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HUBUNGAN KETAHANAN KAYU TERHADAP JAMUR DENGAN KERAPATAN DAN PENGKARATAN LOGAM Sihati Suprapti; Abdurahman Abdurahman; Djarwanto Djarwanto
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 38, No 1 (2020): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2020.38.1.27-39

Abstract

Komponen konstruksi kayu biasanya dihubungkan dengan sekrup atau baut yang terbuat dari bahan logam, sehingga ketahanan terhadap pengkaratan menjadi penting. Ketahanan kayu, dan pengkaratan sekrup logam yang berikatan dengan kayu diuji terhadap jamur menggunakan metode Kolle-flask. Kerapatan kayu diuji mengacu standar DIN-2135-(1975). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kayu Diospyros korthalsiana dikategorikan ke dalam kelompok kayu tidak-tahan (kelas IV), Tetramerista glabra diklasifikasikan ke dalam kelompok kayu agak-tahan (kelas III), sedangkan Shorea teysmanniana, Palaquium burckii dan Aglaia argentea termasuk kayu-tahan (kelas II). Kehilangan berat kayu teras lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan kehilangan berat kayu gubal, namun kedua bagian termasuk kelompok kayu agak tahan. Terjadi hubungan antara kerapatan dengan kehilangan berat kayu, semakin tinggi kerapatan kayu semakin rendah kehilangan beratnya. Rata-rata kehilangan berat kayu yang disekrup lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan kayu tanpa sekrup. Kehilangan berat kayu yang berikatan dengan sekrup tertinggi dijumpai pada kayu Palaquium burckii yang disekrup dan diumpankan kepada Polyporus sp. Sedangkan kehilangan berat sekrup tertinggi terjadi pada kayu Shorea teysmanniana yang diumpankan Pycnoporus sanguineus. Didapatkan bubuk karat terbanyak dalam kayu Tetramerista glabra yang diumpankan kepada Tyromyces palustris. Delapan jenis jamur memiliki kemampuan sedang dan dua jenis berkemampuan rendah dalam melapukkan kayu. Sedangkan kemampuan jamur dalam merusak sekrup tertinggi dijumpai pada P. sanguineus. Berat bubuk karat akibat pengkaratan oleh aktivitas empat jamur (Chaetomium globosum, P. sanguineus, S. commune dan T. palustris) hampir sama.
KETAHANAN LIMA JENIS KAYU TERHADAP BEBERAPA JAMUR PERUSAK KAYU Sihati suprapti; djarwanto djarwanto; hudiansyah hudiansyah
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 22, No 4 (2004): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2004.22.4.239-246

Abstract

The resistance of five wood species originated frim west java were evaluated using DIN52176-modified standard.wood sample were divided into two groups radially,namely outer andInner parts of log.results showed that bengkal wood(nauclea orientalis L.). mindi (melia dubiacav.)and biantaro(cerbera sp.) were moderately resistant against several fungal attack (class III).whereas .jaran (lannea coromandclica merr.) and waru (hibiscus tiliaceus L.)were not resistant (class IV). Weigtht loss percentage of the inner part of log was lower than that of the auter part.the highest weight los was encountered on the inner part of jaran exposed tocorioulus versicolor culture (52.26%).while the lowest was found on the inner part of waru exposed to pycnoporus sanguincus HHB-8149 (0.53%) the most severe attacks were perfomed by corilus versicolor.followed by pycnoporus sanguineus HHB-324,tyroyces palustri,and polyporus sp.
BUDIDAYA JAMUR PERUSAK KAYU VI. BUDIDAYA PLEUROTUS OSTREATUS PADA DOLOK LIMA JENIS KAYU Sihati Suprapti; Ginuk Sumarni
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 5, No 7 (1988): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.1988.5.7.434-436

