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Jamal Balfas
pusat penelitian dan pengembangan hasil hutan
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PENGARUH KECANGGIHAN MESIN TERHADAP AKURASI UKURAN KAYU GERGAJIAN Jamal Balfas
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 6, No 5 (1989): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.1989.6.5.331-333

Abstract

This  study   was  carried  out  at  a sawmill  in  Lampung,   Sumatera.   The sawmill  had  two  unit  of  band-headrigs   with different  type  of  machines,   namely  a conventional    mill  and  a modern   one.   The design of  the modern  mill is more  sophis- ticated   in  characteristics   as  figured   in  Table   1.    Accuracy    of  sawn   timber   was  determined    by  comparison    between actual  size  and  target size  of  the  lumber  thickness.   The  data  were  collected   from  measurement   of  1OO pieces  of  lumber selected  randomly   from  each mill production.The  result  showed   that  the  machine  sophistication    has a significant   effect  on sawn  timber  size accuracy.  The more sophisticated   machine   can  give  more  than  10%    benefit   of  sawn  timber  production    compared   to  the  conventional   one. The level of sawing accuracy  on conventional   mill  is 88.15%,     whereas  the  modern  mill could  reach 98.29%.
PENGARUH PENGERJAAN AKHIR TERHADAP STABILITAS DIMENSI KAYU Jamal Balfas
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 12, No 2 (1994): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.1994.12.2.77-83

Abstract

This study was designed to determine the ability of six commercial exterior finishes (2 clear coats and 4 opaque coats) in protecting wood from dimensional changes. Two wood species, jabon (Anthocephalus cadamba Miq.) and mangium (Acacia mangium Willd.) were used in this study. Samples were seasoned to air-dry condition (moisture content of 15-17%) and then divided into groups on the basis of treatments and grain orientation (radial and tangential). Application of each exterior finish was undertaken according to procedures suggested by the finish manufacturer. The effectiveness of treatments to dimensionally stabilize wood was determined by measurements of wood swelling within 72-hours immersion and calculation of anti-swelling efficiency (ASE). Results of observations made to this stage showed that the effect of finishing on wood dimensional stability varied according to wood species, grain orientation and type offinish coat. Finishing had a greater dimensional stabilizing effect on jabon than mangium. Reduction of swelling due to finishing was greater in tangential compared to radial boards. The use of clear coats significantly gave less protection on wood stability than that of opaque coats. Anti-swelling efficiency of all treatments markedly decreased with increasing period of immersion.
KUALITAS KAYU LAMINASI DENGAN PEREKAT TANIN DARI EKSTRAK KULIT KAYU MAHONI Adi Santoso; Efrida Basri; Jamal Balfas
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 38, No 3 (2020): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2020.38.3.151-160

Abstract

Komponen kimia polifenol produk ekstraksi dari kayu mahoni (Swietenia macrophylla) dengan kopolimerisasi resorsinol dan formaldehida dalam kondisi basa, menghasilkan resin yang dapat digunakan sebagai perekat. Tulisan ini menyajikan penggunaan kopolimer tanin dari ekstrak kulit kayu mahoni sebagai perekat kayu laminasi. Metode penelitian mencakup formulasi dan pengujian sifat fisiko-kimia perekat, pembuatan dan pengujian kualitas produk perekatan, dan analisis data. Perlakuan yang dikenakan dalam penelitian ini berupa perbedaan formula perekat, jenis kayu yang digunakan sebagai bahan baku, dan jenis produk yang dibuat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa produk kopolimerisasi tanin ekstrak dari kulit kayu mahoni dapat digunakan sebagai perekat dalam pembuatan kayu laminasi barupa balok (glulam) dan papan lamina (laminated board) dari tiga jenis kayu, yaitu: tusam (Pinus merkusii), jabon (Anthocepalus cadamba), dan sengon (Falcataria moluccana). Kualitas perekatan dan sifat mekanik kedua jenis produk tersebut sebanding dengan produk sejenis berperekat impor serta tergolong tipe eksterior rendah emisi formaldehida katagori F** atau F***, dengan formula perekat T:R:F = (1:0,025:0,1)%, dan T:K:F = (1:0,03:0,1)%.
SIFAT PEMESINAN JENIS KAYU JAWA BARAT Osly Rachman; Jamal Balfas
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 4, No 3 (1987): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.1987.4.3.54-64

