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PENYULINGAN KULIT MASOI (CINNAMOMUM XANTHONEURON BL) BAGIAN 1 (Distillation of Masoi bark (Cinnamomum xanthoneuron BL.). Part I) PENGARUB CARA DAN WAKTU PENYULINGAN KULIT MASOI (The effect of distilling method and time) Abdul Hakim Lukman; Bambang Wiyono; Poedji Hestoeti
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 9, No 7 (1991): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.1991.9.7.291-293

This paper describes a preliminary experiment on the effect of dilstillation method and time on yield of The methods applied were cohobation and water-steam method with distilling times of 3, 9, 18, 30 and 36 hours, consecutivety. The result shows that the distilling time and method appears to have a highly significant effect on oil yisld and the cohobation methad produces higher oil yield compared with water-steam distillation.

PENGAROH DISTILASI.FRAKSIONASI BUNGAKENANGA TEJU{ADAP BILANGAN ESTER DAN SIFAT MINYAKNYA Bambang Wiyono; Abdul Hakim Lukman
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 8, No 5 (1991): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.1991.8.5.181-184

The purpose of this research is to study the effect of fractional diatillation of cananga flower from Boyolalion the ester number and the oil properties. The properties were then evalw;ited based on the Ifido1U.1Bian Industrial Starrdard requirement for cananga oil. The fint (ractiOn was obtained during the fint 0 - 6 houn distilling time, the second fraction was from 6 - 10 houn, and third fraction '(rOm 11 - 15 hours." .The raulta showed that the ester number of oil ('r(lctiom and the refractive index of the second and third fractions have met with the 1ndonesian Industrial Standard requirement. The speci(ie gravity of oil fractions, hOwever, have not met with that standa~ 'ester number of the fint fraction had a higher value than that ot the secorid fraction, and gradually lower value for• the third fraction. It was found from this study- that the lint fraction obtained from cananga oil distillation renders the highest quality oil.

PENGARUH CARA PENGOLAHAN DAN BENTUK BAHAN TEMULAWAK (Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb) SEGAR TERHADAP MUTU PRODUK KERINGNYA Erra Yusnita; Abdul Hakim Lukman
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 17, No 2 (1999): Buletin Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.1999.17.2.67-76

Temulawak (Curcuma xanthorrhiza Raxb), sebagai tanaman asli berasal dari pulau Jawa (Indonesia), telah banyak dimanfaatkan untuk obat-obatan tradisional dan industri kecil makanan dan minuman. Disamping itu, komoditi temulawak ini telah banyak pula diekspor ke luar negeri. Dalam pengolahannya menjadi produk temulawak bermanfaat, pengeringan merupakan salah satu tahapan yang diterapkan. Pengeringan ini biasanya dilakukan secara alami dengan memanfaatkan panas sinar matahari. Sayangnya cara ini memiliki beberapa kelemahan, seperti sukar diatur, dan mudah diserangjamur serta mengalami kontaminasi. Oleh sebab itu, adanya modifikasi cara pengeringan perlu dilaksanakan yaitu dengan menerapkan perlakuan pendahuluan perebusan atau pengukusan. Disamping itu adanya cara pengirisan temulawak juga dilaksanakan yang diharapkan dapat mempengaruhi efektifitas kedua perlakuan tersebut.Hasil memunjukan bahwa baik perebusan atau pengukusan cenderung meningkatkon kadar air, kadar pati dan zat sari larut air dibandingkan dengan tanpa kedua perlakuan tersebut . Selanjutnya pengirisan menghasilkan zat sari larut air yang lebih tinggi daripada tanpa pengirisan. Dilain hal adanya perlakuan perebusan atau pengukusan serta cara pengirisan tak berpengaruh secara nyata tehadap kadar abu, lemak, serat kasar dan protein. Adanya reaksi pewarnaan khusus yang positif memunjukan bahwa adanya zat berkhasiat dalam temulawak seperti pati dan minyak atsiri.

PERCOBAAN PEMBUATAN LAK KUNING DENGAN PROSES PELARUTAN Abdul Hakim Lukman; Toga Silitonga
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 5, No 3 (1988): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Shellac can be produced by two different procedures, namely heat process and solvent process: Ordinarily, domestic shellac produced by heat process, while imported one (from India) by solvent process. Solvent process yields shellac much purer than heat processed, with relatively better properties.The physicochemical properties of shellac produced in this experiment, i.e.: moisture content 2. 36%, ash content 0.15%, matter soluble in water 0.43%, matter soluble in cold alcohol 97.86%, acid number 46.81 and Iod number 16.39. Shellac from fabric manufacturing have its properties i.e.: moisture content 4.03%, ash content 0.27%, matter soluble in water 3.26%, matter soluble in cold alcohol 89.14%, acid number 41.01 and Iod number 31.35.Result of LSD test between experiment shellac and shellac from fabric are reveal highly significant different for ash content, matter soluble in water, matter soluble in cold alcohol and Iod number, but is not significantly different for the other properties.

