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Pengaruh Umur Batang Bawah Terhadap Persentase Keberhasilan Okulasi Hijau pada Tiga Klon Karet (Hevea brasiliensis Muell Agr.) Nana Heryana; Saefudin Saefudin; Iing Sobari
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 1, No 2 (2014): Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jtidp.v1n2.2014.p95-100

Abstract

Perbanyakan karet (Hevea brasiliensis Muell. Agr.) dengan okulasi cokelat membutuhkan waktu yang lama dalam pembibitannya, sedangkan perbanyakan dengan okulasi hijau belum banyak dilakukan karena tingkat keberhasilan masih sangat rendah. Salah satu faktor yang diduga berpengaruh terhadap keberhasilan okulasi hijau adalah umur bibit batang bawah. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengetahui pengaruh perbedaan umur batang bawah terhadap persentase keberhasilan okulasi hijau pada tiga klon karet. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kebun Percobaan (KP.) Pakuwon, Balai Penelitian Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar pada bulan Januari-Desember 2013. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan petak terbagi, tiga ulangan dan ukuran petak 25 pohon. Petak utama adalah jenis klon batang bawah, terdiri dari 3 klon, yaitu K1 = AVROS 2037, K2 = PB 260, dan K3 = GT 1. Anak petak adalah umur batang bawah terdiri dari 4 taraf, yaitu U1 = 4 bulan, U2 = 5 bulan, U3 = 6 bulan, U4 = 7 bulan. Okulasi dilakukan dengan cara membuka kulit batang bawah, kemudian entres dimasukkan ke dalam jendela sayatan hasil pembukaan. Pengikatan sambungan dilakukan dengan menggunakan plastik khusus dengan cara dililitkan dari bawah ke atas. Pengamatan dilakukan terhadap persentase keberhasilan okulasi hijau pada umur tiga minggu setelah okulasi (MSO). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa keberhasilan okulasi hijau pada tanaman karet dipengaruhi oleh umur batang bawah. Untuk Klon PB 260 dan GT 1, makin tua umur batang bawah sampai maksimum 7 bulan di polybag maka semakin meningkat persentase keberhasilan okulasi, sedangkan pada klon AVROS 2037 belum memperlihatkan perbedaan yang nyata.Kata kunci: Hevea brasiliensis, umur batang bawah, klon, keberhasilan okulasi hijauPropagation of rubber (Hevea brasiliensis Muell. Agr.) using brown budding need a long time in the nursery, whereas the propagation usinggreen Budding has not yet been done due to the success rate is still very low. One of the factorthat might influence the successfulness of green budding is rootstock age.. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of different age of rootstock on the percentage of green budding success in three rubber clones. The experiment was conducted at the Pakuwon experimental station (ES), Indonesian Industrial and Beverage Crops Research Institute, from January-December 2013. The research was done using split plot design with three replications, and the plot size is 25 trees. The main plot was the type of clones used for rootstock that comprised of 3 clones: K1 = AVROS 2037, K2 = PB 260, and K3 = GT 1. Meanwhile, the subplots were rootstock age consists of 4 levels, namely: U1 = 4 months, U2 = 5 months, U3 = 6 months, U4 = 7 months. Observations were made on the percentage of green budding success at 3 weeks old after grafting . The results showed that the success of the green budding on the rubber plants is influenced by the age of rootstock. The use of rootstock up to 7 months old in polybag in PB 260 dan GT 1 clones would increase the percentage of grafting success, whereas AVROS 2037 clone did not show any significant different. 
Formula Pupuk Berimbang Tanaman Lada di Lampung Bambang Eka Tjahjana; Usman Daras; Nana Heryana
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 3, No 3 (2012): Buletin Riset Tanaman Rempah Dan Aneka Tanaman Industri
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jtidp.v3n3.2012.p239-244

