
Publisher : Faculty of Law, University of Muhammadiyah Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22219/ljih.v29i2.14162

Marriage is a sacred act that no one will doubt. The sacredness of marriage does not mean that every person could be married. There are legal competencies in Islam that every person should be aware of before doing any legal acts. Islamic law sets two indicators of legal age; both are bālig and rusydan. Indonesia has determined the age of 19 to be a formal legal age of Indonesian people for their marriage. Finding the connection between the two indicators and concluded age is worth studying. The article aims to correlate Islamic legal competence with the marriage readiness and triangle analysis of legal age marriage based on Indonesia's factual issues. The article was described and analyzed qualitatively and based on the normative legal review. The review found out that ahliyyatul adā` al-kāmilah is the appropriate phase-in doing all legal activities, including marriage. The concluded age of 19 by the Indonesian government is well-measured when it was analyzed through the three parallel concepts: maslahah, ra’iyyatul imam manūtun bil maslahah, and sadd al-zarī’ah, all of which allow valuable considerations based on actual problematic issues of underage marriage.

Al-Rahn in Malaysia and Indonesia: Legal History and Upcoming Trajectory Fauzan Muhammadi; Nor Fahimah Mohd Razif; Rahimin Affandi bin Abdul Rahim
Asy-Syir'ah: Jurnal Ilmu Syari'ah dan Hukum Vol 55, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Faculty of Sharia and Law - Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/ajish.v55i1.1019

Abstract: This article examines the legal history of the application of Al-Rahn in two countries: Malaysia and Indonesia. Malaysia and Indonesia have similar roots in the implementation of Islamic law during the emergence of Islamic kingdoms in the Nusantara. However, these two countries developed different legal systems after colonialism: Britain colonized Malaysia and the Netherlands colonized Indonesia. These two phases, the Islamic kingdoms and the colonization of two European nations (Britain and the Netherlands), also influenced the historical development of the application of Al-Rahn to date. This study was conducted normatively with a comparative approach to legal history. This study’s qualitatively processed data are secondary data in statutory documents, books, and journal articles related to Al-Rahn. Comparatively, it was found that Al-Rahn was legally applied in these two countries during the development of the Islamic kingdoms, but then receded and even sank during colonialization. The influence of European law, whether Common Law or Civil Law, was so deeply rooted that it took a while to reach the stage where Al-Rahn was set into motion again. However, the practice of Al-Rahn, both in Malaysia and Indonesia, is yet to be accommodated under a single legal basis, rather, it is scattered in several different laws and regulations.Abstrak: Artikel ini mengkaji sejarah hukum penerapan Al-Rahn di dua negara, yaitu Malaysia dan Indonesia. Malaysia dan Indonesia memiliki akar penerapan hukum Islam yang sama pada masa berseminya kerajaan-kerajaan Islam di wilayah Nusantara. Namun demikian, kedua negara ini memiliki corak sistem hukum yang berbeda pasca kolonialisasi; Inggris menjajah Malaysia dan Belanda menjajah Indonesia. Dua fase tersebut, kerajaan Islam dan kolonialisasi dua Bangsa Eropa (Inggris dan Belanda), turut serta mempengaruhi perkembangan sejarah penerapan Al-Rahn sampai saat ini. Kajian ini dilakukan secara normatif dengan pendekatan komparasi sejarah hukum. Data yang diolah secara kualitatif dalam penelitian ini adalah data-data sekunder berupa dokumen perundang-undangan, buku, dan artikel jurnal berkaitan dengan Al-Rahn. Secara komparatif ditemukan bahwa Al-Rahn secara legal diterapkan di dua negara ini pada masa kerajaan Islam berkembang, namun kemudian surut dan bahkan tenggelam semasa kolonialisasi datang menjajah dua negara tetangga ini. Pengaruh hukum Eropa, baik Common Law atau English Law, sangat kuat sehingga membutuhkan waktu lama sampai tahap di mana Al-Rahn dipraktikkan kembali. Walaupun demikian, praktik Al-Rahn, baik Malaysia dan Indonesia, masih belum memiliki gantungan hukum yang tunggal, namun masih terpencar-pencar di beberapa perundangan dan peraturan.

