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Ilham Nur Ardhi Wicaksono
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Ketahanan 13 Nomor Koleksi Plasma Nutfah Jambu Mete terhadap Penyakit Busuk Akar Fusarium Dani Dani; Efi Taufiq; Handi Supriadi; Enny Randriani; Ilham Nur Ardhi Wicaksono
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 3, No 2 (2012): Buletin Riset Tanaman Rempah Dan Aneka Tanaman Industri
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jtidp.v3n2.2012.p171-176

Abstract

Busuk akar Fusarium merupakan salah satu penyakit penting yang menyerang tanaman jambu mete pada fase bibit maupun dewasa. Oleh sebab itu, upaya perakitan varietas tanaman jambu mete yang tahan terhadap serangan penyakit tersebut perlu dilakukan. Tujuan penelitian adalah menguji ketahanan nomor-nomor koleksi plasma nutfah jambu mete terhadap serangan penyakit busuk akar Fusarium. Seleksi dilakukan terhadap bibit hasil persarian terbuka dari 13 nomor aksesi jambu mete koleksi plasma nutfah di Kebun Percobaan (KP) Cikampek. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada fase bibit di dalam rumah plastik dengan naungan paranet intensitas 50% di KP Pakuwon. Perlakuan disusun dalam Rancangan Acak Kelompok dengan tiga ulangan. Inokulasi buatan menggunakan isolat Fusarium sp. dari tanah yang dicairkan sampai kepadatan konidia 108 konidia/ml. Hasil pengamatan menujukkan bahwa seluruh nomor aksesi jambu mete yang diuji tidak tahan terhadap serangan penyakit busuk akar Fusarium. Persentase kejadian penyakit paling tinggi ditunjukkan oleh nomor aksesi Lembor 2, M Z Lux, dan Ekoae Kecil, yaitu mencapai 93,33%, sedangkan aksesi JN 26 menunjukkan persentase kejadian sebesar 63,33%. Tingkat keparahan penyakit paling tinggi ditunjukkan oleh nomor aksesi Menini 15, yaitu mencapai 83,56%, meskipun secara statistik tidak berbeda nyata dengan Kodi 2 dan Kobawani yang masing-masing 82,92% dan 82,48%.  Resistance of 13 Cashew Germplasm Accessions to Fusarium Root Rot Disease ABSTRACT Root rot caused by Fusarium is an important cashew disease which attacks any stage of cashew growing from seedlings to adult plant. Therefore, findings of new cashew variety being resistant to the disease should be done in breeding program. The aim of this work was to assess resistance of cashew accession numbers to the disease. Cashew seedlings derived from open pollinated of 13 cashew accessions were observed at germplasm collection of the crop planted at Cikampek Research Station. This work was held in nursery with 50% light intensity of paranet at Pakuwon Research Station. Treatments were arranged in randomized complete block design with three replications. Artificial innoculation used Fusarium isolated from soil was diluted in sterilized water with density of 108 conidia/ml was innoculated to the seedlings. Result showed that allf cashew accessions tested were sucecptable to the disease attack. Lembor 2, M Z Lux, and small Ekoae accessions revealed high in disease incidence which reached 93.33%. Whereas, JN 26 showed the lowest disease incidence, i.e. only 63.33%. The most severe disease symptom was show by Menini 15 (83.56%), although it was not significantly different from Kodi 2 and Kobawani reaching of 82.92% and 82.48%, respectively.
Penampilan Fenotipik, Keragaman, dan Heritabilitas Sembilan Genotipe Teh [Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze] Ilham Nur Ardhi Wicaksono; Budi Martono
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 7, No 2 (2020): Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jtidp.v7n2.2020.p53-60

