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Kultur Embrio Tiga Spesies Kopi pada Umur Buah dan Formulasi Media yang Berbeda Meynarti Sari Dewi Ibrahim; Indah Sulistiyorini
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 8, No 3 (2021): Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jtidp.v8n3.2021.p151-164

Abstract

Studying the fruit age and proper media formulation is one of the important stages in embryo culture of coffee. The data is highly benefical, especially in saving embryos generated from intra- and inter-species crosses that fall prematurely or experience problems in germination. The aim of this study was to determine the suitable age and media formulation for embryo culture of Arabica, Robusta, and Liberica coffee. The study was conducted at the Tissue Culture Laboratory, Indonesian Industrial and Beverage Crops Research Institute from January 2019 to November 2020. Murashige and Skoog (MS) media with growth regulators adapted to embryonic development were used in this study. The three types of coffee divided into 5 groups, namely pinhead, immature, early mature, almost mature, mature, and used as planting material. The research was designed in a completely randomized design with 10 replications, and media formulation as a treatment. The results showed that embryo culture of the three coffee species was conducted successfully, except for pinhead fruit. The older the cultured fruit, the higher the percentage of germination. There is a difference in germination time between the three coffee species. The  medium for embryo culture should be adjusted with the age of the fruit being cultured. Aside from growing embryos, the cultured mature fruit embryos on MS medium given 0.5 mg/l BA can also be used for propagation by utilizing the secondary somatic embryos formation.
Penggunaan Air Kelapa dan Beberapa Auksin untuk Induksi Multiplikasi Tunas dan Perakaran Lada Secara In Vitro Indah Sulistiyorini; Meynarti Sari Dewi Ibrahim; Syafaruddin Syafaruddin
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 3, No 3 (2012): Buletin Riset Tanaman Rempah Dan Aneka Tanaman Industri
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jtidp.v3n3.2012.p231-238

Abstract

Peningkatan produktivitas lada perlu didukung oleh ketersediaan benih unggul. Perbanyakan lada secara in vitro dapat digunakan sebagai alternatif untuk menghasilkan benih lada dalam jumlah banyak dan waktu yang relatif singkat. Salah satu faktor yang menentukan keberhasilan kultur in vitro adalah penggunaan zat pengatur tumbuh. Penelitian dilakukan di Laboratorium Kultur Jaringan Balai Penelitian Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar mulai bulan Maret-September 2011. Penelitian terdiri dari 2 kegiatan yaitu induksi multiplikasi tunas dan induksi perakaran. Masing-masing bertujuan untuk menganalisis penggunaan konsentrasi air kelapa terhadap multiplikasi tunas lada dan pengaruh penggunaan jenis dan konsentrasi auksin terhadap induksi perakaran lada secara in vitro. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak lengkap dengan uji lanjut DMRT. Perlakuan induksi multiplikasi terdiri dari konsentrasi air kelapa, yaitu 10, 20, 30, 40, 50% dan sebagai pembanding adalah BA 0,3 mg/l, sedangkan induksi perakaran lada digunakan beberapa auksin, yaitu IBA, IAA dan 2,4-D dengan konsentrasi masing-masing adalah 0,1, 0,3, dan 0,5 mg/l. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan penggunaan air kelapa untuk perlakuan induksi multiplikasi tunas pada semua konsentrasi lebih memacu pembentukan akar, selain itu kultur yang dihasilkan mempunyai pertumbuhan normal dan lebih vigor dibandingkan perlakuan BA 0,3 mg/l. Perlakuan BA 0,3 mg/l menghasilkan jumlah tunas dan jumlah daun lebih banyak dibandingkan perlakuan air kelapa sebesar 2,69 dan 10,73. Penggunaan IAA 0,1 mg/l untuk induksi perakaran mampu menginduksi akar sebanyak 8,26 lebih banyak dibandingkan auksin yang lain.  The Use of Coconut Water And Several Auxin for Shoot Multiplication And Rooting Induction in Black Pepper In VitroABSTRACT Increased productivity of pepper should be supported by the availability of improved seed. Propagation black pepper in vitro can be used as an alternative to produce large amounts of black pepper cuttings in a relatively short time. One of the factors that determine the success of in vitro culture is the use of plant growth regulators used. Research was conducted in the laboratory tissue culture from March to September 2011. This research consists of two activities, the induction of shoot multiplication and rooting induction. Each aims to analyze the addition of coconut water concentration on shoot multiplication black pepper and determine the effect of the addition of the type and concentration of auxin for induction in vitro rooting of black pepper. Design used were completely randomized design and use advanced testing DMRT. Treatment consisted of induction multiplication coconut water concentration, namely 10, 20, 30, 40, 50%, and as a comparison is BA 0.3 mg/l, and black pepper root induction treatment using several auxin is IBA, IAA and 2.4-D with the concentration of each was 0.1 mg/l, 0.3 mg/l and 0.5 mg/l.  The results showed the use of coconut water for shoot multiplication induction treatment at all concentrations stimulate root formation, in addition to the culture that has produced more normal growth and vigor than the treatment of BA 0.3 mg/l. Treatment BA 0.3 mg/l produce shoots leaves more than coconut water treatment at 2.69 and 10.73. The use of IAA 0.1 mg/l for induction were able to induce root 8.26 more as compared to other auxin.
Variabilitas Genetik 11 Klon Kakao Lokal dari Sumatera Barat Berdasarkan Marka SSR Cici Tresniawati; Nur Kholilatul Izzah; Indah Sulistiyorini; Ilham Nur Ardhi Wicaksono
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 4, No 2 (2017): Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jtidp.v4n2.2017.p79-88