Abstract

 Oyster  mushroom   (Pleurotus  ostreatus)  was cultivated   on  logs of  five  wood  species,  i.e.  hamerang  (Ficus  grossularoides  Burn.f.),   jeungjing  (Albizia  falcataria (L.)  Eosb.),   jirak  (Symplocos  fasciculata  Zoll.),  kihuut   (Vernonia arborea Ham.)   and  manii (Maesopsis eminii  Engl.).The logs were kept  in a house, at Gunung Bunder Forest  Complex, Bogor (first experiment)    and  under  soka  trees  in Bogor (second  experiment).The  logs start producing   fungus  two  months  after  inoculation. After  eight month  observation, the highest yield per log was obtained  from  manii 1139.90   g (in a house) and  1171.62 g (under soka trees; and the lowest yield was on jirak (0.99 g).                                                                               Total  yield  during  the experiment   per  m  of  log,  under  soka  trees was higher than that  cultivated  in a house Manii and  hamerang  logs probably belong  to  media  for  oyster   mushroom   than  other  species
BUDIDAYA JAMUR PERUSAK KAYU II. PENILAIAN EFISIENSI BIOLOGI PADA MEDIA DARI LIMA BELAS JENIS KAYU Sihati Suprapti
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 5, No 6 (1988): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.1988.5.6.357-359

Abstract

Oyster  mushroom was cultivated on sawdust media  of  damar (Agathis  sp), durian (Durio  zibethinus Murr.),  teak. (Tectona  grandis  L.f),  jeungjing (Albizia  falcataria  (L.)   Fosb.),   rubber  (Hevea  brasiliensis Muell.  Arg.), coconut  (Cocos nucifera L.),  kemang  (Mangifera  caesia  Jack),   manii (Maesopsis eminii Engl.),   meranti  merah  (Shorea  johorensis Foxw.), nangka  (Artocarpus  integra  Merr.),   pulai  (Alstonia   scholaris R.Br.),    sehiye  (Sterculia macrophylla Vent.),   shiega  (Celtis latifolia Planch.),   sihara (Ganophyllum falcatum BL.)   and pine  (Pinus  merkusii Jung  et  De  Vr.). The  composition   of  the media  was  77,5  % sawdust   mixed   with  20  % rice  bran,   0,5 % lime,  0,5 % trisuperhosphate   and 1,5 % gypsum.  Each media  was mixed   with  distilled   water 125  - 150 % per dry  weight  of  media.  The  media  was  cooled  after  autoclave sterilization    before being  inoculated   with  pure  culture   of  the  mushroom. The  mature   mushroom    was harvested   daily after  the growth  of  the  fruiting  body.  Biological  Efficiency (BE) was calculated  based on the yield  of fresh  mushroom   in proportion  with  the  dry  weight  of  material  used  as media.The  higher BE  was obtained  from  rubber wood   sawdust   media  (86.15  %),  nangka (66.26 %),  kemang  (63,85%) and pulai  (63.52).  The  lowest  BE  was obtained  from damar  (28.22 %).
PEMBUDIDAYAAN JAMUR KUPING PADA SEBELAS JENIS KAYU Sihati Suprapti
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 5, No 3 (1988): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.1988.5.3.101-103

