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Shape and Chronology of Wooden Coffins in Mamasa, West Sulawesi, Indonesia Duli, Akin
TAWARIKH Vol 5, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : ASPENSI in Bandung, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (416.092 KB)

ABSTRACT: Toraja-Mamasa ethnic is one of ethnics that dwell in Mamasa Regency, West Sulawesi Province, Indonesia. They have inhabited the region from ancient times until now and have a variety of uniquely cultural forms, and it is interest to study. One form of cultures that characterize the culture of Mamasa is a burial system placed in a limestone hills with wooden coffins. There have been no archaeological experts who examined the wooden coffin in the region; so, the distribution of site, form, layout, dating, and cultural significance is not known scientifically. Therefore, it is necessary to study archeologically to understand the various aspects before it destroyed, and becomes extinct of natural processes such as weathering and damaged by treasure seekers. The research of wooden coffin in Mamasa region, West Sulawesi, Indonesia was conducted by a systematic survey and sampling methods for radiocarbon dating. The study found 21 sites with a dozen pieces of coffins, which consists of boat-shaped or âbangka-bangkaâ, buffalo-shaped or âtedong-tedongâ, horse-shaped or ânarangâ, round-shaped or âtalukunâ, and house-shaped tomb or âbatutu. Wooden coffin burial sites are always located not far from villages, rice fields or gardens, and located in the south or southwest of the old village. The lay outs of the coffins are always on the sand stone hills with south or west orientation. Differences in shape, layout, and orientation are strongly influenced by factors of trust, cosmology, and social stratification concept. The dating results shows that wooden coffins have been used since 730 Â± 50 BP or about 1200 AD (Anno Domini) and keep continue until the 1970âs. KEY WORDS: Wooden coffin, Mamasa community, radiocarbon dating, differences in shapes, trust, cosmology, and social stratification concept.About the Author: Dr. Akin Duli is a Senior Lecturer at the Department of Archaeology, Faculty of Humanities UNHAS (Hasanuddin University) in Makassar City, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. For academic purposes, he can be reached at: akinduli@yahoo.co.idHow to cite this article? Duli, Akin. (2014). âShape and Chronology of Wooden Coffins in Mamasa, West Sulawesi, Indonesiaâ in TAWARIKH: International Journal for Historical Studies, Vol.5(2) April, pp.177-186. Bandung, Indonesia: ASPENSI [Asosiasi Sarjana Pendidikan Sejarah Indonesia] and UVRI [Universitas Veteran Republik Indonesia], ISSN 2085-0980.Chronicle of the article: Accepted (February 23, 2014); Revised (March 27, 2014); and Published (April 28, 2014).

PuritanÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s Hegemony in the Nathaniel HawthornÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s The Scarlet Letter Zakaria, Zakaria; Duli, Akin; Rahman, Fathu
Language Circle: Journal of Language and Literature Vol 15, No 1 (2020): October 2020
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/lc.v15i1.25766

Misperception and inhuman behave presented by Puritan in conducting state administration, consequently character of Hester Prynne in the novel of Nathaniel HawthornÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s The Scarlet Letter under the implementation of religious values, law assembling, and political system. The implementation of PuritanÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s inhuman religious, law and political values to PrynneÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s personal character is something criminal behave, and assembling of the law in the case of sin of PrynneÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s adultery presented by Custom House was irresponsible decision or immoral severance in front of court. PuritanÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s values over the social living is regulated not only for social norms, culture, and law affairs, but even political matters, means that everything must be obeyed and be bent over the GodÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s rule, and so to whom (married woman) has committed adultery, must be committed as a sinner and impose a sentence in front of general public. It is a library research and used descriptive qualitative analysis. In challenging and lift it up the universal value in against suppressive, hegemonic in the case Prynn the writer used two approachings as solution to solve the problem and they are feminism perspective and deconstruction model as a solution over the PrynneÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s problem.