Abstract

Rendahnya produktivitas lada di Lampung disebabkan antara lain belum dilakukannya budidaya yang optimal terutama dalam penggunaan pupuk. Rekomendasi pemupukan yang bersifat umum telah tersedia, tetapi banyak pekebun lada yang tidak mengikuti rekomendasi pemupukan yang sudah ada. Untuk mendapatkan dosis pemupukan yang optimal untuk tanaman lada diperlukan identifikasi karakter wilayah pengembangan. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kebun Percobaan Cahaya Negeri, Lampung, yang bertujuan mendapatkan formula pupuk NPK berimbang untuk menghasilkan data pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman lada secara optimal. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah petak terpisah (split plot design), dengan petak utama adalah formula pupuk NPK, yaitu 1)15:15:15, 2) 12:12:17, dan 3) 12:8:20; sedangkan sebagai anak petak adalah takaran pupuk, yaitu  1) 1.000, 2) 1.300, dan 3) 1.600 g/pohon/thn, serta diulang 3 kali. Pengamatan dilakukan terhadap jumlah cabang (sulur), jumlah daun/cabang, jumlah buku/sulur, tinggi tanaman, tinggi tajuk, jumlah cabang sekunder, diameter tajuk, panjang buku, panjang dan lebar daun, jumlah malai/cabang, berat buah/pohon, berat butir/pohon, panjang malai, jumlah buah jadi/malai dan berat buah 1000 butir, serta status hara tanah dan jaringan tanaman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat interaksi yang nyata antara formula dengan dosis pupuk pada pertumbuhan vegetatif tanaman lada. Indeks pertumbuhan tanaman lada tertinggi 168,13 terjadi pada formula NPK 12:12:17 pada dosis pupuk 1.600 g/pohon/th. Produksi buah per pohon (3.707,50 g) dan berat kering butir per pohon (1.046,75 g) tertinggi pada formula NPK 12:12:17 dengan dosis 1.600 g/pohon/th.  Balanced Fertilizer Formula for Black Pepper Cultivation in LampungABSTRACT Improper cultural practices applied by farmers in black pepper cultivation are believed to be the main constraint resulting low in its productivity. Fertilizer use is often to be major factor contributing to low yield as the crop are mostly grown in infertile soils. Though there is available general recommendation of fertilizer for the crops, but many farmers might not adopt the technology due to various reasons. When the price of black pepper is low, the existing prices of fertilizers are too expensive for farmers, so that they do not use fertilizers adequately for the crops or few if any. To obtain an optimal dose of fertilizer use, it is then needed identification of characters areas on which the crop is grown. A research was conducted in Cahaya Negeri Research Station, Lampung. The research aimed to obtain balanced NPK fertilizer formula giving optimal growth and yield of black pepper. A split plot design with three replications was used. The main plot was formula fertilizers (F): 1) NPK (15:15:15), 2) NPK (12:12:17), and 3) NPK (12:8:20); and the subplot was the dose of fertilizer (D): 1) 1.000 g/tree/yr, 2) 1.300 g tree/yr, and 3) 1.600 g/tree/yr. Parameters observed were the number of branches, the number of leaves/branches, the number of internode/vine, plant height, canopy height, the number of secondary branches, canopy diameter, the length of internode, leaf length, leaf width, the number of spike/branches, fruit weight/tree, grain weight/plant, spike length, fruit set/spike and 1.000 grain weight of pepper berry, and nutrient status of soil and plant tissue. The results show that there was no significant interaction noted between the formula and dose of fertilizers on the vegetative growth of black pepper. The highest growth index (168.130) was obtained on plants treated with added NPK 12:12:17 of 1.600 g/tree/year. The highest of yield and dry weight of pepper berry, 3.707.50 and 1.046.75 g/tree/yr respectively, were found on those ones treated with 1.600 g NPK 12:12:17/tree/year.
Kesesuaian Batang Bawah dan Batang Atas pada Grafting Jambu Mete Handi Supriadi; Nana Heryana
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 3, No 2 (2012): Buletin Riset Tanaman Rempah Dan Aneka Tanaman Industri
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jtidp.v3n2.2012.p117-124