ANALISIS KOMPONEN KIMIA MINYAK KAYU CENDANA HASIL PENYULINGAN METODE KUKUS Abdul Hakim Lukman; Bambang Wiyono
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 10, No 1 (1992): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.1992.10.1.1-6

The purpose of this research is to identify the chemical components of sandalwood oil by using the Gas Chromato- graphy. The sandalwood oil was obtained by steam and water distillation of sandalwood particles which are passina and not passing through a 40 mesh screener, each for 18 and 24 hours distilling times. The identification of the peak of chemical components were done by comparing. the relatioe retention time of the peak of chemical components to that of the chemical so.lution standard, The peak area of each chemical component was calculated .by normalizaion method.The result showed that the distilling of sandalwood particles not passing 40 mesh screener for 18 and 24 hour distilling times each produced oils having as many as 26 and 28 peaks of chemical components respect wely. On the other hand, the particles passing 40 mesh screener. distilled for 18 and 24 hours exhibited as many es 28 peaks. Nevertheles. only eight chemical components could be identified from them, they are: a-pinene limonene α.santalene terpineol-4, ϐ-santalene nerolido L B-santaloL. and farnesol. Teroineo 1-4. nerolidol. B.santalol and farnesol camponents constituled the sandalwood oii: Those where usually categoried as the total santalol. The sandalwood oil distilled from the larger particles not passing 40 mesh screener for 18 and 24 hour distilling times contained the total santalol of 79. 81 a,nd 81. 45 percent, respectively. Furtheremore, the particles passing 40 mesh screener distilled for 18 and 24 hours produced oil containing 81, 74 and 80.88 percent of total santalol for each distilling time.

PENGOLAHAN TIGA JENIS ROTAN DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN BERBAGAI KOMPOSISI CAMPURAN MINYAK PEMASAK Abdul Hakim Lukman; Zulnely Zulnely
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 17, No 3 (2000): Buletin Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Pengolahan tiga jenis rotan dari Jawa Barat yaitu rota pelah (Daemonorops rubra BI.), rotan seel (D. melanochaetes BI) dan rotan seuti (Calamus ornatus BI) dengan cara menggorengnya di dalam campuran minyak tanah dan minyak kepala sawit pada perbandingan 4:0; 4:1; 4:2; dan 4:3. Kondisi penggorengan adalah suhu pemanas 130ºC dan lamanya 20 menit. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mencari komposisi campuran minyak kelapa sawit da minyak tanah sebagai minyak penggoreng rotan yang terbaik.Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa komposisi minyak penggoreng memberikan pengaruh yang nyata terhadap berat jenis, kadar air, keteguhan lentur statis danketeguhan tekan sejajar serat. Sedangkan untuk jenis rotan hanya berpengaruh pada berat jenis saja. Dari percobaan jg diperoleh bahwa berat jenis rotan seuti (0,51) lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan rotan pelah 0,44) dan rotan seel (0,47). Kondisi penggorengan yang baik diperoleh pada campuran minyak tanah dan minyak kelapa sawit dengan perbandingan 4:2. Pada kondisi tersebut dihasilkan rotan dengan sifat-sifat tertentu yaitu berat jenis (0,46; 0,51; dan 0,50 berturut-turut untk jenis rotan pelah, seel, dan seuti; kadar air (13,58%; 13,85% dan 13,26% untuk pelah, seel, dan seuti); keteguhan lentur statis (249,46 kg/cm2 , 313,43 kg/cm2, dan 292,19 kg/cm2 untuk pelah, seel, dan seuti); dan keteguhan tekan serta (212,96 kg/cm2, 245,42 kg/cm2, dan 205,41 kg/cm2 untuk pelah, seel, dan seuti). Disarankan untuk menggoreng rotan dengan campuran minyak tanah dan minyak kelapa sawit menggunakan perbandingan 4:2 pada suhu 130ºC selama 20 menit.

ANALISIS KIMIA DAUN PINUS DAN PEMANFAATANNYA Bambang Wiyono; Abdul Hakim Lukman
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 6, No 2 (1989): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

At present, pine needles have no commercial value. The needles are fire hazard to both natural and plantation grown trees when they accumulate on the ground, couple with inhibition of the growth of the surrounding trees. The research purpose is to determine chemical component of pine needles of three pine i.e Pinus merkusii, P. caribaea, and P. insularis. This endeavor is conducted to explore a wider of such material.The results indicated that the moisture content of P. merkusii, P. caribaea, and P. insularis needles were 4.69 %,3.54 %, and 14.79 % respectively; cellulose content being 12.31 %, 17.19 %, and 18.54 %; lignin content 29.46%,39.54, and 26.65 %; pentosan content 7.04 %, 5. 78 %, and 12.11 %; ash content 3.06 %, 2.40 %, and 7.30 %; silica content 0.44 %, 0.48 %, and 0.19 %; acidity 5.32, 5.33, and 6.15; solubility in cold water 23.38 %, 23.09 %, and 17.84 %; solubility in hot water 26.51 %, 29.62 %, and 17.82 %; solubility in alcohol-benzene (1 : 2) 19.30 %, 19.14 %, and 11.08 %. Based on this component, the pine needles may be utilized as sources of raw materail for production of glucose, fructose, ethanol, ethylene, pine needle oil for pharmaceutical and perfumery industries, etc. The needles can also be used as raw material for gasification and anaerobic fermentation processes for energy production.