Abstract

 This paper presents  the result of test on machining properties  of 28 wood species from  Bogor and Sukabumi, West Java.  The test method used was the modified  ASTM  D-1666 described in the Forest Products  Research Institut  Report No.  160 (1982).   The samples  (25 pieces/species) were dried  to equilibrium moisture  content condition (15  to  18%).  The machining  properties   investigated   were planning, shaping, boring, mortising,  turning and sanding.The species that have good or very good machining properties  are kobari, pasang jambe,  pasang beureum,  mahoni  daun lebar, pentadesma, cloropora,  eucalyptus,  meranti  batu,  pinus  I, mahoni,  mahagoni  and pinus  III.  Species such  as kelumpang,  entorolobium   and  cecropia  are consistenlly poorer. The other species are good in some properties  and fair or poor  in others. 
KARAKTERISTIK PENGGERGAJIAN DAN PEMESINAN KAYU AREN (ARENGA PINNATA) Osly Rachman; Dede Rohadi; Jamal Balfas
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 6, No 3 (1989): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.1989.6.3.145-151

Abstract

This paper discuses the results of study on the sawing and machining characteristics of aren wood (Arenga pinnata). The material used in this study consisted of 26 logs with diameter ranging from 23 cm to 42 cm. These logs were sawn using two cutting patterns, namely live sawing and round sawing. The parameters observed in the sawing procees comprised recovery, productivity  and power consumption.                                                                                              .The result of statistical analysis reveals non significant differences of  the effect  of  the two cutting patterns on sawing recovery and sawing productivity.  On the other hand, the location of bolt within the stem does not seem to have significant effect on power consumption. The average values of recovery, sawing productivity and power consumption of  Aren stem are respectively 13,48%, 6,09 m3/hour and 64,92 watt sec./cm2.The machining characteristic of aren wood was tested  in accordance with the modified ASTM D- 1666 (64).The material for  the test consisted of 25 samples for each machining property tested (planing, shaping, turning, boring and sanding). The result shows that aren wood has good to very good machining characteristic especially in planing, shaping, boring and sanding.
STABILISASI DIMENSI PADA KAYU TANAMAN KARRI (Eucalyptus diversicolor) DAN JARRAH (E. marginata) - Bagian II : Furfurilasi (Dimensional Stabilization on Regrowth Karri (Eucalyptus diversicolor) and Jarrah (E. marginata) Part II : Furfurylation Jamal Balfas
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 11, No 4 (1993): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.1993.11.4.134-136

Abstract

Wood blocks of karri and jarrah measuring 10 mm (radial) x 25 mm (longitudinal) x 100 mm (tarigential) were ovendried for. 48 hours at 105°C prior to treatment. Furfurylation was carried out by soaking wood specimens in a 98. % furfuryl alcohol solution containing 1 % (w/w) of ZnCl2 as catalist. Three soaking times, i.e., 12, 24 and 48 hours were used. Treatment results are expressed in terms of weight (WG) and volumetric (VG) gains. The ability of treatment to dimensionally stabilize wood blocks is expressed as anti- swelling efficiency (ASE). Results showed that furfurylation imparted substantial increase in weight, volume and dimensional stability of both regrowth eucalypts. Alike acetylation (reported earlier in Part I),furfurylation on karri specimens revealed higher weight gain,volumetric gain and ASE than jarrah. The rate of furfurylation significantly increased with increasing soaking time to 48 hours. Although furfurylation imparted a high degree of swelling reductions comparable to those obtained by acetylation, the furfurylated specimens and a lower ability to resist swelling during prolonged wetting exposure.
KETEGUHAN REKAT RESORSINOL FORMALDEHIDA PADA KAYU YANG DIA WETKAN DENGAN CELCURE Jamal Balfas
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 13, No 1 (1995): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.1995.13.1.9-18

