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All Journal Medicina E-Jurnal Medika Udayana Jurnal Veteriner Indonesia Medicus Veterinus Jurnal Medik Veteriner ISM (Intisari Sains Medis) : Jurnal Kedokteran Jurnal Kedokteran: Media Informasi Ilmu Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Journal of Health Sciences and Medicine Journal of Global Pharma Technology Journal of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases
Komang Januartha Putra Pinatih
Departemen Mikrobiologi, Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Udayana, Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health Veterinary

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DETEKSI KEBERADAAN GEN hla SEBAGAI GEN PENYANDI ?-TOXIN HEMOLYSIN PADA ISOLAT METHICILLIN-RESISTANT STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS (MRSA) TERISOLASI DI LABORATORIUM MIKROBIOLOGI KLINIK RSUP PROF. DR. I.G.N.G. NGOERAH Saraswati, I Gusti Ayu Agung Putri Indria; Fatmawati, Ni Nengah Dwi; Darwinata, Agus Eka; Pinatih, Komang Januartha Putra
E-Jurnal Medika Udayana Vol 12 No 9 (2023): E-Jurnal Medika Udayana
Publisher : Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/MU.2023.V12.i09.P18

Abstract

Latar Belakang : MDROs adalah mikrooganisme yang resisten terhadap beberapa antibiotic. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) termasuk ke dalam MDROs, dimana dapat menyebabkan beberapa penyakit pada manusia seperti misalnya keracunan makanan dan infeksi kulit. Alfa-hemolysin merupakan salah satu faktor virulensi yang dimiliki oleh bakteri S. aureus termasuk MRSA. Faktor virulensi ini banyak berkontribusi dalam patogenesis beberapa penyakit dan infeksi pada tubuh manusia, beberapa diantaranya adalah pneumonia, abses otak, sepsis, infeksi kornea, sepsis artritis, bakteremia, trombositopenia. Oleh karena itu, sangat penting untuk dilakukan deteksi secara genotif terhadap keberadaan faktor virulensi ini dengan mendeteksi gen hla sebagai penyandi protein ?-hemolysin. Tujuan : Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keberadaan gen hla sebagai gen penyandi ?-hemolysin pada isolat MRSA di Laboratorium Mikrobiologi Klinik RSUP Prof. dr. I.G.N.G. Ngoerah, Denpasar, Bali. Metode : Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian potong lintang (cross-sectional) deskriptif. Sampel penelitian ini berjumlah 29 buah dan diambil dari stok gliserol MRSA di Laboratorium Mikrobiologi Klinik RSUP Prof. dr. I.G.N.G. Ngoerah, kemudian MRSA ditumbuhkan pada media agar darah. Selanjutnya, dilakukan isolasi DNA dengan menggunakan metode boiling. PCR dan elektroforesis dilakukan di Unit Laboratorium Biomedik Terpadu FK Unud divisi Bakteriologi dan Virologi. Setelah didapatkan hasil secara genotif, dilakukan inokulasi 2 sampel yang positif gen hla dan 2 sampel yang negative gen hla untuk konfirmasi secara fenotif keberadaan faktor virulensi ?-hemolysin. Hasil : Sebanyak 29 sampel yang diteliti, ditemukan sejumlah 7 sampel (24.14%) yang memiliki gen hla. Sejumlah 2 sampel (6.90%) berasal dari isolat darah, dan 5 sampel (14.24%) berasal dari isolat jaringan luka. Hasil inokulasi menunjukkan dari 4 sampel, sejumlah 3 sampel menunjukkan hasil positif ?-hemolysis dan 1 sampel tidak terdapat zona hemolysis. Simpulan : Berdasarkan penelitian yang dilakukan pada isolat MRSA yang terisolasi dari spesimen klinis di RSUP Prof. dr. I.G.N.G. Ngoerah pada tahun 2021, terdeteksi gen penyandi ?-toxin hemolysin (hla) dengan persentase sebesar 24.14%. Namun demikian terdapat perbedaan hasil antara deteksi genotif dan fenotif, mengindikasikan bahwa terdapat faktor virulensi lain yang dimiliki oleh MRSA untuk menimbulkan hemolisis.
Rare case of human Streptococcus suis purpura fulminans at Prof. Ngoerah Hospital, Denpasar, Bali Nara Dhany, Henri; Tarini, Ni Made Adi; Putrawan, Ida Bagus Putu; Pinatih, Komang Januartha Putra
Journal of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases Vol. 4 No. 2 (2024): Available online : 1 December 2024
Publisher : Indonesian Society for Clinical Microbiology (Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Mikrobiologi Klinik Indonesia)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51559/jcmid.v4i2.63

