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BUDIDAYA JAMUR PERUSAK KAYU IV. KULTUR JAMUR PADA SUBSTRAT SERBUK GERGAJI YANG DIPERKAYA Sihati Suprapti; Ginuk Sumarni
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 5, No 7 (1988): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.1988.5.7.385-388

Oyster mushroom (Pleuroius ostreatus) has been cultivated on five sawdust media of five wood species, i.e. durian (Durio zibethinus Murr.), jeungjing (Albizia falcataria (L.) Fosb.). manii (Maesopsis eminii Engl.), rubber (Hevea brasiliensis Muell. Arg.) and coconut (Cocos nucifera L.). The composition of the media was 100 % saw dust, 80 % sawdust + 20 % rice bran, 99.5 % sawdust + 0.5 % lime, 99 % sawdust + 0.5 % lime + 0.5 % trisuperphosphate (TSP), and 97.5 % sawdust + 0.5 % lime + 0.5 % TSP + 1.5 % gypsum. Each media was mixed with sufficient distilled water. The media was allowed to cool after autoclave sterilization before being inoculated with pure culture of the mushroom. The mature mushroom was harvested daily after the growth of fruiting body.The highest yield was obtained from Rubber wood (129.8 g per 600 g media). The beat composition was obtained from sawdust 80 % mixed with rice bran 20 % (103.17 g per 600 g media).The higher Biological efficiency during the four month observation were obtained from media containing sawdu1t 80 % mixed with rice bran 20 %, i.e. rubber (66.73 %), durian 148.15 %), coconut (28.12 %), and manii (22.38 %).

KOLEKSI, ISOLASI DAN SELEKSI FUNGI PELAPUK DI AREAL RUTAN TANAMAN INDUSTRI PULP MANGIUM DAN EKALIPTUS Djarwanto Djarwanto; Sihati Suprapti; Dominicus Martono
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 26, No 4 (2008): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Hutan tanaman industri (HTI) pulp menghasilkan limbah pembalakan berupa kayu, ranting, daun/ serasah dan kulit kayu. Fungi pelapuk merupakan mikroorganisme saprofit secara alami kosmopolitan, sehingga dapat ditemukan di areal HTI. Oleh karena itu, dalam rangka mempercepat proses perombakan limbah HTI tersebut dan menghasilkan nilai tambah, maka perlu dicari fungi yang mendekomposisi limbah tersebut. Untuk mendapatkan fungi pelapuk tersebut dilakukan koleksi, isolasi, pemeliharaan dan seleksi. Adapun tujuannya untuk mendapatkan informasi teknik koleksi, isolasi, pemeliharaan, dan seleksi, fungi pelapuk yang tumbuh secara alarni di areal HTI pulp. Hasil koleksi ditemukan 62 jenis fungi berdasarkan tubuh buah. Beberapa jenis fungi yang sering ditemukan yaitu Pycnoporus sanguineus, Dacryopinax spathularia, Schizophyllum commune, Polyporus sp., Trametes sp. Sedangkan isolasi miselium, tubuh buah yang tumbuh pada dahan/ ranting dan serasah mangium dan ekaliptus didapatkan 31 isolat. Hasil seleksi menggunakan uji aktivitas ensim secara kualitatif didapatkan 19 isolat digolongkan dalam kelompok fungi pelapuk putih dan 12 isolat kemungkinan termasuk kelompok fungi pelapuk cokelat.

BUDIDAYA JAMUR PERUSAK KAYU I. PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN DEDAK TERHADAP PRODUKSI JAMUR TIRAM Sihati Suprapti
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 5, No 6 (1988): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.1988.5.6.337-339

Oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) was cultivated on sawdust of four wood species, i.e. teak (Tectona grandis L.f.), rubber (Hevea brasiliensis .Muell. Arg.), kemang (Mangifera caesia Jack) and meranti merah (Shorea johorensis Foxw.) mixed with rice bran containing 5 %, 10 %, 15 %, 20 %, 25 % by weight and distilled water, The substrate was cooled after autoclave sterilization before being inoculated with pure culture of oyster mushroom. The mature mushrooms were harvested daily after the growth of fruiting body.Relative high yield was obtained from rubber (146.92 g) and kemang (122.77 g), the lower yield was obtained from teak (73.84 g) and the lowest from meranti merah (58.82 g) per 500 g media. .Rice bran supplement seems to improve mushroom yield. The lowest yield i.e; obtained from sawdust substrate mixed with 5 % rice bran (65.78 g). Rice bran supplementation of 10 - 25 % gave non significant different yield (80.30 - 88.86 g) per 500 g media.The average Biological Efficiency (BE) of entire treatments were obtained from rubber 64.27 % (45.24 - 79.84 %) and kemang 61.66 % (56.84 - 74.25 %). The lower BE was obtained from teak 29.53 % (25.86 - 33.92 %) and meranti merah 24.70 % (0 - 40.22 %).

PEMBUDIDAYAAN JAMUR TIRAM PADA SERBUK GERGAJI DARI LIMA JENIS KAYU Sihati Suprapti
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 5, No 4 (1988): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.1988.5.4.207-210

The result of oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) cultivation on sawdust of five wood species i.e. jeungjing (Albizia falcataria (L.) Foeb.), rubber (Hevea brasiliensis Muell. Arg. ), pulai (Alstonia scholaris R.Br.), pine (Pinus merkusii Jungh et De Vr.) and weru (Albizia procera Benth) is reported in this paper. The compositions of the media were 97.5 % sawdust, 92.5 % sawdust + 5 % rice bran, 87.5 % sawdust +10 % rice bran, 82.5 % sawdust+ 15 % rice bran, and 77.5 % sawdust + 20 % rice bran. Each of the media was mixed with 1.5 % gypsum, 0.5 % three superphosphate (TSP), 0.5% lime and sufficient distilled water. The media was allowed to cool after sterilization before being inoculated with pure culture of mushroom. The mature mushroom were harvested daily after the growth of fruiting body. The media start producing fungus two months after inoculation. The mean yield of entire treatments were obtained from rubber: 225.86 g (146 - 261.8 g), weru : 199.28 g (23.2 - 264. 7 g), pulai: 162.4 g (67.2 - 231.2 g), jeungjing : 142.73 g (33.6 - 236.8 g) and pine : 80.97g (0 - 161.6 g) per 500 g media. The yield of mushroom cultivated. in PVC plastic bag was better than that using HD plastic bag. The rice bran supplement seems to improve mushroom yield. The average Biological Efficiency of entire treatments were obtained from weru : 90.83% (11.82-122.38 %), rubber: 88.11 % (58.04 -104.07%), pulai: 87.61% (39.38-121.38 %), jeungjing : 73.74 % (22.76-118.4 %), and pine : 28.62 % (0 - 60.6 %).

KETAHANAN KAYU MANGIUM (Acacia mangium Willd.) TERHADAP SEBELAS JAMUR PELAPUK KAYU Sihati Suprapti
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 20, No 3 (2002): Buletin Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2002.20.3.187-193

Fungi resistance of 5, 8 and 11 year old sap and heart Acacia mangium Willd wood, taken from Parungpanjang (West Java Province) and Serang (Banten Province) were evaluated using modified DIN 52176 standard. The result showed that wood samples from Parungpanjang was classified as moderately resistant to resistant (class III-II), while those from Serang district as non resistant (class IV). Both the sap and heart wood had similar resistance (i.e. class III). The percentage of the weight loss of the heart wood was lower than that of the sap wood. The lowest weight loss was found on 11 year old samples, taken from Parungpanjang district. The highest weight loss was found on 8 year old samples from the same area and on 11 year old samples from Serang. The most virulent fungus was Coriolus versicolor followed by Tyromyces palustris, Polyporus sp. HHB-209, Pycnoporus sanguineus HHB-324, Schizophyllum commune HHB-204, Postia placenta. The less virulent ones were Dacryopinax spathularia, Chaetomium globosum, Pycnoporus sanguineus HHB-8149, and Phlebia brevispora The highest weight loss was recorded on the sap wood of 8 year old samples from Parungpanjang exposed to Lentinus lepideus culture, the lowest was on the heart wood (from the trees of the same age and origin) exposed to D. spathularia culture. The resistance of wood could be affected by the tree-growth site, age, position in the log, species and strain of fungi

