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Journal : technema journal of intelligent engineering and computing

Analysis of Replacing High-Volume Fill Material on A Ramp With Expanded Polystyrene (Eps) Geofoam on Soft Soil Dewanggana Aksatriyakula P.; Diar Hibatullah Tsabit; Rifqi Brillyant Arieft; Abdul Rochim
Technema: Journal of Intelligent Engineering and Computing Vol. 1 No. 3 (2026): Technema: Journal of Intelligent Engineering and Computing
Publisher : CV SCRIPTA INTELEKTUAL MANDIRI

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Abstract

Bridge approach embankments constructed on soft soil are susceptible to excessive settlement and instability due to the low strength and bearing capacity of the foundation soil. This study aims to evaluate the performance of Expanded Polystyrene (EPS) Geofoam as an alternative to conventional soil-fill embankments in terms of settlement, differential settlement, stability, and consolidation time. Analytical calculations and numerical modeling using PLAXIS 2D were conducted based on soil parameters obtained from the Terboyo Kulon site, Genuk District. The results show that the EPS embankment produced a vertical settlement of 0.31 m, compared with 0.71 m for the conventional soil-fill embankment. Differential settlement was reduced from 0.37 m for the soil-fill embankment to 0.18 m for the EPS embankment, representing a reduction of approximately 51%. The EPS configuration also produced a safety factor of 3.77, considerably higher than the 1.52 obtained for the conventional soil-fill embankment. Furthermore, the EPS embankment reached 90% consolidation within approximately 9.5 years, whereas the conventional soil-fill embankment required 68.49 years. The use of EPS Geofoam therefore provides a lightweight embankment solution that can improve the overall performance of bridge approaches constructed on soft soil. These findings indicate that EPS Geofoam can effectively reduce settlement and differential deformation while improving embankment stability and accelerating the consolidation process on soft foundation soil.
An Experimental Study on the Use of Foam Mortar to Improve the Bearing Capacity of Soft Soil Muhammad Faruk Bajri; Muhammad Rafa Saptono; Abdul Rochim; Muhammad Rusli Ahyar
Technema: Journal of Intelligent Engineering and Computing Vol. 1 No. 3 (2026): Technema: Journal of Intelligent Engineering and Computing
Publisher : CV SCRIPTA INTELEKTUAL MANDIRI

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Abstract

Soft clay soils generally exhibit low bearing capacity, high plasticity, and limited shear resistance, making stabilization necessary for construction applications. This study investigates the effect of foamed mortar addition at 0%, 15%, 20%, and 25% on the physical and mechanical properties of soft clay obtained from Semarang City, Indonesia. The research employed a quantitative experimental approach through laboratory testing, including grain-size analysis, Atterberg limits, direct shear testing, Standard Proctor compaction, and laboratory California Bearing Ratio (CBR). The untreated soil was dominated by clay-sized particles at 89.88% and exhibited a specific gravity of 2.487, liquid limit of 53.21%, plastic limit of 29.82%, and plasticity index of 23.39%. The untreated soil also showed an internal friction angle of 11.06°, optimum moisture content of 34.00%, maximum dry density of 1.27 g/cm³, and unsoaked CBR of 5.10%. Increasing the foamed mortar content substantially modified the grain-size composition and improved the mechanical performance of the soil. At 25% foamed mortar content, the internal friction angle increased to approximately 34.50°, while the maximum unsoaked CBR increased to 25.70%, approximately 5.04 times the untreated value. The findings demonstrate that foamed mortar is effective in improving the shear resistance and bearing capacity of soft clay, with the 25% mixture providing the highest documented mechanical performance.