Abstract

Production  of laminated  structural  timbers   suitable  for use under severe  conditions  dates back to the development   of resorcinol and phenol-resorcinol   adhesives.    These adhesives  could provide  highly  durable  bonds  with  untreated    wood.     Because  preservative  treatment  of the - wood is commonly  required,   it  became necessary   to  investigate  the effect of the treatment on glue bond strength.This  study  examined  the  shear  strength   of resorcinol formaldehyde on the untreated  and cetcure  treated   timbers.    Additionally,   a mechanical and a chemical surface  activation treat- ments   were   imposed  lo  the  system  prior  lo  gluing.    Species   included for  the  study  were: jeungjing   (Paraserianthes    falcataria   (L.)  Nielsen,   adinandra  (Adinandra brasii  Kobuski) and pala burung (Horsfieldia sylvestris Warrb.).  Defect-free airdried wood slicks measuring  50 mm (radial) x 50 mm (tangential) x 500 mm (longitudinal)  were divided into  two groups,   of which one  group   was celcure-treated    using  an  empty-cell process  and  the  other  was remained  as control.  Each  slick   was  then    cut  into  billets  for  adhesive   lamination.    Surface  activation treatments   were made mechanically by sanding  wood surface with an 80-grit  abrasive  paper, or chemically by smearing wood surface with  IM solution of NaOH approximately 24 h before  gluing.  Resorcinol formaldehyde  was applied  to each surface  at a spread rate of  120  mg/cm2.  Panels  were clamped  at  12   kg/cm2  for  7 h as recommended  by the   adhesive  manufacturer. Each panel  was  cut   into four  shear   specimens,    of  which  two specimens  were  tested   in dry condition   and the remaining  after  24 h immersion  in water at room temperature.    Strength  loss  due to wetting was also determined.Results  showed  that bond strength  of resorcinol formaldehyde varied according  to wood species.    Jeungjing had a weaker bond strength  than adinandra and pala burung.   Preservative treatment  had  no  deteriorating  effects on dry  shear  strength,   but it did  reduce  the wet  shear strength  of  wood laminates. The  application  of surface activation treatments  was more effective on the higher extractive  contained species   (adinandra  and pala  burung) and the  unpreserved laminates.    Surface mechanical  treatment  showed a better improvement on bond strength  than the chemical   treatment.  Jeungjing   experienced  a higher strength  loss during  immersion  than
PENGARUH PENGERASAN MATA GERGAJI TERHADAP BEBERAPA SIFAT PENGGERGAJIAN Osly Rachman; Jamal Balfas
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 5, No 5 (1988): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.1988.5.5.279-286

Abstract

Fifteen  mahogany and  six  agathis logs in fresh  cut  condition were sawn  into  boards  by a  band saw  machine.  Each wood  species  was  sawn  using  three  saw blades  with  different  cutting   edge  hardness  i.e. hand  swaging,  alternate  stellite .  tipping  and  full  stellite   tipping.   Sawing  properties recorded include  power consumption,  cutting   rate  and  sawing  productivity    for each  wood  species and cutting  edge hardness.The  results of  study   showed   that  wood  species  had no significant  difference   in terms  of power   consumption   and cutting  rate.  Meanwhile, sawing productivity   of agathis was higher than mahogany.Furthermore, the cutting  edge hardnes had significant  effect on sawing properties. It  is found that the saw blade with alternate stellite tipping reduced power consumption, and  increased  the  cutting rate and productivity. 
Co-Authors Adi Santoso Dede Rohadi Efrida Basri Ginuk Sumarni Jamaludin Malik osly rachman Osly Rachman Rachman