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Dampak Perubahan Curah Hujan Terhadap Tingkat Kerentanan Erosi Tanah Di Sub DAS Merawu, Jawa Tengah Donnie Koes Nugraha; Bayu Dwi Apri Nugroho; Chandra Setyawan
Jurnal Teknik Pertanian Lampung (Journal of Agricultural Engineering) Vol 10, No 3 (2021): September
Publisher : The University of Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/jtep-l.v10i3.356-366

This research was held to estimate rainfall and change in soil erosion vulnerability from 2020 to 2050 in Merawu Sub-Watershed, Banjanegara District with RCP 2.6, 4.5 and 8.5. The RCP is an overview of the concentration trends for greenhouse gases, aerosols and land use change created by the climate modeling community. Rainfall prediction was generated from SDSM Software and combined with USLE to predict soil erosion in ArcGIS 10.4. Changes in rainfall intensity are an important factor in changes of soil erosion rates because the kinetic energy of falling rainwater can cause soil erosion.The results showed rainfall in Banjarnegara Station at 2020-2050 with RCP 2.6,4.5 and 8.5 were increasing by +0,26%; +0,60%; +0,52%, while in Kalisapi Station were decreasing by -1,54%; -1,65% dan -2,20%. The change of soil erosion vulnerability prediction showed that soil erosion in Sub-DAS Merawu at 2020-2050 with RCP 2.6,4.5 and 8.5 in very light category were -0,02%;-0,02%;-0,03%, light category were -0,17%;-0,17%;-0,17%, moderate category -0,05%;-0,05%;-0,04%, heavy category -0,26%;-0,35%;-0,37%, and very heavy category were +1,46%;+1,88%;+1,95%. While the average soil erosion prediction at RCP 2.6, 4.5 and 8.5 were +0,86, +1,19% and +1,03%, respectively. Keywords: soil erosion prediction, rainfall prediction, SDSM Software, Sub-DAS Merawu

Effect of Extreem Rainfall Pattern on The Growth and Yield of Chili Peppers Wini Prayogi Abdila; Bayu Dwi Apri Nugroho; Chandra Setyawan
Jurnal Teknik Pertanian Lampung (Journal of Agricultural Engineering) Vol 11, No 1 (2022): March
Publisher : The University of Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/jtep-l.v11i1.117-129

The purpose of this study was to observe the effect of extreme rainfall patterns in the DI Yogyakarta region on the growths of rawit/cayenne (Capsicum frutescens L.) and keriting/curly (Capsicum annum) chili peppers. The experimental design used was Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with single factor consisting of three levels namely: maximum frequency index (P1), rainfall intensity index (P2), and control treatment (K). The frequency and intensity indexes (P1 and P2) of May-June-July from each weather station were used as the bases of rainfall simulations applied in watering the rawit and keriting chili pepper cultivations. Whilst, control (K) was the watering on the basis of optimum crop water requirement. The growth parameters observed included plant height, number of leaves, age of flowering, age of fruiting, age of first harvest, final weight of biomass, and yield. The data sets were analyzed by using one-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) at α=0.05 for each species. The results showed that the three levels of treatments did not significantly affect the growth and yield based on all parameters observed for both of the two species. So even the potted media were flooded, the water easily drained through the holed base of pots, making plant growth undisturbed. This finding suggested that planting chili peppers in pots or elevated media could mitigate the effect of extreme rainfalls.Keywords: Extreme Precipitation, Extreme Indices, Plant Growth, chili pepper

Spatial Modeling of Vegetation Cover for Soil Erosion Control Based on Arc GIS and the RUSLE Models Dimas Prabowo Harliando; Chandra Setyawan; Hanggar Ganara Mawandha
Jurnal Teknik Pertanian Lampung (Journal of Agricultural Engineering) Vol 12, No 1 (2023): March 2023
Publisher : The University of Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/jtep-l.v12i1.14-27

