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Chronic Disease of State Corporatism in Indonesian Village Government Sri Wahyu Kridasakti; Mohamad Fadli; Abdul Madjid; Chanif Nurcholis
Sriwijaya Law Review Volume 6 Issue 2, July 2022
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Sriwijaya University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28946/slrev.Vol6.Iss2.403.pp304-318

Abstract

The institutional regulation of the Indonesian village government from the Dutch colonial era (1906) until the Reform Era has practically shown controversy of pros and cons. Through correct regulation, the village should be able to prosper. However, the applied regulation as a tool of social engineering during the inter-period has failed to bring the village to prosper. The legal gaps are whether the applied state-corporatism norms on Indonesia village regulation have met the principles of good local governance. This study aims to provide corrections to the heresy of legal construction of the village regulations. This legal method of study was a nomological type with a statute approach. The technical analysis used was content analysis. The results showed that the legality of the village government status, which is state-corporatism containing in norms of the provision of Number 1, Number 2, Number 7, Article 6 paragraph (1), Article 6 paragraph (1) of the Law 6/2014 is not synchronous vertically to the 1945 Constitution. The results of the legitimacy study also revealed that Articles 12, 19, 19 (b)(c)(d), 69 of Law 6/2014 concerning the Authority and Changes of the Status of Urban Villages (Gesellschaft) into Common-Village (gemeinschaft) implies horizontal disharmony to the Law 30/2014 concerning Government Administration. Therefore Law 6/2014 needs to be revoked and replaced with an organic law derived from Articles 18, 18A and 18B of the 1945 Indonesia Constitution.
Pengaruh Pupuk Kompos Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit Dan Kapur Terhadap Pertumbuhan Dan Hasil Mentimun (Cucumis Sativus L.) Febrian Maulana Kalyubi; Syarief Fathillah; Mohamad Fadli
Menulis: Jurnal Penelitian Nusantara Vol. 1 No. 7 (2025): Menulis - Juli
Publisher : PT. Padang Tekno Corp

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59435/menulis.v1i7.549

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pupuk kompos tandan kosong kelapa sawit dan kapur terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil mentimun (Cucumis sativus L.) Penelitian ini dimulai pada bulan September sampai November 2024, bertempat di Jl. Poros satu lahan PT. Bramasta Sakti Desa Jonggon Jaya, Kecamatan Loa Kulu Kabupaten Kutai Kartanegara, Provinsi Kalimantan Timur. Penelitian ini disusun dalam Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) Faktorial , terdiri dari empat perlakuan dan tiga ulangan sehingga menghasilkan 12 kombinasi perlakuan. Perlakuan yang diberikan yaitu pupuk kompos tandan kososng kelapa sawit (p) yang terdiri atas empat taraf perlakuan yaitu p0 (kontrol), P1 (15 t ha-1), p2 (30 t ha-1), p3 (45 t ha-1). dan perlakuan kapur (k) yang terdiri atas 3 taraf perlakuan yaitu k0 (kontrol), k2 (3 t ha-1), k3 (6 t ha-1). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pupuk kompos tandan kososng kelapa sawit tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap parameter panjang tanaman, umur berbunga, jumlah buah pertanaman, bobot buah segar pertanaman, hasil per hektar, panjang buah, berat/bobot perbuah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan pemberian kapur berpengaruh nyata terhadap parameter panjang buah panen pertama, panjang tanaman umur 20 hari setelah tanam, berpengaruh sangat nyata pada umur 30 hari setelah tanam dan pada parameter umur berbunga. Tetapi tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap parameter panjang buah pada panen kedua dan ketiga, Jumlah buah pertanaman, bobot buah segar per tanaman, hasil per hektar serta berat/bobot perbuah. Interaksi pupuk kompos tandan kososng kelapa sawit dan kapur tidak berpengaruh nyata pada semua parameter pengamatan mulai dari panjang tanaman, umur berbunga, jumlah buah pertanaman, bobot buah segar pertanaman, hasil per hektar, panjang buah, berat/bobot perbuah.
Pengaruh Berbagai Jenis Pupuk Organik Cair (Poc) Terhadap Pertumbuhan Dan Hasil Sorgum (Sorghum Bicolor (L.) Moench Siti Shalahiah; Karno; Mohamad Fadli
Menulis: Jurnal Penelitian Nusantara Vol. 1 No. 12 (2025): Menulis - Desember
Publisher : PT. Padang Tekno Corp