Abstract

Background: Streptococcus suis (S. suis) is a zoonotic bacterium capable of causing severe infections in humans, particularly those with occupational exposure to pigs or pork products. Notable manifestations include meningitis, endocarditis, sepsis, and distinct skin conditions such as purpura and necrotic lesions. Southeast Asia reports the highest incidence, correlating with prevalent pig farming practices. Though infrequent, S. suis infections can lead to severe outcomes if not promptly diagnosed and treated. Case Presentation: We present a case involving a 73-year-old Balinese man without recent exposure to pigs or pork but with a history of pork consumption six months prior. He was admitted with symptoms including skin discoloration, respiratory distress, and loss of consciousness. Physical and laboratory examinations revealed pleural effusion, pneumonia, and high procalcitonin levels. Blood cultures identified S. suis, confirmed by VITEK® 2 system with susceptibility to multiple antibiotics, except tetracycline. Despite initial treatment with ceftriaxone, azithromycin, and levofloxacin; the patient’s condition deteriorated, resulting in a fatal outcome. Conclusion: This case underscores the importance of early diagnosis and rapid antibiotic intervention in S. suis infection. Delay in hospitalization significantly impacts prognosis, and timely, targeted treatment could improve survival rates. Enhanced awareness and preventive strategies in high-risk areas are vital to reducing the incidence and mortality associated with this infection.
Identification and antibiotic susceptibility of Gram-positive bacteria exhibiting β-hemolysis isolated from traditional pig farms in Bali, Indonesia Suardana, I Wayan; Bire, Ienioliski L. O. Rohi; Pinatih, Komang Januartha Putra
Jurnal Medik Veteriner Vol. 9 No. 1 (2026): April
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jmv.vol9.iss1.2026.1-15

Abstract

Pig farming in Bali plays a critical role from a One Health perspective, as zoonotic cases originating from pigs have been documented, including human infections caused by Gram-positive bacteria such as Streptococcus suis. Furthermore, farmers in affected areas often administer medications, including amoxicillin, chloramphenicol, and streptomycin, without adhering to appropriate dosages, treatment durations, or disease-specific indications. Considering the complexity of this issue, the identification of β-hemolytic Gram-positive bacteria isolated from traditional pig farms in Bali is warranted to address public health concerns. This study began with the cultivation of eight bacterial isolates obtained from the tonsils and nasal cavities of pigs on blood agar media. Subsequent analyses included Gram staining and catalase, oxidase, and salt tolerance testing. Molecular identification was performed through 16S rRNA gene analysis. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was conducted using the Kirby–Bauer disk diffusion method. The results indicated that all eight isolates were Gram-positive and exhibited β-hemolysis. Molecular identification revealed that six isolates were Enterococcus faecalis, one isolate was classified as Staphylococcus spp., and one isolate as E. casseliflavus. Antibiotic susceptibility testing demonstrated that all isolates remained sensitive to amoxicillin, chloramphenicol, and streptomycin. Nevertheless, the prudent use of antibiotics remains essential to prevent zoonotic transmission and the development of antimicrobial resistance.
Co-Authors Agus Eka Darwinata Agus Roy Rusly Hariantana Hamid Amy Yelly Bire, Ienioliski L. O. Rohi D. A. Widiasih Dhyana Ratmaja, I Gusti Agung Ngurah Dwi Lestari Dyah Ayu Widiasih Gede Wara Samsarga Samsarga I Dewa Ayu Rayna Nareswari Wikananda I Dewa Made Sukrama I G A Aristi Dhika Pranani I Gede Sathya Agastya I Gede Wikania Wira Wiguna I Gusti Agung Istri Gladys Elsyaningrat I Gusti Putu Hendra Sanjaya I Kadek Jaya Santika I Made Gustama Heryawan I Nyoman Arnatha I Putu Gede Septiawan Saputra I Wayan Suardana Ida Ayu Putu Putri Andari Ida Ayu Santhi Pertiwi Manuaba Ida Bagus Aditya Bhaskara Ida Bagus Putu Putrawan Ida Sri Iswari Kadek Adit Wiryadana Luh Putu Dea Sasmita Pralambari Made Agus Hendrayana Maharani, Ida Ayu Komang Ananta Mita Ekamelinda Nara Dhany, Henri Ni Luh Ranthi Kurniawathi Ni Made Adi Tarini Ni Made Ratih Purnama Dewi Ni Nengah Dwi Fatmawati Ni Nyoman Sri Budayanti Ni Putu Eka Umarista Apriliani Oktivia Chandra Mustika, Oktivia Chandra Putu Indri Widiani Rachmy Hamdiyati Rian Ka Praja Saraswati, I Gusti Ayu Agung Putri Indria Surya Putra, I Gusti Agung Utama Yosi Kusuma