Mitigasi Perkawinan Anak di Tengah Pandemi Covid-19 Melalui Sekolah Pra Nikah bagi Ikatan Pelajar Muhammadiyah Klaten Muhammad Habibi Miftakhul Marwa; Fauzan Muhammadi; Muhammad Nur Syuhada
Jurnal Dedikasi Hukum Vol. 1 No. 2 (2021): Agustus 2021
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang

Perkawinan anak menjadi permasalahan serius bangsa Indonesia karena berkaitan erat dengan aspek pendidikan, kesejahteraan, perlindungan sosial, kesehatan, dan ketenagakerjaan. Perkawinan semacam ini dikategorikan sebagai pelanggaran hak serta tumbuh kembang anak. Dampak perkawinan anak tidak hanya dirasakan anak yang dinikahkan, tetapi juga berdampak terhadap anak yang akan dilahirkan. Terjadinya perkawinan anak kebanyakan karena kehamilan sebelum menikah akibat pergaulan bebas yang tidak terkontrol. Mitigasi perkawinan anak di tengah pandemi melalui sekolah pra nikah bagi Pimpinan Daerah Ikatan Pelajar Muhammadiyah Kabupaten Klaten, merupakan salah satu strategi untuk mencegah perkawinan anak dan pergaulan bebas yang dimulai dari diri sendiri. Pengabdian ini menggunakan metode pembelajaran orang dewasa yang dikemas dalam bentuk sekolah non formal dengan model ceramah, pelatihan, dan evaluasi. Pemahaman dan keterampilan peserta mengalami peningkatan setelah mengikuti kegiatan pengabdian. Kenyataan ini dibuktikan dari hasil pre-test yang diujikan sebelum peserta memperoleh materi yaitu nilai rata-rata peserta 75,29/100, dan hasil post-test setelah materi disampaikan kepada peserta hasil rata-rata mencapai 85,83/100. Sementara, berdasarkan kuesioner penilaian mitra bahwa keberdayaan peserta mengalami peningkatan dengan persentase setuju 57,7%, sangat setuju 34,6%, dan tidak setuju 7,7%. Mitigation of Child Marriage during a Covid-19 Pandemic Through Pre-Marriage Schools for the Klaten Muhammadiyah Student Association. Child marriage is a serious problem for the Indonesian people because it is closely related to aspects of education, welfare, social protection, health, and employment. This kind of marriage is categorized as a violation of the rights and development of children. The impact of child marriage is not only felt by the child who is married, but also has an impact on the child to be born. The occurrence of child marriage is mostly due to pregnancy before marriage due to uncontrolled promiscuity. Mitigation of child marriage in the midst of a pandemic through pre-marital schools for the Regional Leaders of the Klaten Regency Muhamamdiyah Student Association, is one strategy to prevent child marriage and promiscuity that starts with oneself. This service uses adult learning methods that are packaged in the form of non-formal schools with lecture, training, and evaluation models. Participants' understanding and skills have increased after participating in service activities. This fact is evidenced from the results of the pretest that was tested before the participants received the material, namely the average value of the participants was 75.29/100, and the posttest results after the material was delivered to the participants the average result reached 85.83/100. Meanwhile, based on the partner assessment questionnaire, participants' empowerment has increased with the percentage agreeing to 57.7%, strongly agreeing 34.6%, and disagreeing 7.7%.

Reposition of Ta’zir and Ta’wid on Moral Hazard Behavior in Islamic Banking in Indonesia Muhammad Ridha Haykal Amal; Fauzan Muhammadi
Jurnal Hukum Novelty Vol 13, No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26555/novelty.v13i1.a21505

Introduction to The Problem: The use of ta’zir and ta’wid in dealing with moral hazards in Islamic banking has been legalized through Bank Indonesia Regulation Number 7/46/PBI/2005 and DSN-MUI Fatwa Number 17/DSN-MUI/IX/2000. However, some scholars do not justify these policies because they are contrary to sharia rules.Purpose/Objective: This research aims to reposition ta’zir and ta’wid in dealing with moral hazard behavior. The repositioning in this context is to look for alternative ways to deal with customer moral hazard behavior.Design/Methodology/Approach: This is qualitative research involving secondary data arranged in an inductive-descriptive manner. It is also associated with a case study to obtain a complete picture of ta’zir and ta’wid in preventing moral hazards in Islamic banking. The data collected were analyzed through the stages of (1) data collection, (2) data reduction, (3) data display, and (4) conclusion/verification.Findings: Based on the results, the repositioning of ta’zir and ta’wid is necessary because, presently, its implementation contains elements of usury, which Islam forbids. Therefore, the proposed form enables customers to pay back debt in two or three installments without increasing its value in one payment. This policy enables customers whose late payment is not due to force majeure but an element of intent or bad faith.Paper Type: Research Article