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59435/menulis.v1i12.803

Abstract

Pengaruh Berbagai Jenis POC Terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Sorgum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench). Dibawah bimbingan Karno dan Mohamad Fadli. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh berbagai jenis Pupuk Organik Cair (POC) terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil sorgum. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Juli-Oktober 2024 bertempat di lahan Pertanian Balai Benih Pembantu Tanaman Pangan (BBPTP) Kecamatan Loa Kulu, Kabupaten Kutai Kartanegara, Provinsi Kalimantan Timur. Penelitian ini disusun dalam Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan perlakuan POC (P) yang diulang 4 kali. Perlakuan POC terdiri dari 6 taraf, diantaranya p0 (tanpa POC), p1 (bio activator C-01), p2 (biang pupuk C-02), p3 (bio boost C-3), p4 (aktiv), p5 (EM4). Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa perlakuan berbagai jenis POC tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap semua parameter. Hasil biji perhektar tertinggi pada perlakuan p4 (aktiv) dengan hasil 6,72 (t ha-1) dan yang terendah dari perlakuan p1(bio aktivaor) dan p3(bio boost C-3) dengan hasil 6,25. hasil
The Comprehensive Systematic Review of Vasoactive-Inotropic Score as a Predictor of Outcome in Pediatric Critical Care Mohamad Fadli; Raka Jati Prasetya; Mutia Juliana
The Indonesian Journal of General Medicine Vol. 30 No. 1 (2026): The Indonesian Journal of General Medicine
Publisher : International Medical Journal Corp. Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70070/29yj3207

Abstract

Introduction: The Vasoactive-Inotropic Score (VIS) quantifies cardiovascular support in critically ill children by aggregating vasoactive medication doses into a single numerical value. Despite widespread clinical use, a comprehensive synthesis of VIS as a predictor of pediatric outcomes across diverse populations is lacking. This systematic review aimed to evaluate the predictive value of VIS for mortality and morbidity in pediatric critical care populations. Methods: A systematic review was conducted following PRISMA guidelines. We screened studies based on predefined criteria: pediatric population (0-18 years), explicit VIS calculation using standard formulas, reporting of clinical outcomes, and statistical analysis examining VIS-outcome relationships. Studies were excluded if limited to adult populations, case reports, conference abstracts, or editorials. Data extraction included population characteristics, VIS calculation methods, predicted outcomes, predictive performance metrics, and key findings. Results: Eighty-seven studies published between 2010-2025 met inclusion criteria, encompassing 29,920 patients across diverse settings (PICU, cardiac ICU, NICU). Post-cardiac surgery populations were most frequently studied (n=34), followed by septic shock (n=18) and neonatal populations (n=15). VIS demonstrated strong mortality prediction across populations: septic shock (AUROC 0.779-0.976), neonatal cardiac surgery (AUROC 0.83), congenital diaphragmatic hernia (AUROC 0.925), and extremely low birth weight preterm infants (AUROC 0.816-0.92). Optimal thresholds varied substantially from VIS >5 in preterm infants to >70 in myocarditis. Maximum VIS in the first 24-48 hours showed strongest associations with outcomes. VIS predicted prolonged mechanical ventilation (OR 5.20, 95% CI 3.78-7.16) and composite poor outcomes (OR 6.5-8.1). The Vasoactive-Ventilation-Renal (VVR) score outperformed VIS alone in cardiac surgery populations (AUC 0.87-0.98 versus 0.68-0.78). Discussion: VIS demonstrates consistent predictive validity across pediatric critical care populations, with performance comparable or superior to established scoring systems. Threshold heterogeneity reflects population-specific severity, age-related physiologic differences, and condition-specific considerations. Serial VIS monitoring provides incremental prognostic information beyond single measurements. Conclusion: VIS is a valid, readily calculable predictor of mortality and morbidity in pediatric critical care. Population-specific thresholds and integration with multi-organ dysfunction scores enhance predictive utility. Future research should focus on prospective validation of thresholds and implementation of VIS-guided clinical decision support.
The Comprehensive Systematic Review of Fluid Overload and Mortality in Critically Ill Children Mohamad Fadli; Raka Jati Prasetya; Mutia Juliana
The Indonesian Journal of General Medicine Vol. 30 No. 1 (2026): The Indonesian Journal of General Medicine
Publisher : International Medical Journal Corp. Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70070/bz9f0f42