Deforestation in the Serayu watershed, Central Java province, Indonesia for agriculture and other uses leaves only 0.73% of vegetation. It has triggered a number of problems such as soil loss (erosion), landslides, floods and sedimentation downstream. Environmental damage control needs to be applied through appropriate conservation programs. This study aims to understand the distribution of soil erosion and the effectiveness of soil erosion control by using vegetation cover. Soil erosion modeling and its correlation to vegetation cover was performed by using an Arc GIS based model of the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) through five scenarios of vegetation landscape cover such as 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, and 30% of the total area of the study site. Five parameters namely rain erosivity (R), soil erodibility (K), slope-length (LS) and crop management (C) and conservation practices (P) factor were used to calculate soil erosion. The results indicated 82.25 tons/ha/year soil erosion reduction due to enhancement of vegetation cover from the actual condition 0.73% to the 30% vegetation cover condition. The increase of 5% vegetation landscape cover (forest) detracted the soil erosion rate by 10,20 tons /ha/year. Very high and high soil erosion hazard levels were found in the northern, east, and west watershed areasKeywords: Soil erosion, RUSLE model, GIS, Serayu watershed, Vegetation cover

Application of Wischmeier-Smith, EPIC, M-USLE, and WEPP Methods for Determination of Erodibility Factor (K) of Soil Brigitta Ery Septiyanti; Ngadisih Ngadisih; Chandra Setyawan; Sahid Susanto
Jurnal Teknik Pertanian Lampung (Journal of Agricultural Engineering) Vol 12, No 3 (2023): September 2023
Publisher : The University of Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/jtep-l.v12i3.653-664

The purpose of this study was to apply and to evaluate four methods (Wischmeier-Smith, EPIC, M-USLE, and WEPP) for calculating erodibility factor (K) of soil. The field measurement was carried out in a village laid on Southern Mountains of Java, where cocoa-based agrotourism is growing fast in the area. The land use of study area was captured by using drone. The soil samples were taken from land use of shrub, moors, and garden. Then, the samples were analyzed physical and chemical properties. This study obtained the K factor was in the range 0.12 to 0.22 for Wischmeir-Smith, 0.29 to 0.33 for EPIC, 10–3 to 3×10–4 for M-USLE, and 2×10–4 to 0.1 for WEPP. Based on literature (similar study and site, or soil type approach), the K factor obtained from Wischmeier-Smith method was in the range of reference. While other methods, the K factor was higher or lower than benchmark value. The proposed method in this study could be applied to calculate K factors of soil. However, the M-USLE and WEPP methods still have shortcomings in the simulation process of erosion and surface run off rates to obtain the K factor. Keywords: Agrotourism, Drone, Land use, Soil erosion

Rainfall-Runoff Modelling in Tropical River Basin for Water Conservation Planning Using Water Recharge Ponds M Yusfan Yuzanni; Chandra Setyawan; Sahid Susanto; Yekti Nugraheni
Jurnal Teknik Pertanian Lampung (Journal of Agricultural Engineering) Vol 13, No 4 (2024): December 2024
Publisher : The University of Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/jtep-l.v13i4.1171-1181

Land conversion in river basins poses a threat to future water availability. This research aims to estimate water availability, particularly stream flow for planning of water conservation. Water availability was analyzed using a hydrology tank model. The model was calibrated by using stream flow data measured in a reservoir and then used to estimate water availability in the reservoir's catchment area. The value of model parameters such as wet infiltration coefficient (WIC), dry infiltration coefficient (DIC), soil moisture capacity (SMC), initial soil moisture (ISM), initial groundwater storage (IGWS), groundwater recession constant (k) was determined through the calibration process. The results showed that the model has good accuracy for stream flow calculation indicated by the value of statistical parameters i.e. coefficient of correlation (R) = 0.93, a volume of error (VE) = 0.04, and a coefficient of efficiency (CE) = 1.00. During the wet season, the specific maximum discharge is 0.11 m3s–1km–2. Meanwhile, the minimum specific discharge is 0.030 m3s–1km–2. These differences indicate that optimizing rainwater harvesting during the wet season is required. Rainfall-runoff modeling reveals the potential for surface runoff during the wet season is 1,139 mm. This finding provides an essential reference for water conservation, especially using water recharge ponds. Keywords: Hydrology tank model, Stream flow, Tropical river basin, Water availability, Water conservation.