Abstract

The estimated value of genotype variability, phenotype variability, environmental variability, and heritability have an important role in breeding activities of tea in order to create the superior varieties. The objective of this study was to investigate the phenotypic performance, genotype and phenotype variation, and heritability value of nine genotypes of tea. The study was conducted at Pemandangan block, Tambi Plantation Unit,  Wonosobo, Central Java, from April 2013 until April 2014. The Randomized Complete Block Design (RBD) with nine treatments and three replications was used in this study. The 9th of treatments consisted of 2 genotypes of tea resulting from a cross (GMB 3 and GMB 4), 2 introduced genotypes (TRI 2024 and TRI 2025), and 5 local genotypes resulting from selection (Cin 143, Kiara 8, RB 3, Tambi 1, and Tambi 2). The results showed that the genotype of GMB 3 more higher than other genotypes in pecco length, leaf length, leaf width, length of leaf stalk, and length of leaf internodes characters, whereas Tambi 2, GMB 3, and GMB 4 more higher in fresh weight of P+2 and P+3. The production of fresh shoot of GMB 4 more higher than the other genotypes, but not significant with GMB 3 and RB 3. The leaf length and fresh shoot production characters has a wide of genotype and phenotype variability, whereas the high of heritability value were found in all characters observed. The selection based on leaf length and fresh shoot production characters will be effective because both characters have a high genotypes variability and heritability.
Analisis Daya Gabung dan Korelasi Karakter Jumlah Buah Kakao pada Persilangan Setengah Dialel Nur Kholilatul Izzah; Ilham Nur Ardhi Wicaksono; Cici Tresniawati; Edi Wardiana
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 6, No 3 (2019): Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jtidp.v6n3.2019.p99-108

Abstract

Analysis of combining ability and correlation between characters in cacao plays an important role and benefits in an effort to obtain superior high-yield genetic material. This analysis makes it easy to find out the best combination of parents in producing superior progeny. The study aimed to analyze the combining ability and correlation of cacao pod numbers in F1 population generated from half-diallel crossing. The study was conducted at Pakuwon Experimental Station, Sukabumi, West Java, at an altitude of 450 m above sea level with Latosol soil type and B climate type (Schmidt and Fergusson), from 2014 until 2018. The experiment was arranged using a randomized block design (RBD) with 10 combinations of half-diallel crossing method that were repeated three times. The parental genotypes used were ICCRI 03, TSH 858, DR 1, ICS 13, and SCA 6. The variables observed were the number of healthy pods, number of rotten pods, number of cherelle wilts, and total pod numbers. The combining ability was analyzed using the Griffing 4 method, while correlation analysis was carried out phenotypically and genotypically.The results showed the action of non-additive genes in the F1 generation and three combinations of crosses, namely ICCRI 03 x TSH 858, TSH 858 x DR 1, and ICS 13 x SCA 6 had the opportunity to be developed into superior hybrids. In addition, it is known that there were phenotypic and genotypic positive correlations between the observed pod component characters.
Analisis Keragaman Genetik 28 Nomor Koleksi Kakao (Theobroma cacao L.) Berdasarkan Marka SSR Ilham Nur ardhi Wicaksono; Rubiyo Rubiyo; Dewi Sukma; Sudarsono Sudarsono
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 4, No 1 (2017): Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jtidp.v4n1.2017.p13-22

Abstract

Analisis keragaman genetik koleksi plasma nutfah kakao menggunakan marka molekuler mempunyai peranan penting dalam program perakitan klon unggul baru. Ketersediaan klon komersial dan klon unggul lokal meningkatkan peluang keberhasilan perakitan klon unggul baru sehingga analisis keragaman genetik materi tersebut perlu dilakukan. Tujuan penelitian adalah menganalisis keragaman genetik 28 nomor koleksi kakao berdasarkan marka SSR yang berguna dalam pemilihan tetua persilangan. Penelitian  dilakukan  di Laboratorium Terpadu Balai Penelitian Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar (Balittri), Sukabumi, dan Laboratorium Biologi Molekuler Tanaman (PMB), Fakultas Pertanian, Institut Pertanian Bogor, mulai bulan November 2015 sampai Mei 2016. Analisis keragaman genetik dilakukan pada 28 klon kakao yang terdiri dari 13 klon unggul lokal dan 15 klon komersial. Ekstraksi DNA dilakukan dengan menggunakan prosedur berbasis CTAB (cetyltrimethylammonium bromide). Selanjutnya, DNA diamplifikasi dengan teknik PCR (polymerase chain reaction) menggunakan 20 pasang primer SSR (simple sequence repeats). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan semua marka SSR yang digunakan bersifat polimorfik dengan rata-rata nilai PIC (polymorphism information content) cukup tinggi, yaitu 57%. Pohon filogenetik yang dianalisis menggunakan program DARwin (Dissimilarity Analysis and Representation for Windows) versi 6.05 terbagi menjadi 3 kelompok besar yang menempatkan klon unggul lokal dan klon komersial bersama-sama dalam tiap-tiap kelompok. Klon unggul lokal diduga mempunyai asal usul yang dekat dengan klon komersial yang sudah dibudidayakan di Indonesia. Selain itu,beberapa klon kakao berpotensi menjadi tetua persilangan karena mempunyai jarak genetik cukup jauh. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa marka SSR merupakan alat bantu cukup potensial untuk menentukan tetua persilangan yang diharapkan dapat meningkatkan peluang heterosis pada keturunannya.
Variabilitas Genetik 11 Klon Kakao Lokal dari Sumatera Barat Berdasarkan Marka SSR Cici Tresniawati; Nur Kholilatul Izzah; Indah Sulistiyorini; Ilham Nur Ardhi Wicaksono
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 4, No 2 (2017): Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jtidp.v4n2.2017.p79-88

