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Review Sinergisitas Kombinasi Polimer Alami Serta Pemanfaatan dalam Formulasi Obat Viviane Annisa; Teuku Nanda Saifullah Sulaiman; Akhmad Kharis Nugroho; Agung Endro Nugroho
Majalah Farmasetika Vol 6, No 5 (2021): Vol. 6, No. 5, Tahun 2021
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/mfarmasetika.v6i5.35935

Abstract

Pengetahuan tentang sinergisme bermanfaat untuk menentukan kombinasi polimer alami yang memberikan efek menguntungkan ketika dikombinasikan. Interaksi yang saling menguntungkan antar polimer alami dapat dilihat dari nilai sinergisitas dari data pengujian viskositas. Kombinasi polimer yang memiliki efek sinergi dapat memberikan banyak kegunaan serta manfaat yang besar dalam pengembangan teknologi formulasi obat sehingga dapat mengatasi kekurangan yang dimiliki oleh masing-masing zat aktif obat. Pada studi ini, dilakukan review artikel tentang sinergisme kombinasi polimer, pengaruh kation sebagai cross-linker, serta aplikasi kombinasi alginat dengan polimer alami dalam formulasi sediaan obat dan aspek farmakologinya. Database yang digunakan untuk mengambil referensi, meliputi Scopus, PubMed, dan Google Schoolar. Tipe data dari database meliputi jurnal, artikel review, maupun buku tanpa ada pembatasan tahun. Referensi yang diperoleh dari database lalu diidentifikasi, dianalisis, dan dipilih yang sesuai dengan topik yang akan direview. Formulasi dengan polimer menghasilkan obat dengan pelepasan terkontrol, yang memiliki keuntungan, yakni dapat menurunkan frekuensi pemberian dosis, menurunkan efek samping obat, meningkatkan tingkat kepatuhan pasien, menurunkan fluktuasi, serta memperlama durasi aksi obat, dan memastikan respon farmakokinetik dan farmakodinamik dapat reprodusibel dan diprediksi. Selain itu, polimer dapat pula dimodifikasi sedemikian rupa untuk menjadi sistem penghantaran obat tertarget pada organ tertentu. Polimer alami yang paling banyak digunakan dan dikombinasikan dengan polimer lain adalah alginat karena memiliki struktur dengan banyak gugus negatif berupa karboksil dan hidroksil sehingga memiliki berbagai keuntungan, seperti dapat meningkatkan kelarutan obat, meningkatkan kemampuan mukoadesif, melepaskan obat secara terkontrol, serta menghantarkan obat pada target organ tertentu.
EFEK REBUSAN RIMPANG SEGAR, REBUSAN RIMPANG KERING, MINYAK ATSIRI DAN KURKUMIN Curcuma xanthorriza Roxb. TERHADAP KADAR BILIRUBIN PADA TIKUS WISTAR JANTAN YANG DIINDUKSI PARASETAMOL Fitriana Hayyu Arifah; Suwijiyo Pramono; Agung Endro Nugroho
Jurnal Tumbuhan Obat Indonesia Vol 11 No 2 (2018): Jurnal Tumbuhan Obat Indonesia
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Obat dan Obat Tradisional

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1170.339 KB) | DOI: 10.22435/jtoi.v11i2.572

Abstract

Javanese turmeric (Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb.) is a medicinal plant that can be developed for the treatment of liver disease. The aim of this study is to evaluate the decoction of fresh rhizome, decoction of dried rhizome, essential oils, and curcumin of Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb. against bilirubin level on paracetamol-induced male Wistar rats. Male Wistar rats were divided into 10 groups including group I and II were normal control and negative control, groups III, IV, and V received pretreatment of decoction of fresh rhizome 0,75 g/kgBW, 2,25 g/kgBW, and 6,75 g/kgBW, respectively for 9 days, Groups VI, VII, and VIII received pretreatment of decoction of dried rhizome 0,45 g/kgBW, 1,35 g/kgBW, and 4,05 g/kgBW, respectively for 9 days, group IX received pretreatment of essential oils 1,01 μl/kgBW for 9 days, group X received pretreatment of curcumin 75 μg/kgBW for 9 days. Groups II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII, IX, and X on days 7, 8, and 9 induced paracetamol 3 g/kgBW. The blood was drained on day 0 and 4 after induction of paracetamol for bilirubin parameter study. Data were analyzed statistically using One-Way ANOVA test followed by LSD test with a 95% confidence level. The results showed that pretreatment of decoction of fresh rhizome 0,75 g/kgBW decrease the bilirubin level significantly (p<0,05) against the negative control. It can be concluded that pretreatment of decoction of fresh rhizome 0,75 g/kgBW was the best effect of decrease the bilirubin level.
EVALUATION ON THE ANTIHYPERTENSIVE THERAPY USAGE ON BLOOD PRESSURE PREDIALYSIS IN OUTPATIENTS WITH END STAGE RENAL DISEASE (ESRD) RECIVING ROUTINE HEMODIALYSIS AT PKU MUHAMMADIYAH HOSPITAL YOGYAKARTA Fitriani Fitriani; Agung Endro Nugroho; Inayati Inayati
JURNAL MANAJEMEN DAN PELAYANAN FARMASI (Journal of Management and Pharmacy Practice) Vol 1, No 3
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jmpf.11

Abstract

Hypertension and chronic kidney disease (CKD) are the two kinds of disease that are related each others. The prevalence of hypertension is estimated occur in 80% of the hemodialysis population. This research aims to determine the relationship between the compliance levels of patients in antihypertensive medication on blood pressure predialysis This research is conducted by using a descriptive prospective observational study. Data analysis was performed to determine the profile of antihypertensive therapy use, antihypertensive medication therapy outcomes profile, and the influence of the patients’ compliance level in antihypertensive medication. The patient compliance level in taking antihypertensive drugs is assessed by questionnaire of Modified Morisky Scale (MMS). Based on the research results,, the antihypertensive profile used was CCBs system (32,91%), loop diuretics (23,42%), AIIRA (15,82%), central α agonists (12,66%), ACEI (12,03 %), and β blockers (3,16%). Antihypertensive therapies applied single and combination therapy. The most used monotherapy is CCBs (3,70%), whereas the most used combination are combination of the class of CCBs, AIIRA, and loop diuretics (16.67%). The outcomes profile of antihypertensive medication therapy based on the measurement results of pre-dialysis blood pressure are target of pre-dialysis blood pressure (<140/90 mmHg) can only be achieved by 3 patients, 2 patients are the compliance patients with the right choice and appropriate dose of antihypertensive therapy and 1 patient is a non-adherent patient with incorrect type and inappropriate doses of antihypertensive therapy. Most of hemodialysis patients have isolated systolic hypertension. The influence of the patients’ compliance level in antihypertensive medication towards the blood pressure control of pre-dialysis outpatients, there are 19 patients (35,19%) in the category of non-adherent patients with a mean blood pressure is 168,40/ 91,95 mmHg, and 35 patients (64,81%) in the category of adherence with a mean blood pressure is 165,60/ 87,77 mmHg. Keywords : digoxin, heart failure, renal dysfunction, clinical outcome.