Abstract

Produktivitas jambu mete Indonesia sampai saat ini masih tergolong rendah, penyebabnya antara lain: penggunaan bahan tanaman asalan, perbanyakan bahan tanaman yang masih menggunakan biji, dan belum diterapkannya teknologi budidaya anjuran. Usaha untuk meningkatkan produktivitas jambu mete salah satunya dapat dilakukan melalui perbaikan teknik kultivasi yaitu penggunaan bahan tanaman yang dikembangkan secara grafting dengan menggunakan batang atas dari varietas unggul dan batang bawah lokal terpilih. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengevaluasi tampilan pertumbuhan empat kombinasi grafting jambu mete dengan batang atas asal varietas unggul  dan batang bawah lokal terpilih di lapangan. Penelitian di lakukan di kebun percobaan (KP) Cikampek dari Januari 2009 sampai Desember 2011 dalam dua tahap. Tahap pertama (tahun 2009-2010) dilakukan di tingkat pembibitan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok dan tiga ulangan. Perlakukan yang diuji yaitu: S1 (Tanjung Bunga + Meteor JK), S2 (Tanjung Bunga + B O2),  S3 (Tanjung Bunga + SM 9),  S4 (Tiwatobi + Meteor JK), S5 (Tiwatobi + B O2), S6 (Tiwatobi + SM 9), S7 (Ende + Meteor JK), S8 (Ende + B O2) dan S9 (Ende + SM 9).  Penelitian tahap kedua (tahun 2010 – 2011) dilakukan di lapangan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok dan enam ulangan. Perlakuan yang di uji adalah  empat kombinasi grafting jambu mete yaitu: G1 (Tanjung Bunga + Meteor JK), G2 (Tanjung Bunga + B 02), G3 (Tiwatobi + Meteor JK), dan G4 (Ende + B 02).  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada pembibitan kombinasi grafting S1 mempunyai persentase keberhasilan yang nyata lebih tinggi dibandingkan kombinasi S2, S3, S4, S5, S6, S7 dan S9, kecuali dengan kombinasi S8  tidak berbeda nyata. Pada tingkat lapang kombinasi grafting G1 sampai umur enam bulan di lapang menunjukkan pertumbuhan terbaik yang nyata lebih baik  dibandingkan kombinasi grafting  G2, G3, dan G4.  Koefisien korelasi antara komponen pertumbuhan (tinggi tanaman, diameter batang, lebar tajuk, jumlah cabang dan jumlah daun) pada grafting jambu mete mempunyai nilai nyata positif. Suitability of Rootstocks and Scions in Cashew Grafting ABSTRACT Indonesian cashew productivity is still relatively low mainly due to the use of imferior planting materials developed from seeds, and improper cultural practices applied by farmers. An effort to increase the productivity of cashew is the use of grafted seedlings developed from combination of scions of high yielding varieties and locally selected cashew accessions as rootstock. The objective of this study was to evaluate growth performance of grafted cashew developed from combination of scions of two high yielding varieties and three locally elected accessions. The study was conducted at Cikampek Research Station from January 2009 to December 2011, in two sequent phases. The first phase  (years 2009 to 2010) was conducted at the nursery level by using a randomized block design with three replications. Treatments tested were: S1 (Tanjung Bunga + Meteor JK), S2 (Tanjung Bunga + B O2), S3 (Tanjung Bunga + SM 9),  S4 (Tiwatobi + Meteor JK), S5 (Tiwatobi + B O2),  S6 (Tiwatobi + SM 9),  S7 (Ende + Meteor JK),  S8 (Ende + B O2) and S9 (Ende + SM 9). The second phase was carried out in years 2010 to 2011 at the field level.  A randomized block design with six replications was used.  The treatments tested were four combination of grafted cashew, namely: G1 (Tanjung Bunga + Meteor JK), G2 (Tanjung Bunga + B 02), G3 (Tiwatobi + Meteor JK), dan  G4 (Ende + B 02). Results showed  at the nursery level, the combination of  S1 had the highest rate of success being significantly higher than those of S2, S3, S4, S5, S6, S7 and S9, but  not for S8. At the field level, the combination G1 accessions yielded the best one. It was much better than those of G2, G3, and G4. Correlation coefficient between the components of growth (plant height, stem diameter, crown width, number of branches and number of leaves) on the grafting of cashew  has a positive value significantly.
KARAKTER MORFOLOGI PALA ASAL GRAFTING MENGGUNAKAN CABANG ORTOTROP DAN PLAGIOTROP Rusli Rusli; Nana Heryana
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 3, No 3 (2012): Buletin Riset Tanaman Rempah Dan Aneka Tanaman Industri
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jtidp.v3n3.2012.p263-268