Abstract

Indonesia is the third largest cacao producing-country in the world and known having many superior local clones, such as that found in Lima Puluh Kota Regency, West Sumatra.  However, there is lack of information about genetic background of those local cacao clones.  This  study aimed to assess genetic variability of 11 local cacao clones collected from Lima Puluh Kota Regency, West Sumatra using SSR markers.  The research was conducted in the Integrated Laboratory, Indonesian Industrial and Beverage Crops Research Institute (IIBCRI), Sukabumi, from August to November 2016.  The genetic variabilities of local cacao studied were compared with 9 national varieties as reference genomes.  Total genomic DNA of the plants was isolated using CTAB method. Cacao DNA was amplified using 18 SSR markers to determine their genetic variability.  Afterward, the amplified DNA was separated using 6% non-denaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The result exhibited that 12 markers were polymorphic. Further analysis of these polymorphic markers using PowerMarker program revealed a total of 83 alleles were obtained from all cacao clones analyzed.  Meanwhile, PIC values ranged from 0.55 to 0.86 with an average of 0.70.  A genetic similarity matrix based on UPGMA revealed three main groups at 68% similarity coefficients. Interestingly, all of the 11 local cacao clones were clearly distinguished each other and also from the national varieties.  The result demonstrated the usefulness of SSR markers for discriminating local cacao clones. Further study is required to use these local clones in cacao breeding programs.
Keragaman Genetik Klon Lokal Kopi Robusta Asal Temanggung Berdasarkan Marka SSR Indah Sulistiyorini; Nur Kholilatul Izzah; Dani Dani; Budi Martono
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 8, No 3 (2021): Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jtidp.v8n3.2021.p141-150

Abstract

Kabupaten Temanggung merupakan salah satu sentra produksi kopi Robusta di Jawa Tengah dengan beragam klon kopi lokal yang potensial. Dari hasil eksplorasi diperoleh beberapa nomor klon lokal kopi Robusta yang berpotensi memiliki produktivitas tinggi dan diduga tahan terhadap hama/penyakit. Namun, klon kopi lokal tersebut belum diketahui secara jelas tingkat kemiripan genetiknya dengan klon-klon unggul yang sudah dilepas. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui keragaman genetik 29 klon lokal kopi Robusta asal Temanggung berdasarkan marka SSR. Penelitian dilakukan di Laboratorium Molekular lingkup Laboratorium Terpadu Balittri, mulai bulan Februari sampai Desember 2018. Penelitian menggunakan 29 nomor klon lokal yang berasal dari Temanggung dan dua varietas yang sudah dilepas, yaitu BP 42 dan BP 358, sebagai pembanding. Sebanyak 14 marka SSR yang digunakan dalam penelitian bersifat polimorfik dan mampu mengelompokkan klon kopi lokal asal Temanggung menjadi 5 grup besar dengan nilai koefisien kemiripan genetik sebesar 0,57. Empat klon kopi lokal Temanggung, yaitu kopi Putih Daun Lebar, Lokal, Tugusari Hijau, dan Tugusari Kuning berada dalam satu grup yang sama dengan klon pembanding BP 42 dan BP 358 pada grup I. Satu klon lokal (Tugusari Hijau) memiliki kemiripan genetik dengan klon pembanding BP 358 sebesar 0,91. Sementara itu, 25  klon lokal lainnya berada pada grup yang berbeda dengan klon pembanding. Klon lokal yang mempunyai jarak genetik yang jauh selanjutnya dapat dipilih sebagai kandidat klon unggul lokal dalam program pemuliaan tanaman kopi.