PENGARUH PENGUKUSAN DAN PERAJANGAN DAUN GAMBIR (Uncaria gambir ROXB) TERHADAP MUTU EKSTRAK GAMBIR Zulnely Zulnely; Abdul Hakim Lukman
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 12, No 6 (1994): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

This experiment is 10 study the effect of steaming duration and chopping sizes of gambier leaves (Uncaria gambir ROXB) on both yield and quality.The steaming duration of the samples were conducted at 30,40, 60 and 75 minutes and tire chopping sizes of tire sample consisted of 0.5-1 cm, 2-3 cm, 4-6 cm, and unchopping, The results were analyzed using the factorial design with two replicates and the difference between means were tested with multiple range Duncan "s test.The results showed than the steaming duration and the chopping sizes had a significant effect on the yield, catechin consent, insoluble matter and insoluble matter in alcohol. Combination of 0.5-1 cm chopping size and 30 minutes steaming duration was the best treatment. This combination produced 10.34 % yield of gambier ext. act, 75.82% catechin content, 11.34 % moisture content, 4.75 % ash content, 4.86 % insoluble matter, and 12.03 % insoluble matter in alcohol.

PERCOBAAN PEMUTIBAN TEPUNG SAGU (METROXYLON SP.) DENGAN KAPORIT Abdul Hakim Lukman
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 9, No 7 (1991): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

The effect of the bleaching of sago flour by calcium hypochlorite solution at several concentration levels (0; 1,5; 2,0; and 2,5 percent) and soaking time (30, 45, and 60 minutes) on sago flour quality were studied at the Forest Product Research and Development Centre Laboratory in Bogor. Results showed that unbleached sago flour when soaked for 60. minutes gave the highest yield (89.48 percent). At 1.5 percent hypochlorite concentration and 30 minutes soaking time, the proximate analysis including moisture, ash, fat, starch, protein and crude fiber contents are consecutively 9.34, 0. 5, 0.28, 87.60, 0.56, and 0. 74 percent. Application of 1.5 percent calcium hypochlorite concentration and 30 minutes soaking time could improved pH value (7. 70), whiteness (83.60 percent) organoleptic color test (5.04), and organoleptic odor test (4.20), while viscosity (17.85 cP), and reduced melanin content down to o. 05 percent.

ANALISIS KOMPONEN KIMIA MINYAK KAYU CENDANA DENGAN KROMATOGRAFI GAS Abdul Hakim Lukman; Bambang Wiyono
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 5, No 7 (1988): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

The purpose of this research is to identify chemical components of sandalwood oil by using the gas chromatography method. This sandalwood oil was obtained by steam and water distillation for 18, 24, and 30 hours distilling times. The condition of the gas chromatography employed was adjusted to : injector temperature 200° C. detector temperature 0° C, initial column temperature 140° C, final temperature column 200° C, speed temperature column 5° C/min, with nitrogen gas as carrier, and the using the flame ionization detector system. The identification of the peak components was done by comparing the relative retention time of the peak component with the peak retention time chemical solution standard. The peak area of each components was calculated by normalization method.The results indicated that chemical components of sandalwood oil, which was produced by the steam and water distillation for 18, 24, and 30 hours, include 0.0391, 0.0271, and 0.0313 % of α-pinene; 0.0065, 0.0034, and 0.0027 % of limonene; 0.9147, 0.7799, and 1.0393 % of α-santalene; 2.4375,1.9802, and 2.3474 % of terpineol 4; 1.2184, 0.7922, and 0. 7921 % of β-santalene; 5. 7263, 3.8800, and 3.9335 % of nerolidol; 48.0481, 51.1802. and 50.3507 % of β-santalol; 22.4367, 24.7127, and 24,2864 % of (arnesol, Unidentified component in each distilling time were 19.1727,15.6443, and 17.2166 %. respectively. The β -santalol component occupies the mayor component of sandalwood oil. The amount of this component at each treating condition was 48.0481 % for 18 hours; 51.1802 % for 24 hours; and 50.3507 % for 30 hours. Terpineol-4, nerolidol, β-santalol. and farnesol components constitute the sandalwood oil and is usually calculated as the total santalol.

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