Law, Politics, and Women: How were 'Aisyiyah's Cadres Involved in the Party? Anom Wahyu Asmorojati; Fauzan Muhammadi
Varia Justicia Vol 17 No 1 (2021): Vol 17 No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31603/variajusticia.v17i1.4573

The law has regulated the quota of women candidates for legislative members of at least 30%. This regulation has encouraged all political parties to seek female members. However, women who have the capacities and capabilities as members of the legislature are difficult to find. One possible reason is their low participation in political education in religious, social organizations, such as' Aisyiyah. This study aimed to analyze the cadre system of women's political education of 'Aisyiyah in the Partai Amanat Nasional (PAN). This research is a normative, empirical legal research with a qualitative phenomenological approach. The informants of this research were 'Aisyiyah cadres or activists who were PAN and the Legislature members. The results showed that the cadre system of women's political education in 'Aisyiyah was carried out naturally through a public leadership capacity-building program. The involvement of 'Aisyiyah women in PAN was not merely practical politics, but it was carried out for the sake of upholding the law in Indonesia. Therefore, they were not affiliated with one particular political party but spread to various political parties in Indonesia. Thus, the involvement of 'Aisyiyah women in PAN was not merely a political movement but a legal movement and da'wah of amar ma'ruf nahi munkar (enjoining the good and avoiding the bad).

Fixed-Time Employment Agreement Based on Legal Awareness to Realize Harmonious Employment Relationship Fithriatus Shalihah; Megawati Megawati; Suryadi Suryadi; Siti Zuliyah; Fauzan Muhammadi
Susbtantive Justice International Journal of Law Vol 5 No 2 (2022): Substantive Justice International Journal of Law
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Muslim Indonesia, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56087/substantivejustice.v5i2.184

The arrangement of fixed-time employment agreements stipulated in the laws and regulations of the Republic of Indonesia is considered ineffective. One of the primary reasons is that some existing provisions are deemed inappropriate for labor-market needs. Several articles concerning work agreements have been removed from the Job Creation Law, but implementation issues remain. Both are concerned with the fulfillment of workers' rights and the types of work that are permissible for workers with specific worker statuses at specific times. This research uses a normative juridical method with a statutory and conceptual approach. The result of analysis indicates that any employment agreement must include legal awareness provisions. This is done to provide a more concrete measure of legal awareness, because everything in the employment agreement is the result of an agreement reached by both parties. If there are impediments to the exercise of rights that are not the result of deliberate reason, the settlement has also been arranged using local wisdom in the form of deliberation between the parties. If the provisions of the laws and regulations regarding the fulfillment of the parties' rights cannot be run optimally, this can be a solution to create harmonious industrial relations. The most important solution to establishing the rule of law in creating a harmonious working relationship is legal awareness in the implementation of fixed-time employment agreements.

Meta-Mortgaging: Islamic Law Review on Marhūn Issues Fauzan Muhammadi; Deslaely Putranti; Chrisna Bagus Edhita Praja; Alda Kartika Yudha
Jurnal Media Hukum Vol 29, No 2: December 2022
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/jmh.v29i2.16959

To this date, technology has seen massive development and, it influences the economic field. The emergence of the metaverse has become an inevitable part of this progress. It serves as a digital world, wherein everyone is able carry out a vast array of activities, including economic transactions. The emergence of digital assets, that has encouraged serious discussion, is inseparable from Islamic law. One of these digital assets is the Non-Fungible Token (NFT). This digital asset is the focus of this study, specifically on for its posibility to become material guarantees. This article employs a qualitative study and presented descriptively through the perspective of Islamic law. The result of this study is that the pledged-object (marhūn) has certain primary conditions for it to be functional, namely: it is a property, it has value, it can be traded, its asset value is clearly known, and it is actually owned by the guarantor (rāhin). The concept of marhūn as a valuable object ultimately answers that NFT is included in the marhūn category. However, since NFTs do not stand alone if the transaction currency used in the metaverse is cryptocurrencies, al-rahn transactions using NFTs become less favourable considering Cyrptocurrency is deemed to be haram.