Abstract

Indonesia is the third largest cacao producing-country in the world and known having many superior local clones, such as that found in Lima Puluh Kota Regency, West Sumatra.  However, there is lack of information about genetic background of those local cacao clones.  This  study aimed to assess genetic variability of 11 local cacao clones collected from Lima Puluh Kota Regency, West Sumatra using SSR markers.  The research was conducted in the Integrated Laboratory, Indonesian Industrial and Beverage Crops Research Institute (IIBCRI), Sukabumi, from August to November 2016.  The genetic variabilities of local cacao studied were compared with 9 national varieties as reference genomes.  Total genomic DNA of the plants was isolated using CTAB method. Cacao DNA was amplified using 18 SSR markers to determine their genetic variability.  Afterward, the amplified DNA was separated using 6% non-denaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The result exhibited that 12 markers were polymorphic. Further analysis of these polymorphic markers using PowerMarker program revealed a total of 83 alleles were obtained from all cacao clones analyzed.  Meanwhile, PIC values ranged from 0.55 to 0.86 with an average of 0.70.  A genetic similarity matrix based on UPGMA revealed three main groups at 68% similarity coefficients. Interestingly, all of the 11 local cacao clones were clearly distinguished each other and also from the national varieties.  The result demonstrated the usefulness of SSR markers for discriminating local cacao clones. Further study is required to use these local clones in cacao breeding programs.
Penentuan Karakter Tanaman Yang Berpengaruh Terhadap Hasil Kemiri [Aleurites moluccana (L.) Willd.] Cici Tresniawati; Nur Kholilatul Izzah; Ilham Nur Ardhi Wicaksono; Indah Sulistyorini; Edi Wardiana
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 6, No 3 (2019): Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jtidp.v6n3.2019.p127-134

Abstract

Candlenut [Aleurites moluccana (L.) Willd.] is a perrenial plant that has high economic value. Information about vegetative and generative characters, as well as yield components that influence the yield is needed in the early stages of selection process in plant breeding. Selection of these characters can be done using Sequential Path Analysis (SPA) according to the plant development cycle, and then confirm the model using the Structural equation modeling (SEM) method. The aim of this study was to determine the vegetative characters and yield components that influence the candlenut production. The research was carried out at Pakuwon Experimental Station, Indonesian Industrial and Beverage Crops Research Institute, Sukabumi, from January to December 2018. Plant materials used in this study was 129 candlenut trees at 9 years old which were planted with a spacing of 10m x 10m. The data were analyzed using SPA followed by model confirmation using SEM method. The results showed that the production of seed was directly and positively influenced by the leaf petiole length, number of productive branches, seed weight, and number of fruits per tree, while the effect of stem height character is indirectly. Based on these results, plant selection based on vegetative characters such as leaf petiole length, number of productive branches, stem height character, number of fruits per tree and seed weight can be used to obtain high-yielding candlenut plants.
Co-Authors Budi Martono Cici Tresniawati Dani Dani Edi Wardiana Efi Taufiq ENNY RANDRIANI Handi Supriadi Indah Sulistiyorini Indah Sulistyorini Nur Kholilatul Izzah Nur Kholilatul Izzah Rubiyo Rubiyo Sudarsono Sudarsono Sukma, Dewi