Abstract

Introduction: Fluid overload (FO) is a common complication in critically ill children associated with adverse outcomes. However, heterogeneity in definitions, measurements, and study populations has created gaps in understanding the true magnitude of this association. This systematic review aims to comprehensively synthesize evidence on the association between FO and mortality in critically ill children, examining definitions, measurement methods, and population-specific effects. Methods: A systematic review of observational studies, randomized controlled trials, and meta-analyses examining FO and mortality in critically ill children (0-18 years) admitted to PICUs, NICUs, or cardiac ICUs was conducted. Studies were screened based on predefined criteria including pediatric population, FO exposure with clear definition, mortality outcomes, and adequate sample size. Data extraction encompassed study characteristics, FO definitions, mortality outcomes, confounding adjustments, secondary morbidity outcomes, and methodological quality. Results: Sixty-five studies were included, comprising over 45,000 patients across general PICUs, cardiac ICUs, and specialized populations (sepsis, CRRT, ECMO, ARDS, TBI). FO definitions varied considerably, with percentage FO calculated as (fluid intake—output)/reference weight × 100 being most common. Thresholds ranged from ≥5% to ≥20%, with reference weights including admission, preoperative, or dry weight. Meta-analyses demonstrated significantly increased mortality with FO (pooled OR range: 4.34-5.06). A dose-response relationship was consistently observed, with 3-6% increased mortality odds per 1% FO increase. Mortality rates were consistently higher across FO thresholds: 29.4% vs. 65.6% for <10% vs. ≥20% FO in CRRT patients; 46% vs. 26% for >10% FO in sepsis. However, 4 studies found no independent association after multivariable adjustment. Secondary outcomes including prolonged mechanical ventilation, longer PICU/hospital stays, and AKI were consistently associated with FO. Discussion: This review demonstrates a consistent, dose-dependent association between FO and mortality across diverse pediatric critical care populations, though with important population-specific variations. The strongest associations were observed in sepsis, CRRT, ECMO, and post-cardiac surgery patients, while TBI showed inconsistent findings. The timing of FO assessment emerged as critical, with later-onset FO (>48-72 hours) showing stronger mortality associations. Methodological heterogeneity in FO definitions and measurement remains a significant limitation. Conclusion: Fluid overload is independently associated with increased mortality and morbidity in critically ill children, with evidence supporting a dose-response relationship. Standardized FO definitions and measurement protocols are urgently needed. Future research should focus on randomized trials of fluid management strategies and risk-stratified approaches.
The Comprehensive Systematic Review of Impact of Early Mobilization on Long-term Outcomes in ICU Patients Mohamad Fadli; Raka Jati Prasetya; Mutia Juliana
The International Journal of Medical Science and Health Research Vol. 32 No. 1 (2026): The International Journal of Medical Science and Health Research
Publisher : International Medical Journal Corp. Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70070/7xkp5b59