MAKNA SIMBOLIS BEBERAPA MOTIF GORESAN PADA SITUS MEGALITIK TINCO DAN LAWO DI KABUPATEN SOPPENG Akin Duli
WalennaE Vol 5 No 2 (2002)
Publisher : Balai Arkeologi Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan

Batu bergores banyak ditemukan dibeberapa situs megalitik di Indonesia termasuk wilayah Tinco dan Lawo Kabupaten Soppeng. Batu bergores tersebut telah diteliti tetapi masih sebatas deskriptif sehingga diperlukan penelitian lebih intensif yang menyangkut fungsinya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui fungsi batu bergores pada situs Tinco dan lawo. Metode yang digunakan berupa pengumpulan data dengan melakukan pendekatan analogi etnografi, mengingat masih banyak masyarakat yang mengetahui bahkan melanjutkan tradisi tersebut. Hasil yang diperoleh bahwa batu bergores menunjukkan atau merefleksikan berbagai aspek kehidupan seperti idiologi, subsistensi, dan lingkungan. batu bergores pada situs Tinco dan Lawo memiliki kekuatan gaib dan magis, berkaitan dengan kematian, tanda pelantikan raja, dan upacara ritual lainnya. Selain itu juga berfungsi sebagai penentuan hari-hari baik, penentuan musim, pertanian dan perburuan.

PERANAN TOSORA SEBAGAI PUSAT PEMERINTAHAN KERAJAAN WAJO ABAD XVI-XIX Akin Duli
WalennaE Vol 12 No 2 (2010)
Publisher : Balai Arkeologi Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan

The ruins of various building of Tosora site from the past is a silence witness of the glorious and decline story of the Kingdom of Wajo at the 16 to 19 century, which can be seen and observed at the present time. These building consist of Mosque, Mushallah, Gaddong, Tombs, Forts, Ancient Well, Port, Canon and others artefacts such as ceramics, earthenware, metal-items and other. Based by that evidence of remaining items of the past which widely scattered within the Tosora site and its surrounding area, it can be referred as the witness of how the role of Tosora in the past time, as the center of government of the Kingdom of Wajo. Tosora was selected as the capital city of the Kingdom of Wajo due to its strategic location.Runtuhan bangunan situs Tosora dari masa lalu adalah saksi bisu dari kisah kejayaan dan kemunduran Kerajaan Wajo pada abad 16 hingga 19, peninggalan yang dapat diamati pada saat ini yaitu bangunan Masjid, Mushallah, Gaddong, Makam, Benteng, Sumur Kuno, Pelabuhan, Canon dan artefak lainnya seperti keramik, gerabah, logam dan lainnya. Berdasarkan artefak yang ditemukan dapat dijadikan bukti peran Tosora di masa lalu yaitu sebagai pusat pemerintahan Kerajaan Wajo, Tosora terpilih sebagai ibu kota Kerajaan Wajo karena lokasinya yang strategis.

PERBANDINGAN PENGUBURAN KERANDA KAYU DI TANA TORAJA DENGAN KERANDA KAYU DI SABAH (BORNEO)-KALIMANTAN Akin Duli; Stephen Chia Ming Soon; Muhammad Husni
WalennaE Vol 13 No 1 (2011)
Publisher : Balai Arkeologi Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan

Asal-usul tentang budaya keranda kayu di kawasan Tana Toraja belum diketahui dengan pasti. Namun berdasarkan studi perbandingan dengan kawasan lainnya di Asia Tenggara seperti kawasan Sabah di Borneo-Kalimantan, dapat memberikan gambaran tentang adanya persamaan bentuk dan bahkan asal-usul dari keranda kayu Toraja. Dengan menggunakan metode deskripsi dan perbandingan tipologi, dapat diketahui adanya persamaan bentuk maupun tata letak, sehingga dapat diasumsikan bahwa keranda kayu di kedua kawasan tersebut, berasal dari satu asal-usul budaya yang sama, atau kemungkinan besar keranda kayu Toraja berasal dari kawasan Sabah (Borneo)-Kalimantan pada masa lampau. The origins of culture in the wood coffins in Tana Toraja region is not known with certainty. However, based on comparative studies with other regions in Southeast Asia as the region of Sabah on Borneo-Kalimantan, can provide a snapshot of the similarities of form and even the origin of the wooden coffin Toraja. By using the method of description and comparison of typology, typology can be known the equation as well as the layout, so it can be assumed that the wooden coffin in both regions, derived from a single origin of the same culture, or is likely to Toraja wood coffin comes from the region Sabah (Borneo)-Kalimantan in the past.