Abstract

he  ear mushroom,   Auricularia polytrica (Basidiomycetes: Auriculariaceae)   was cultivated   on  logs of eleven  wood species,  i.e.   hamerang  (Ficus  grossularoides Burn, f.), jeungjing  (Albizia  falcataria (L.)   Fosb.),  kaliandra (Calliandra calothyrsus Meissn.),  kihuut (Vernonia  arborea   Ham.), kipiit (Maesa ramentacea Wall.), kiwates   (Eurya  acuminata AP. DC.),  manii  (Maesopsis eminii  Engl.),   sehang (Ficus  padana  Burn.  f.),   seuseureuhan   (Piper  aduncum  L.),   teureup  (Artocarpus  elastica  Reinw.)   dan  tusam  (Pinus  merkusii Jung  et de Vr.).   The logs were kept   slanted  on an angle of ± 60°  with bamboo  supports   in a mushroom  house,  at Gunung Bunder  forest  complex,  Bogor.  The mature  mushroom  were harvested daily  after  the growth  of  the fruiting  body.The  logs start  producing   fungus   two  months   after  inoculation.   The  average yield per  log during  the seven  month observation   was 412.15  g  (sehang),  302.43  g  (manii),   251.6   g  (seuseureuhan),   243.6 g  (kihuut).   The  lower  yield   was 28.85  g (kiwates),  12 g (jeungjing) and 8.85  (tusam).After seven  month  observation,  the higher total yield  was obtained  from  manii (83.18  kg),  seuseureuhan  (79.97 kg), sehang  (76.91 kg),  kihuut   (69.09 kg)  perm3 of  log. The  lower  total  yield  per m3 of  log was obtained  from  kaliandra (29.35 kg),  teureup (22.75 kg),  kiwates  (11.98 kg),  Jeungjing  (4.45kg) and the lowest  total yield  was on tusam  (1.87 kg). 
BUDIDAYA JAMUR PERUSAK KAYU V. BUDIDAYA PLEUROTUS FLABELLATUS PADA ENAM JENIS KAYU Sihati Suprapti; Ginuk Sumami
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 5, No 7 (1988): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.1988.5.7.410-412

Abstract

Pink oyster   mushroom (Pleurotus  flabellatus)  was  cultivated   on  logs of  six  wood  species,   i.e.  hamerang  (Ficus grossularoides Burn.f.),  jeungjing   (Albizia   falcataria   (L.)  Fosb.),  jirak  (Symplocos fasciculata Zoll.), kihuut   (Vernonia arborea  Ham.),   manii  (Maesopsis eminii  Engl.)  and seuseureuhan   (Piper aduncum L.).  The  logs were  kept  slanted  on an angle of  ± 60°  with  bamboo  supports   in a house  at Gunung Bunder  Forest  Complex, Bogor,  The mature  mushroom   were harvested  daily.The logs start producing  fungus  two  months  after inoculation. The average yield per log during one year observation was 581.8 g (hamerang,) 178.83g (manii),  69.23g (jeungjing), 25.47  g (kihuut), 19.44g  (jirak), and 18.47 g (seuseureuhan).The average yield  per month  per  m3 of log was obtained  from  hamerang  7.52 kg,  man ii 1. 72 kg, jeungjing  0.58 6 kg, seuseureuhan   0.44  kg.  jirak  0.321 kg and kihuut   0.244  kg.The total yield  in one year observation  was obtained  from  hamerang  (90.20 kg),  manii (20.67 kg), jeungjing  (7.03 kg),  seuseureuhan (5.3kg), jirak  (3.85kg)  and kihuut (2.93  kg) per  m3  of log.
KERENTANAN TIGA JENIS ROTAN KOMERSIL TERHADAP SERANGAN JAMUR Sihati Suprapti
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 6, No 3 (1989): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.1989.6.3.194-197

Abstract

The  result  of  a  study   on  the  susceptibility    of  rattan  to  fungal  attack.   Three  rattan  species  i.e.   irit (Calamus  trachy- coleus  Becc.),   manau  (C.  manan  Miq.)  and  semambu   (C. scipionum Lour.)   both peeled  and  unpeeled  were kept  out  door. Fungal  infestation   was than  observed  after  one,  two,   four  and  eight  week  periods.  At  the end of experiment,   each rattan sample  was split  into  two  halves to observe  internal  discoloration.   The result showes  that  irit was most  susceptible   to stain attack   and  infestation   on peeled  cane seems  to  be more  severe  compared   with  unpeeled  ones.  The  average rate of  infes- tation  of  the  rattan  species  studied was  10.59   % (4.65  -   14,92  %) per  week.   The  lowest  and  highest  rate of  infestation were shown  respectively   by  unpeeled  manau and peeled  irit rattan.  It was also revealed  that  93.33  % of  the  test speciments were  internally  stained,   of  which  46.67  % were badly stained.  Semambu  rattan seems  to  beresistant  to fungal  infestation, most  of  which showing  low degree  of  internal stain.
KETAHANAN TIGA JENIS KAYU UNTUK BANTALAN REL KERETA API TERHADAP JAMUR PERUSAK KAYU SECARA LABORATORIS Djarwanto Djarwanto; Sihati Suprapti
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 22, No 4 (2004): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2004.22.4.215-221