Abstract

Introduction: Early mobilization in intensive care unit (ICU) patients has been proposed to mitigate the deleterious effects of critical illness, yet its impact on long-term outcomes remains uncertain. This systematic review comprehensively evaluates the effects of early mobilization on long-term functional, cognitive, quality of life, and healthcare utilization outcomes in adult ICU patients. Methods: A systematic review was conducted following PRISMA guidelines. We included randomized controlled trials, controlled clinical trials, cohort studies, case-control studies, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses involving adult ICU patients (≥18 years) who received early mobilization (initiated within 72 hours of ICU admission or mechanical ventilation) compared to standard care or delayed mobilization. Long-term outcomes were defined as those measured at least 30 days post-ICU or hospital discharge. Data were extracted on patient characteristics, mobilization protocols, long-term outcomes, safety, and study quality. Results: Sixty-eight studies were included, comprising over 30,000 patients. Early mobilization consistently improved short-term functional outcomes, including muscle strength (mean difference 4.47-8.62 points on MRC scale), reduced ICU-acquired weakness (OR 2.04-2.7 for independent functional status), and increased likelihood of walking independently at discharge (OR 2.13) (Patel et al., 2023; Tipping et al., 2017; Hu et al., 2019). However, large randomized controlled trials found no significant improvement in long-term mortality (Hodgson et al., 2022) or quality of life at 6-12 months (Higgins et al., 2025). Notably, one trial demonstrated reduced cognitive impairment at 1 year (24% vs 43%, p=0.0043) (Patel et al., 2023). Subgroup analyses revealed potential harm in diabetic patients receiving high-intensity mobilization (adjusted OR 3.47 for 180-day mortality) (Serpa Neto et al., 2024). Adverse event rates were low (<3%), though the TEAM trial reported more events in the intervention group (9.2% vs 4.1%, p=0.005) (Hodgson et al., 2022). Discussion: The evidence presents a complex picture where early mobilization yields clear short-term functional benefits that do not consistently translate into improved long-term survival or quality of life. Heterogeneity in protocols, patient populations, and outcome measures limits definitive conclusions. Conclusion: Early mobilization safely improves in-hospital functional outcomes and reduces healthcare utilization. However, long-term benefits beyond hospital discharge remain unproven, and high-intensity protocols may harm specific subgroups. Individualized, progressive mobilization strategies are recommended.
A Comprehensive Systematic Review of The Role of Vasopressors in Early Management of Hemorrhagic Shock Mohamad Fadli; Raka Jati Prasetya; Mutia Juliana
The International Journal of Medical Science and Health Research Vol. 32 No. 1 (2026): The International Journal of Medical Science and Health Research
Publisher : International Medical Journal Corp. Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70070/wf2brc56

Abstract

Introduction: The role of vasopressors in the early management of hemorrhagic shock remains controversial, with conflicting evidence from observational studies and randomized controlled trials. This systematic review aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of early vasopressor administration in adult patients with hemorrhagic shock. Methods: A systematic review was conducted screening studies based on predefined criteria: adult patients with hemorrhagic shock from any cause, evaluation of any vasopressor agent within the first 24 hours, comparative study designs reporting clinically relevant outcomes. Fifty-eight sources were identified including randomized controlled trials, observational studies, and systematic reviews. Data were extracted on patient populations, vasopressor interventions, mortality outcomes, hemodynamic effects, fluid requirements, and adverse events. Results: Randomized controlled trials demonstrated that low-dose norepinephrine (<0.3 µg/kg/min) concurrent with fluid resuscitation significantly reduced 24-hour mortality (3% vs 13%, p<0.05) and in-hospital mortality (9% vs 21%, p<0.05) (Mohamed et al., 2024). The AVERT-Shock trial found no mortality difference with low-dose vasopressin but showed reduced blood product requirements (1.4 L vs 2.9 L, p=0.01) (Sims et al., 2019). Observational studies consistently associated vasopressor use with increased mortality (Aoki et al., 2018; Plurad et al., 2011; Fisher et al., 2020), though propensity-score analyses attenuated this association (Gauss et al., 2018). Vasopressors consistently achieved hemodynamic stabilization with improved mean arterial pressure and reduced fluid requirements. Adverse event profiles were similar between groups, with vasopressin associated with fewer deep venous thromboses (Sims et al., 2019). Discussion: The apparent contradiction between observational and randomized evidence is explained by confounding by indication, where sicker patients preferentially receive vasopressors. Context-dependent effects, agent-specific considerations, and timing of administration significantly influence outcomes. Low-dose vasopressors appear safe when used as adjuncts to—not replacements for—hemorrhage control and volume resuscitation. Conclusion: Early low-dose vasopressor administration, particularly norepinephrine and vasopressin, may be beneficial in selected patients with hemorrhagic shock, improving hemodynamic stability and reducing transfusion requirements without increasing mortality. Further research is needed to optimize agent selection, dosing strategies, and timing of initiation.
A Comprehensive Systematic Review of The Association between the DASH Diet and Systolic Blood Pressure in Hypertensive Patients Mohamad Fadli; Hendandy Driya Pamungkas
The Indonesian Journal of General Medicine Vol. 34 No. 1 (2026): The Indonesian Journal of General Medicine
Publisher : International Medical Journal Corp. Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70070/ph9qy691