PERANAN SITUS LIANG DALAM SISTEM PEMUKIMAN MASYARAKAT TORAJA Akin Duli
WalennaE Vol 13 No 2 (2011)
Publisher : Balai Arkeologi Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan

Banyak tulisan ilmiah yang telah dilahirkan para ahli tentang pemukiman tradisional masyarakat Toraja, namun belum ada yang membahas tentang bagaimana peranan penguburan (Liang) dalam sistem pemukiman Toraja. Dalam tulisan ini akan diuraikan tentang Liang dan peranannya dalam sistem pemukiman masyarakat Toraja, sebab pada kenyataannya setiap Tongkonan mempunyai pasangan, yaitu Liang. Liang bagi masyarakat Toraja dianggap sebagai banua tang merambu, yang dipandang oleh masyarakat Toraja mempunyai nilai yang sama dengan Tongkonan, yaitu sebagai bahagian dari warisan dan pusaka mereka secara turun-temurun yang tidak ternilai harganya.Many scientific papers have been written about the traditional of Toraja settlements, but no one has discussed about how the role of burial (Liang) in Toraja settlement system. This paper described on Liang and role in human settlement systems Toraja. In fact every Tongkonan have a partner that is Liang. Liang in Toraja communities regarded as banua tang merambu, which is considered by the Toraja people have the same value with Tongkonan, namely as a portion of their legacy and heritage for generations that is priceless.

Tembikar dari Situs Gua Topogaro, Kabupaten Morowali, Provinsi Sulawesi Tengah Aisyah Arung Qalam; Hasanuddin; Akin Duli; Rintaro Ono
WalennaE Vol 18 No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Balai Arkeologi Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan

Gua Topogaro merupakan salah satu situs dengan temuan berupa fragmen tembikar yang berada di wilayah Sulawesi Tengah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bentuk dan ragam hias pada tembikar Situs Gua Topogaro. Analisis bentuk meliputi profil dan ukuran. Sementara analisis ragam hias dilakukan dengan mengamati motif hias, teknik hias dan warna hias pada permukaan tembikar. Ditemukan empat jenis wadah tembikar yaitu periuk, kendi, tempayan dan mangkuk. Terdapat 57 motif hias yang dihasilkan dari beberapa teknik hias diantaranya teknik gores, tekan, cukil dan tempel. Penerapan warna hiasan putih ditemukan pada sebagian besar fragmen tembikar berhias. Dilihat dari bentuk dan ragam hiasnya menunjukkan bahwa, tembikar Situs Gua Topogaro mendapat pengaruh dari dua tradisi tembikar yaitu Tradisi Sa Huynh-Kalanay yang berkembang di Asia Tenggara Kepulauan dan Tradisi Lapita yang berkembang di Pasifik. Gua Topogaro is one of the sites with pottery fragments findings in the Central Sulawesi. This study aims to determine the shape and variety of decoration on the pottery of Gua Topogaro. Shape analysis includes profile and size. While the analysis of the decoration variety is done by observing decorative motifs, decorative techniques and decorative colors on the surface of the pottery. There are four types of pottery that is pots, jugs, jars, and bowls. There are 57 decorative motifs produced from several decorative techniques including incised, impressed, excised and applied. The application of white decorative colors is found in most decorated pottery fragments. Based on the shape and variety of decoration, the pottery from Gua Topogaro is affected by two pottery tradition: the Sa Huynh-Kalanay Tradition that developed in Southeast Asia Archipelago and the Lapita Tradition that developed in Pacific.

JARINGAN BUDAYA KERAJAAN SOPPENG PERIODE ISLAM BERDASARKAN DATA KUBUR JERA LOMPOE Muhammad Nur; Yusriana Yusriana; Akin Duli; Khadijah Tahir Muda; Rosmawati Rosmawati; Andi M. Akhmar; Syahruddin Mansyur; Chalid A.S.; Asmunandar Asmunandar
WalennaE Vol 18 No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Balai Arkeologi Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24832/wln.v18i2.493

Jaringan budaya kerajaan Soppeng pra-Islam telah dibahas oleh beberapa peneliti sehingga kita memiliki gambaran yang luas tentang periode tersebut. Pada periode Islam, pemahaman kita tentang jaringan budaya kerajaan Soppeng masih terbatas, terutama dalam perspektif arkeologi. Artikel ini akan fokus pada diskusi tentang jaringan budaya kerajaan Soppeng berdasarkan data kubur Jera Lompoe, dengan titik berat analisis pada nisan kubur. Data sekunder berupa hasil kajian sejarah akan mendukung analisis arkeologi. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa ada lima informasi tentang jaringan budaya kerajaan Soppeng abad ke-17 hingga abad ke-19, yaitu: (a) nisan Aceh tipe K, (b) nisan tipe hulu keris dan mahkota, (c) nisan tipe pedang, (d) makam duta kerajaan Sidenreng dan Pajung Luwu, dan (e) makam We Adang, istri salah seorang Raja Bone. Luasnya jaringan budaya kerajaan Soppeng pada abad ke-17 hingga ke-19 menjadi petunjuk tentang peran pentingnya dalam historiografi Sulawesi Selatan dan keikutsertaannya dalam trend penggunaan nisan kubur se-Nusantara.