Modeling River Water Levels in Tidal Swamp Areas using HEC–RAS to Determine the Hydrotopography of Tidal Farmland Faiz Afnan Nurrahman; Chandra Setyawan; Hanggar Ganara Mawandha
Jurnal Teknik Pertanian Lampung (Journal of Agricultural Engineering) Vol 14, No 2 (2025): April 2025
Publisher : The University of Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/jtep-l.v14i2.685-700

Swamp land is a natural resource that can be utilized to improve community welfare, because swamp land is one of the potential natural resources and can be used as agricultural land development. The aim of this research is to analyze the tidal water movement patterns of rivers and channels in the swamp irrigation area of Palingkau. The stages in this research included the installation of an Automatic Water Level Recorder (AWLR) to collect real-time water level data, then modeling the tidal movement of river water level using HEC–RAS modeling. The results of this research showed that the pattern of tidal water flow movement in the swamp irrigation area of Palingkau is diurnal tide, characterized by the existence of one high tide and one low tide in one day. Furthermore, HEC–RAS modeling can be used to describe the tide of water levels in the swamp irrigation area of Palingkau. Validation of the HEC–RAS model shows that the tidal flow modeling simulation is good and very suitable for use. Based on the hydrotopography class, the land at the research location is classified into 3 classes, namely hydrotopography classes of B, C, and D. Keywords: Agriculture, HEC–RAS Modeling, Hydrotopography, Land, Swamp.

Rainfall-Runoff Modelling in Tropical River Basin for Water Conservation Planning Using Water Recharge Ponds Yuzanni, M Yusfan; Setyawan, Chandra; Susanto, Sahid; Nugraheni, Yekti
Jurnal Teknik Pertanian Lampung (Journal of Agricultural Engineering) Vol. 13 No. 4 (2024): December 2024
Publisher : The University of Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/jtep-l.v13i4.1171-1181

Land conversion in river basins poses a threat to future water availability. This research aims to estimate water availability, particularly stream flow for planning of water conservation. Water availability was analyzed using a hydrology tank model. The model was calibrated by using stream flow data measured in a reservoir and then used to estimate water availability in the reservoir's catchment area. The value of model parameters such as wet infiltration coefficient (WIC), dry infiltration coefficient (DIC), soil moisture capacity (SMC), initial soil moisture (ISM), initial groundwater storage (IGWS), groundwater recession constant (k) was determined through the calibration process. The results showed that the model has good accuracy for stream flow calculation indicated by the value of statistical parameters i.e. coefficient of correlation (R) = 0.93, a volume of error (VE) = 0.04, and a coefficient of efficiency (CE) = 1.00. During the wet season, the specific maximum discharge is 0.11 m3s–1km–2. Meanwhile, the minimum specific discharge is 0.030 m3s–1km–2. These differences indicate that optimizing rainwater harvesting during the wet season is required. Rainfall-runoff modeling reveals the potential for surface runoff during the wet season is 1,139 mm. This finding provides an essential reference for water conservation, especially using water recharge ponds. Keywords: Hydrology tank model, Stream flow, Tropical river basin, Water availability, Water conservation.

Modeling River Water Levels in Tidal Swamp Areas using HEC–RAS to Determine the Hydrotopography of Tidal Farmland Nurrahman, Faiz Afnan; Setyawan, Chandra; Mawandha, Hanggar Ganara
Jurnal Teknik Pertanian Lampung (Journal of Agricultural Engineering) Vol. 14 No. 2 (2025): April 2025
Publisher : The University of Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/jtep-l.v14i2.685-700

Swamp land is a natural resource that can be utilized to improve community welfare, because swamp land is one of the potential natural resources and can be used as agricultural land development. The aim of this research is to analyze the tidal water movement patterns of rivers and channels in the swamp irrigation area of Palingkau. The stages in this research included the installation of an Automatic Water Level Recorder (AWLR) to collect real-time water level data, then modeling the tidal movement of river water level using HEC–RAS modeling. The results of this research showed that the pattern of tidal water flow movement in the swamp irrigation area of Palingkau is diurnal tide, characterized by the existence of one high tide and one low tide in one day. Furthermore, HEC–RAS modeling can be used to describe the tide of water levels in the swamp irrigation area of Palingkau. Validation of the HEC–RAS model shows that the tidal flow modeling simulation is good and very suitable for use. Based on the hydrotopography class, the land at the research location is classified into 3 classes, namely hydrotopography classes of B, C, and D. Keywords: Agriculture, HEC–RAS Modeling, Hydrotopography, Land, Swamp.