Abstract

Wood still performs as the main materials for  railway sleepers, especially at their connected portions,  cross and bridge.  So far, wood has not yet been effectively substituded by other materials. However,  wood based railway sleepers are susceptible to deterioration by the decaying fungi.  This study examined,  the decay resistance of three wood species i.e.  bangkirai (Shorea laevis),  meranti batu  (Shorea  platyclados)  and rasamala  (Altingia exelsa).  Samples  were  evaluated  against  the decayingfungi  in a laboratory experiment using DIN 52176-modified standard.Results  indicated that bangkirai and meranti batu were classified  resistance against fungalattacks (Class II), whereas, rasamala was categorized moderately resistant (Class III).  The weight loss percentage  of rasamala was higher than those of bangkirai and meranti batu.   The ability of fungus  to degrade certain wood was depended upon kinds of wood and fungus  itself. Fungi with significant decay ability were Pycnoporus sanguineus HHB-324, Schizophyllum commune, Polyporus sp.,  Trametes sp. and Tyromyces palustris.The highest  weight losses were recorded on  samples exposed  consecutively  to Pycnoporussanguineus and Schizophyllum commune. 
PEMBUDIDAYAAN JAMUR TIRAM PUTIH (PLEUROTUS OSTREATUS) DENGAN MEDIA LIMBAH KAYU Sihati Suprapti
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 4, No 3 (1987): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.1987.4.3.50-53

Abstract

Wood waste such as sawdust, leaves of legume plants  such as turi (Sesbania  grandiflora  Pers.) and lamtoro  gung (Leucaena   leucocephala (Lam.)  de Wit.)  were used as substrates for  oyster mushroom,  Pleurotus  ostreatus  cultivation. The substrate consisted of rubber wood sawdust (Hevea brasiliensis Muell. Arg.) mixed  with turi  or lamtoro gung leaves containing  50%, 100%, 150%, 200%, by weight and distilled  water. The substrate was allowed to cool after autoclave sterilization  before  being inoculated  with pure  culture oyster  mushroom.The mushroom was harvested  every day after  the growth  of the fruiting body. The average yield  of  the entire  treatments  was 643.00 g (532. 29- 744. 69 g) per kg of dry weight of substrate.  The highest product  was obtained from  rubber wood sawdust substrate  mixed  with 10% turi leaf.
PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN PUPUK TERHADAP PRODUKSI JAMUR TIRAM Sihati Suprapti
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 6, No 4 (1989): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.1989.6.4.226-230

Abstract

The media used in the experiment were sawdust of eight wood species mixed with 1% calcium carbonate (CaC03), 1% gypsum, 0.5% fertilizers i.e. urea, ammonium sulphate (ZA), KCL, NPK and trisuperphosphate (TSP) and distilled water, respectively. The substrate was cooled after autoclave sterilization before being inoculated with pure culture of oyster mushroom. The mature mushrooms were harvested daily after the growth of fruiting body.The media started producing mushroom two months after inoculation (28 - 45 days). The highest yield was obtained from rubberwood sawdust mixed with ZA (362.43 g) and the lowest yield was on teak sawdust containing urea (90.14 g) per 500 grams media. Media from rubberwood, weru, jeungjing and pulai sawdust were suitable for mushroom culture. Fertilizer supplement seems to improve mushroom yield. ZA, urea were more effective than KCL fertilizer for mushroom production.The average Biological Efficiency (BE) of entire treatments was 84.32% (35.25-140.23%). The relatively high BE was obtained from weru, rubber and jeungjing and the lowest BE was on teak sawdust media.
Co-Authors Abdurahman Abdurahman Djarwanto Djarwanto Dominicus Martono Ginuk Sumami Ginuk Sumarni hudiansyah hudiansyah Krisdianto Krisdianto Ridwan A Pasaribu Sri Komarayati