Abstract

Tanaman pala dapat diperbanyak secara grafting dengan cara menyambung pucuk dari tanaman induk terpilih sebagai batang atas dan anakan dari biji sebagai batang bawah. Pucuk (entres) dapat berasal dari cabang ortotrop atau dari cabang plagiotrop. Penelitian  bertujuan mendapatkan sumber entres yang baik  untuk grafting tanaman pala. Penelitian telah dilaksanakan dari tahun 2010 sampai 2012 di Kebun Percobaan Sukamulya, Sukabumi dengan ketinggian tempat 350 m dari permukaan laut, jenis iklim B (Schmidt and Ferguson), dan jenis tanah latosol merah. Penelitian dirancang dengan 2 perlakuan yaitu tanaman pala yang berasal  grafting dengan entres asal cabang ortotrop dan yang berasal dari cabang plagiotrop. Jumlah tanaman masing-masing 10 tanaman, pengamatan meliputi tinggi batang, tinggi tanaman, diameter batang, jumlah cabang, panjang daun, lebar daun, luas daun, jumlah daun,  indek luas daun (ILD), dan bentuk kanopi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tanaman pala yang berasal dari grafting dengan pucuk asal cabang ortotrop mempunyai tinggi batang, tinggi tanaman, diameter batang, jumlah cabang, panjang daun, luas daun, jumlah daun, dan ILD yang lebih baik dibandingkan tanaman pala yang berasal dari benih grafting dengan pucuk yang berasal dari cabang plagiotrop. Demikian juga bentuk kanopi tanaman pala yang berasal dari grafting dengan pucuk asal cabang ortotrop, kanopi lebih sempurna tumbuh ke atas, sedangkan yang berasal dari pucuk plagiotrop tumbuhnya menyamping.MORPHOLOGY CHARACTER OF NUTMEG RAISED BY GRAFTING TECHNIC USING PLAGIOTROP AND ORTOTROP BRANCHABSTRACT Nutmeg plant may be multiplicated through grafting technique by splicing of young shoots (entrees) as upper parts onto seedlings as a bottom parts. The both parts are usually taken from selected perennial lines or the mother plants. The young shoots are usually taken from orthotropic or plagiothrop branches.  A study was conducted at Sukamulya Research Station (Sukabumi) with elevation of 350 m above sea level,  the climate type of B (Schmidt and Fergusson), and soil type of red latosol  from 2010 to 2012. The aim of this study was to find out good entrees in providing of grafted seedlings in nutmeg plant. The treatments evaluated were the use of entrees taken from ortothrop and plagiothrop branches. A number of sampled plants observed were 10 plants of each treatment, whereas parameters observed were plant height, stem diameter, number of branches, length leaf, leaf area index, number of leaves and shape of canopy. The results shows that grafted nutmeg plants developed from ortothrop branches had higher in plant height, stem diameter, number of branches, length of leaf, leaf area index, number of leaf and shape of the canopy showing a good their performance  and significantly different compared to those of plagiothrop branches. In addition, the former was growth up vertically, while the later was growth up horizontally.
Rootstock Growth and Green Budding Success of Rubber Plant in Different Sizes of Polybag and Growing Media Rusli Rusli; Nana Heryana; Saefudin Saefudin
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 1, No 3 (2014): Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jtidp.v1n3.2014.p141-148

Abstract

Volume and type of growing media is important to support the growth of rubber seedling (Hevea brasiliensis) for rootstocks. The objective of this study was to determine the growth of rootstock and green budding success of rubber plants in different size of polybag and growing media. The research was carried out since January to December 2013 at the Pakuwon experimental garden, Parungkuda District, Sukabumi Regency, West Java. The study used a randomized block design (RBD) in factorial with two factors and three replications. The first factor is the sizes of polybag: (1) 30 ´ 20 cm, (2) 35 ´ 20 cm, and (3) 40 ´ 20 cm. Meanwhile, the second factor is the growing medium that consists of the mixture of soil and cow manure with 4 proportions: (1) 1 : 0, (2) 3 : 1, (3) 2 : 1, and (4) 1 : 1. Observations were made on the growth of pre-budding rootstock including seedling height, seedling diameter, number of leaves, and the success percentage of green budding. The results showed that the size of polybag has positive effect on the growth of the rubber seedling as rootstock at 6 months old after planting. Moreover, the use of large sizes of polybag (30 x 20–40 x 20 cm) was good for the growth of rootstocks that would be used for green budding. In addition, growing media that consisted of soil and cow manure at a comparison of 1 : 1 gave the highest effect on the growth of rootstock as well as the highest percentage of green budding success. However, there is no interaction between the size of polybag and growing media to the growth of rootstock and green budding success.
Estimated Stored Carbon Stock in Tea Plantation at Various Elevation Dewi Nur Rokhmah; Nana Heryana
Jurnal Tanah dan Iklim (Indonesian Soil and Climate Journal) Vol 45, No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Sumberdaya Lahan Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jti.v45n2.2021.155-162

Abstract

The tea plant is a plantation crop that has been widely cultivated in Indonesia and provides potential as a carbon dioxide absorption to decrease global warming. However, the potential for carbon dioxide absorption at various altitudes where tea is grown is not widely known. The research objective was to estimate the potential biomass, carbon stock, and CO2 (carbon dioxide) uptake of tea plants at several planting elevations. The research was conducted in the PTPN VIII garden in Parakan Salak afdeling, Sukabumi, West Java and the Integrated Laboratory, Industrial and Freshener Crops Research Institute, Sukabumi, West Java in March 2018. The research was carried out using a survey method and the determination of sample plants at each height by purposive method random sampling. Data were collected at an elevation of 400, 600, and 800 m above sea level (asl) respectively. The results showed that the carbon stocks of tea plants at an elevation of 400, 600, 800 m asl were 6.82 kg/plant, 6.36 kg/plant, and 3.13 kg/plant, respectively. Meanwhile, the absorption of carbondioxide from tea palnts at an elevation of 400, 600, 800 m asl was 25.02 kg/plant, 23.36 kg/plant, and 11.47 kg/plant, respectively.
Co-Authors Bambang Eka Tjahjana Dewi Nur Rokhmah Handi Supriadi Iing Sobari Rusli Rusli Saefudin Saefudin Usman Daras