Aplikasi Konsep Mantuq dan Mafhum Pada Ayat-ayat Pidana Pembunuhan Dalam AL-Qur'an dan KUHP Fauzan Muhammadi
JUSTITIA JURNAL HUKUM Vol 2 No 1 (2018): Justitia Jurnal Hukum
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30651/justitia.v2i1.1711

Islam sebagai ajaran paripurna mengatur struktur interaktif antara manusia dengan Allah, manusia dengan sesama dan lingkungan sekitarnya. Berlaku pula dalam hal ini hukum pidana yang mengatur beragam bentuk pelanggaran serta sanksi-sanksinya. Indonesia sebagai negara berpenduduk muslim terbanyak di dunia masih belum mengakomodir ranah pidana Islam pada tata hukum nasionalnya. Adanya upaya pembaharuan Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana (KUHP) di Indonesia menegaskan perlunya perubahan. Kajian ini menelaah secara khusus ayat-ayat pidana pembunuhan dalam Al-Quran melalui konsep pemaknaan dalam teori maná¹Å«q dan mafhÅ«m yang selanjutnya disandingkan dengan pemaknaan pasal-pasal pidana pembunuhan dalam KUHP. Penelitian ini ditelaah secara deskriptif-kualitatif dengan menganalisa literatur pustaka terkait dengan kajian yang diteliti. Studi ini menunjukkan bahwa secara substantif antara Islam dengan KUHP memiliki perbedaan: (1) Islam membagi kategori pembunuhan menjadi sengaja, semi sengaja, dan tersalah; dan (2) KUHP membagi secara general menjadi sengaja dan tersalah, hanya saja sengaja di sini terdiri dari sengaja dan sengaja dengan rencana. Akan tetapi, KUHP masih belum menjelaskan detail maksud dan perbedaan dari sengaja dan sengaja dengan rencana.Kata Kunci: Maná¹Å«q dan MafhÅ«m; Ayat-Ayat Pidana, KUHP

Asas Kemaslahatan dalam Penyelesaian Tindak Pidana Perundungan oleh Santri Berdasarkan MAQĀṢID SYARĪ’AH Ilham Lahiyah; Fauzan Muhammadi; Muhammad Habibi Miftakhul Marwa; Kurnia Dewi Anggraeny
JUSTISI Vol. 10 No. 1 (2024): JUSTISI
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum Universitas Muhammadiyah Sorong

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33506/jurnaljustisi.v10i1.2764

Apart from the main aim of Islamic boarding schools for Islamic development, carrying out Islamic boarding schools often encounters problems, for example, cases of criminal acts by students. Thus, criminal acts that occur in the Islamic boarding school environment become insignificant and normal. One of the criminal problems that often occurs in Islamic boarding schools is bullying. Islamic boarding schools in Babakan, Ciwaringin, Cirebon area have various areas, buildings, and numbers of students. Criminal cases like bullying are common to occur in the boarding school environment. Therefore, this research aims to determine the application of Islamic boarding school principles of virtue in resolving student bullying cases and to determine Islamic boarding school principles of virtue in resolving Islamic boarding school bullying cases in terms of maqāṣid syarī'ah. This research is a qualitative study using a conceptual approach and a statutory approach. This method is supported by primary and secondary data. The primary data were collected through interviews with Islamic boarding school managers and students, while the secondary data were obtained through literature studies from books, journals, articles, and else related to this research. This research found that bullying still commonly happens in Islamic boarding schools. Efforts to resolve the problems by the Islamic Boarding Schools are carried out using internal processes such as discussion or non-physical punishment in accordance with the Islamic Boarding School's internal regulations. This is considered to be in line with the Principles of Virtue as stated in the Islamic Boarding School Law. In addition, the existence of the Islamic Boarding School Law has not been widely known by the elements within the Islamic Boarding Schools. However, what the Islamic Boarding Schools implement in resolving bullying cases has accommodated the concept of protecting the soul contained in maqāṣid syarī'ah. Keywords: Pesantren; Maṣlaḥah; Bullying; Maqāṣid

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