PERTUMBUHAN JAMUR KUPING (AURICULARIA POLYTRICA) PADA DELAPAN JENIS KAYU Sihati Suprapti; Ginuk Sumarni
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 4, No 4 (1987): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.1987.4.4.67-69

Ear mushroom (Auricularia polytrica) was cultivated on logs of eight wood species i.e. hamerang (Ficus grossularoides Burn. f.), jeungjing (Albizia falcataria (L.) Fosb.), kihuut (Vernonia arborea Ham.), kipiit (Maesa ramentacea Wall.), manii (Maesopsis eminii Engl.), sehang (Ficus padana Burn. f.), seuseureuhan (Piper aduncum L.) and teureup (Artocarpus elastica Reinw. ). The logs were kept slanted on an angle of ± 60° with bamboo supports in shady site under trees at Gunung Bunder, Bogor.The mature mushroom was harvested every day after the growth of the fruiting body. The logs start producing fungus two months after inoculation. The highest harvested was obtained at fourth month of observation. The higher total yield of ear mushroom during the six months observation was obtained from seuseureuhan log (59.537 kg), sehang (28.08 kg), manii (16.056 kg) and hamerang log (14.838 kg) per m3 of log. The lower total yield was obtained from kipiit log (11.2 kg), kihuut (9.813 kg), jeungjing (4.526 kg) and teureup (2.441 kg) per m3 of log.

BUDIDAYA JAMUR PERUSAK KAYU III. BUDIDAYA AURICULARIA POLYTRICA PADA DOLOK LIMA JENIS KAYU Sihati Suprapti
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 5, No 6 (1988): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.1988.5.6.375-377

Ear mushroom (Auricularia polytrica) was cultivated on logs of five wood species, i.e. hamerang (Ficus grossularoides Burn.f.), jeungjing (Albizia falcataria (L.) Fosb.), jirak (Symplocos fasciculata Zoll.), kihuut (Vernonia arborea Ham.) and manii (Maesopsis eminii Engl.). The logs were kept slanted on an angle of ± 60° with bamboo supports in a 1.5 m by 2 m room roofed with bamboo plait, at Bogor. The mature mushroom was harvested daily after the growth of the fruiting body.The logs start producing fungus two months after inoculation. The highest harvest was obtained at fourth month of observation. The average yield per month per m3 of log was obtained from kihuut (15.69 kg), jeungjing (10.76 kg), manii (9,46 kg), hamerang (8.59 kg) and jirak (1.29 kg).After seven month observation, an average yield of 1.05 kg log (kihuut), 0. 725 kg (jeungjing), 0.556 kg (manii), 0.349 kg (hamerang], and 0.125 kg (jirak) were obtained. Relative high total yield of ear mushroom during the seven month observation was obtained from kihuut (109.84 kg), jeungjing (75.285 kg), manii (66.202 kg), hamerang (60.103 kg) and the lowest total yield was on jirak (9.036 kg) per m3 of log.

KETAHANAN EMPAT JENIS KAYU HUTAN TANAMAN TERHADAP BEBERAPA JAMUR PERUSAK KAYU Sihati Suprapti; Krisdianto Krisdianto
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 24, No 4 (2006): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Pada umumnya kayu dari hutan tanaman memiliki diameter kecil dan mudah terserang jamur perusak kayu. Ketahanan empat jenis kayu hutan tanaman (Acacia aulacocar pa A. Cunn., Acacia auriculiformis A. Cunn., Acacia crassicarpa A. Cunn., dan Eucalyptus pellita F.v.M.) diuji terhadap jamur menggunakan standar DIN 52176 yang telah dimodifikasi. Contoh uji dibagi dalam dua kelompok secara radial, yaitu bagian tepi dan dalam dolok. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kayu Acacia aulacocar pa dan Eucalyptus pellita termasuk kelompok kayu agak-tahan (kelas III) dan kayu Acacia auriculiformis dan Acacia crassicarpa termasuk kelompok kayu tidak-tahan (kelas IV).Berdasarkan dua kelompok contoh uji, kehilangan berat kayu bagian dalam sebesar 6,3% (kelas III) lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan kehilangan berat kayu bagian tepi sebesar 12,4% (kelas IV). Kehilangan berat tertinggi (36,8%) terjadi pada bagian tepi kayu Acacia crassicarpa yang diletakkan pada biakan Polyporus sp. Sedangkan kehilangan berat terendah (0,8%) terjadi pada bagian dalam kayu Acacia crassicarpa yang diletakkan pada biakan Pycnoporus sanguineus HHB-8149. Berdasarkan kemampuan jamur untuk melapukkan kayu, kemampuan tertinggi dijumpai pada Tyromyces palustris, kemudian diikuti Polyporus sp., Pycnoporus sanguineus HHB-324, dan Schizophyllum commune.