Environmental Factors and Mulching Effects on Soil Nitrogen in Organic Curly Chili (Capsicum annuum L.) Cultivation for Sustainable Agriculture Wulan, Indah Retno; Nugroho, Bayu Dwi Apri; Setyawan, Chandra; Tanjung, Jeane Claudea; Ardhitama, Aristya
Jurnal Teknik Pertanian Lampung (Journal of Agricultural Engineering) Vol. 14 No. 5 (2025): October 2025
Publisher : The University of Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/jtepl.v14i5.1829-1842

Nitrogen availability is a critical determinant of chili yield, and its dynamics are influenced by environmental conditions and cultivation practices such as mulching. This study aimed to evaluate the combined effects of environmental factors and mulching on soil nitrogen levels in curly chili (Capsicum annuum L.) cultivation using organic fertilizer under a sustainable agriculture framework. The experiment used a randomized block design with 24 plots and three treatments: no mulch (P1M0), organic mulch with bamboo leaves (P1M1), and inorganic mulch with plastic (P1M2). Monitoring was conducted for 4 months on soil pH, volumetric water content (VWC), electrical conductivity (EC), temperature, rainfall, solar radiation, humidity, and wind speed. Results showed that soil nitrogen was highest in no mulch (31.1 mg/kg), followed by organic mulch (28.8 mg/kg), and lowest in inorganic mulch (25.6 mg/kg). ANOVA confirmed that organic mulch was comparable to no mulch, but significantly better in maintaining nitrogen than inorganic mulch. Regression analysis identified electrical conductivity as the strongest positive predictor across all treatments, while soil pH showed negative effects and average temperature tended to reduce nitrogen under no mulch conditions. Model accuracy was strong (R²: P1M0 = 0.799, P1M1 = 0.799, P1M2 = 0.699). The use of bamboo leaves can be an alternative in maintaining soil nitrogen availability. Mulching practices adapted to environmental conditions can enhance soil fertility and support sustainable chili production.

Assessment of Soil and Water Conservation Potential Using Vetiver Crops (Chrysopogon zizanioides) as a Nature-Based Solution for Watershed Restoration Setyawan, Chandra; Nugraheni, Yekti; Ngadisih, Ngadisih; Maftukhah, Rizki; Safrina, Devi
Jurnal Teknik Pertanian Lampung (Journal of Agricultural Engineering) Vol. 14 No. 5 (2025): October 2025
Publisher : The University of Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/jtepl.v14i5.1785-1797

Watersheds play an important role in the hydrological cycle to ensure water availability and support food security. Currently, many watersheds are experiencing degradation due to excessive agricultural practices without the implementation of soil and water conservation measures. This study aims to assess the potential of Vetiver crops (Chrysopogon zizanioides L.) for soil and water conservation as a nature-based solution for watershed protection.n. This research use Geographic Information System (ArcGIS) tools to analyze land suitability for Vetiver cultivation. A multi-criteria evaluation approach was applied using a scoring system based on key environmental indicators including rainfall, temperature, slope gradient, land use type, soil type, and organic matter content. The results indicate that most of the study area was classified as moderately suitable (61.98%) and marginally suitable (38.00%) for vetiver plants, with only 0.01% falling into the highly suitable and not suitable categories, respectively. The integration of spatial analysis and environmental indicators allowed for the identification of priority areas where Vetiver could be effectively implemented to enhance watershed resilience, mitigate erosion, and support sustainable land management. The finding of this study provides a reference for vegetation method development using crops with economic value which is suitable for tropical areas.

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