The Osteoarkeologi Rangka Manusia Situs Leang Kado’4, Maros, Sulawesi Selatan Fakhri Fakhri; Delta Bayu Murti Murti; Budianto Hakim Hakim; Muhammad Nur Nur; Akin Duli Duli; Khadijah Tahir Muda Muda
WalennaE Vol 19 No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Balai Arkeologi Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24832/wln.v19i2.520

Pembahasan utama dalam penelitian ini adalah uraian osteoarkeologis terkait temuan rangka manusia situs prasejarah Leang Kado‘ 4 di kawasan karst Simbang, Maros, Sulawesi Selatan. Sebagai bagian dari kajian bioarkeologi, uraian ini meliputi penentuan jenis kelamin, usia kematian, rata-rata tinggi badan, afinitas ras, dan jumlah individu minimal yang ada di Situs Leang Kado‘ 4 sebagai bagian aktivitas penguburan. Metode penelitian menerapkan langkah kerja analisis dalam kajian bioarkeologi yang juga diterapkan dalam disiplin antropologi ragawi. Langkah kerja analisis tersebut, meliputi: identifikasi, pengukuran, komparasi, dan penghitungan estimasi jumlah individu minimal dalam sebuah himpunan data. Penelitian ini berkesimpulan bahwa sisa rangka manusia di situs Leang Kado‘ 4 memiliki kesamaan dengan dua jenis ras manusia, yaitu ras populasi Sahul-Pacific dikenal pula sebagai Australo-Papuan atau Australomelanesoid dan ras populasi Asia atau Mongoloid. Hadirnya data ini diharapkan menjadi salah satu bahan pertimbangan rekomendasi kebijakan berwawasan pembangunan karakter budaya bangsa yang mengedepankan kebhinekaan asal usul dengan data temuan rangka manusia. This research aims to provide an osteoarchaeological analysis of the human skeletons found at the prehistoric site of Leang Kado‘ 4 in Simbang karst area, Maros, South Sulawesi. As a part of bioarchaeological studies, the analysis included the determination of sex, age at death, average height, racial affinity, and the minimum number of individuals at the site as part of the burial activities. The research employed the analytical process that is commonly carried out in bioarchaeological and physical anthropological studies. The analytical process consists of identification, measurement, comparison, and estimation of the minimum number of individuals in a data set. It is concluded that the human skeletal remains at Leang Kado‘ 4 site share several similarities with two human races, i.e. Sahul-Pacific race also known as Australo-Papuan or Australomelanesoid and Asian or Mongoloid race. It is expected that all this data can be used as a base for developing policies oriented to the development of the national character and culture by emphisizing the diversity of the people’s origins, which is supported by data on human skeletal remains.

SISTEM PENGUBURAN AKHIR JAMAN PRASEJARAH DI SULAWESI SELATAN Akin Duli
Tumotowa Vol 1 No 2 (2018): Tumotowa
Publisher : Balai Arkeologi Provinsi Sulawesi Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24832/tmt.v1i2.17

This paper described the forms of prehistoric burials in South Sulawesi. Results of this study indicate that there are different forms of burial has been known since the Neolithic period to ethnography period. Burial forms such as direct burial without the use of container, burial directly or indirectly by using containers. Vehicle used as a rock (stone coffin, gravel pit, stone carving), wood (erong, duni, allung, passilliran), ceramics (balubu, bowl, jar), or simply wrapped with a cloth or mat. Grave orientation is generally east-west or toward the sacred mountain, in accordance with their beliefs. Accompanied by a burial tomb various provisions, such as ceramics, objects of metal (gold, copper and bronze), beads and bracelets. Patterned pre-Islamic burial system is still life in certain communities, for example various forms tomb in Tana Toraja.

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