Abstract

Introduction: Hypertension is a major modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease worldwide. The Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet has been recommended as an effective lifestyle intervention, but the magnitude of its effect on systolic blood pressure (SBP) in hypertensive patients varies across studies. This systematic review aims to comprehensively evaluate the association between the DASH diet and SBP reduction in hypertensive adults, identify effect modifiers, and provide context-specific clinical recommendations. Methods: A systematic review was conducted including randomized controlled trials, etc that examined the DASH diet in adults with hypertension (SBP ≥140 mmHg or on antihypertensive medication). Studies were screened based on predefined criteria including intervention duration ≥2 weeks and isolation of the DASH diet from major co-interventions. Data were extracted on study characteristics, DASH implementation, SBP outcomes, and effect modifiers. Results: Eighty studies were included, encompassing over 45,000 participants. The DASH diet consistently reduced SBP, with effects ranging from 3-16 mmHg depending on context. Controlled feeding trials demonstrated larger reductions (8-16 mmHg) compared to free-living implementations (3-6 mmHg). Baseline BP severity modified effects: patients with SBP ≥150 mmHg achieved up to -20.8 mmHg reduction with combined low-sodium DASH. The DASH diet enhanced the BP-lowering effects of RAS inhibitors, with reductions up to -9.5 mmHg in medicated patients. Sodium restriction produced additive effects, with the DASH-sodium combination achieving 84% BP control. Mechanistic studies revealed early natriuretic effects and later improvements in nitric oxide bioavailability. Discussion: The heterogeneity in SBP reduction reflects differences in study design, adherence levels, and patient characteristics rather than inconsistency in the diet's efficacy. Controlled feeding studies establish physiological maximum effects, while real-world implementations reflect practical effectiveness. The diet demonstrates particular efficacy in isolated systolic hypertension, older adults, and patients on RAS inhibitors. Conclusion: The DASH diet is a highly effective intervention for reducing SBP in hypertensive patients, with effects comparable to single-drug therapy in some populations. Implementation strategies should prioritize adherence support and cultural adaptation to maximize real-world effectiveness.
A Comprehensive Systematic Review of The Association between Low-Carbohydrate Diet and Weight Loss in Morbidly Obese Patients Mohamad Fadli; Hendandy Driya Pamungkas
The Indonesian Journal of General Medicine Vol. 35 No. 1 (2026): The Indonesian Journal of General Medicine
Publisher : International Medical Journal Corp. Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70070/d10wvf66