HUBUNGAN KETAHANAN KAYU TERHADAP JAMUR DENGAN KERAPATAN DAN PENGKARATAN LOGAM Sihati Suprapti; Abdurahman Abdurahman; Djarwanto Djarwanto
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 38, No 1 (2020): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2020.38.1.27-39

Komponen konstruksi kayu biasanya dihubungkan dengan sekrup atau baut yang terbuat dari bahan logam, sehingga ketahanan terhadap pengkaratan menjadi penting. Ketahanan kayu, dan pengkaratan sekrup logam yang berikatan dengan kayu diuji terhadap jamur menggunakan metode Kolle-flask. Kerapatan kayu diuji mengacu standar DIN-2135-(1975). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kayu Diospyros korthalsiana dikategorikan ke dalam kelompok kayu tidak-tahan (kelas IV), Tetramerista glabra diklasifikasikan ke dalam kelompok kayu agak-tahan (kelas III), sedangkan Shorea teysmanniana, Palaquium burckii dan Aglaia argentea termasuk kayu-tahan (kelas II). Kehilangan berat kayu teras lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan kehilangan berat kayu gubal, namun kedua bagian termasuk kelompok kayu agak tahan. Terjadi hubungan antara kerapatan dengan kehilangan berat kayu, semakin tinggi kerapatan kayu semakin rendah kehilangan beratnya. Rata-rata kehilangan berat kayu yang disekrup lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan kayu tanpa sekrup. Kehilangan berat kayu yang berikatan dengan sekrup tertinggi dijumpai pada kayu Palaquium burckii yang disekrup dan diumpankan kepada Polyporus sp. Sedangkan kehilangan berat sekrup tertinggi terjadi pada kayu Shorea teysmanniana yang diumpankan Pycnoporus sanguineus. Didapatkan bubuk karat terbanyak dalam kayu Tetramerista glabra yang diumpankan kepada Tyromyces palustris. Delapan jenis jamur memiliki kemampuan sedang dan dua jenis berkemampuan rendah dalam melapukkan kayu. Sedangkan kemampuan jamur dalam merusak sekrup tertinggi dijumpai pada P. sanguineus. Berat bubuk karat akibat pengkaratan oleh aktivitas empat jamur (Chaetomium globosum, P. sanguineus, S. commune dan T. palustris) hampir sama.

KETAHANAN LIMA JENIS KAYU TERHADAP BEBERAPA JAMUR PERUSAK KAYU Sihati suprapti; djarwanto djarwanto; hudiansyah hudiansyah
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 22, No 4 (2004): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

The resistance of five wood species originated frim west java were evaluated using DIN52176-modified standard.wood sample were divided into two groups radially,namely outer andInner parts of log.results showed that bengkal wood(nauclea orientalis L.). mindi (melia dubiacav.)and biantaro(cerbera sp.) were moderately resistant against several fungal attack (class III).whereas .jaran (lannea coromandclica merr.) and waru (hibiscus tiliaceus L.)were not resistant (class IV). Weigtht loss percentage of the inner part of log was lower than that of the auter part.the highest weight los was encountered on the inner part of jaran exposed tocorioulus versicolor culture (52.26%).while the lowest was found on the inner part of waru exposed to pycnoporus sanguincus HHB-8149 (0.53%) the most severe attacks were perfomed by corilus versicolor.followed by pycnoporus sanguineus HHB-324,tyroyces palustri,and polyporus sp.

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