Abstract

Introduction: Morbid obesity (BMI ≥40 kg/m² or ≥35 kg/m² with comorbidities) presents a significant global health challenge with limited effective non-surgical interventions. Low-carbohydrate diets (LCD) have emerged as potential therapeutic approaches, but their efficacy and safety in morbidly obese populations remain incompletely characterized. This systematic review synthesizes evidence from randomized controlled trials and cohort studies examining LCD effects on weight loss and metabolic outcomes in morbidly obese patients. Methods: We systematically screened studies based on predefined criteria: morbidly obese participants (BMI ≥40 kg/m² or ≥35 kg/m² with comorbidities), LCD intervention (≤130g carbohydrates daily or ≤26% total energy), reported weight loss outcomes, study duration ≥4 weeks, and non-surgical dietary focus. Data extraction encompassed study characteristics, intervention details, comparator groups, weight loss outcomes, metabolic parameters, effectiveness moderators, and safety parameters. Results: Eighty studies comprising diverse populations (mean BMI 27-43 kg/m²) were included. LCD demonstrated superior short-term weight loss at 3-6 months compared to control diets, with mean differences ranging from -2.0 kg (95% CI: -3.1 to -0.9) in meta-analyses to -5.8 kg versus -1.9 kg (p=0.002) in individual trials. Very low-carbohydrate ketogenic diets (VLCKD) achieved the most dramatic initial results (13.6±3.9 kg loss at 2 months). At 12 months, advantages diminished but remained detectable (mean difference -0.93 kg; 95% CI: -1.81 to -0.04). Long-term follow-up (≥18 months) revealed weight regain patterns with convergence between dietary approaches. In diabetic populations, LCD produced superior glycemic control (HbA1c reductions of -0.61% to -1.5%) and medication reduction (95.2% of participants reduced/eliminated diabetes medications). Metabolic improvements included triglyceride reductions (-29.71 mg/dL; 95% CI: -31.99 to -27.44), HDL increases (+1.73 mg/dL; 95% CI: 1.44 to 2.01), and blood pressure reductions, though LDL responses were variable with increases observed in some studies. Safety profiles were generally favorable with transient adverse effects (constipation, fatigue, headaches) and no serious adverse events requiring medical attention. Discussion: LCD effectiveness is mediated through multiple mechanisms including glycogen depletion, ketosis-induced appetite suppression, spontaneous caloric reduction, and improved insulin dynamics. Effectiveness moderators include baseline characteristics (diabetes status, sex, central obesity), carbohydrate restriction intensity, adherence levels, and support intensity. Long-term convergence reflects decreasing adherence, metabolic adaptation, and similar energy intake between groups. Population-specific advantages favor LCD in type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome. Conclusion: Low-carbohydrate diets represent effective short-to-intermediate term interventions for weight loss in morbidly obese patients, with particularly robust benefits in diabetic populations. Optimal implementation requires intensive behavioral support, appropriate patient selection, regular monitoring of metabolic parameters (especially LDL cholesterol), and realistic expectations regarding long-term weight maintenance challenges. Future research should focus on strategies to enhance long-term adherence and identify genetic/biological predictors of differential response.
Community Empowerment as a Strategy for Sustainable Livelihood Development: A Case Study of Lung Anai Village Aprylasari, Dede; Agung Enggal Nugroho; Mohamad Fadli; Erwin Arief Rochyat; Putri Daulika; Ke-Chung Peng
LOSARI: Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Vol. 8 No. 1 (2026): April 2026
Publisher : LOSARI DIGITAL

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53860/losari.v8i1.577

Abstract

Lung Anai Village, located in the mining buffer zone of Kutai Kartanegara Regency, experiences complex livelihood dynamics due to coal mining activities affecting economic, social, and environmental dimensions. This condition highlights the need for a development approach that emphasizes sustainable livelihoods beyond economic growth. This community service program aims to strengthen community capacity using the Sustainable Livelihood Approach (SLA). A participatory, community-based method was applied through three stages: initial assessment, program implementation, and evaluation. The results show that social, physical, and financial capital are relatively strong, while human and natural capital remain lower, indicating structural imbalance. Community perception improved significantly from 37% positive responses in 2023 to 100% in 2024, reflecting increased trust. The Social License to Operate (SLO) index reached 77.2%, indicating strong social acceptance. The program enhanced participation, strengthened institutions, improved economic access, and promoted sustainable livelihoods. The SLA approach proved effective and replicable for empowering mining-affected rural communities.