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ARUNG, TOPANRITA DAN ANREGURUTTA DALAM MASYARAKAT BUGIS ABAD XX Halim, Wahyuddin
Al-Ulum Vol 12, No 2 (2012): Al-Ulum
Publisher : Institut Agama Islam Negeri (IAIN) Sultan Amai Gorontalo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (122.763 KB)

Artikel ini berupaya mengulas pengertian beberapa konsep kunci berkaitan dengan otoritas politik dan agama dalam masyarakat Bugis di Sulawesi Selatan, khususnya sejak abad ke-20, seperti arung (bangsawan), topanrita (cendekiawan) dan anregurutta (kiyai). Setelah menganalisis pergeseran makna dari konsep-konsep tersebut, artikel ini berupaya merunut relasi antara otoritas tradisional (arung) dengan sosok topanrita yang, dalam makna tradisionalnya, identik dengan konsep cendekiawan dalam masyarakat modern. Setelah menunjukkan peralihan makna dari konsep topanrita sehingga lebih merepresentasikan sosok ulama tradisional dalam masyarakat Bugis, artikel ini menyimpukan, salah satu faktor penencapaian masa keemasan kerajaan-kerajaan Bugis-Makassar di masa lalu adalah karena adanya relasi yang bersifat kritis dan simbiotik antara otoritas politik (arung) dan sosial-agama (topanrita atau anregurutta) dalam kerajaan-kerajaan tersebut.-----------------------------------This article attempts to review some understanding of key concepts related to political and religious authority in the Bugis people of South Sulawesi, particularly since the 20th century, such as arung (nobility), topanrita (scholar) and anregurutta (Islamic scholar). After analyzing the shift in the meaning of these concepts, this article seeks to trace the relationship between traditional authorities (white) with topanrita figure that, in the traditional sense, synonymous with the concept of intellectuals in modern society. After pointing out the meaning of the concept of transition topanrita so much represents the traditional ulama in Bugis society, the article concluded, among other factors of golden era of kingdoms Bugis-Makassar in the past is because of the critical relationship between political authority and symbiotic (arung) and socio-religious (anregurutta or topanrita) in these kingdoms.

EKSPLORASI ATAS PRAKTIK DAN NILAI-NILAI DEMOKRASI DALAM KERAJAAN WAJO’ ABAD KE-15/16 DAN KOMPATIBILITASNYA DENGAN SISTEM DEMOKRASI MODERN Halim, Wahyuddin
Jurnal Masyarakat dan Budaya Vol 18, No 2 (2016)
Publisher : P2KK LIPI

This paper explores the practice of democratic values in political system of the traditional Bugis state or kingdom of Wajo’ in South Sulawesi during its golden era around the end of the 15th and the early 16th century. Long before similar values were established in the 18th century Europe, in Wajo’ they had been part of the state system, developing Wajo’ as unique kingdom among other Bugis-Makassar kingdoms in the southern Sulawesi. Some scholars have claimed Wajo’ as ‘democratic-aristocratic kingdom’ (Pelras, 2006), ‘aristocratic republic’ (Mattulada, 1991a), and ‘democratic kingdom’ (Abidin, 1983). Based on literature review on the traditional manuscripts (B. Lontara’), as have been transliterated and explained by some scholars of Bugis history and culture, I describe some democratic practices in Wajo’ political and moral system (pangngadereng), such as the state’s acknowledgment and respect to its people’s right for freedom, the freedom of speech, the existence of a board of the highest lords which is similar to people’s representative body in the modern political system, the king election, and the people’s equal right before the law. Keywords: Democracy, local wisdom, political system, Wajo’ kingdom, freedom Tulisan ini menggali praktik nilai-nilai demokrasi dalam sistem politik dari kerajaan Bugis tradisional Wajo’ di Sulawesi Selatan selama era kejayaannya pada sekitar akhir abad ke-15 dan awal abad ke-16. Lama sebelum nilai-nilai yang kurang lebih sama dipraktikkan di Eropa pada abad ke-18, nilai-nilai tersebut telah menjadi sistem kerajaan di Wajo’, dan membuatnya menjadi kerajaan yang cukup unik di antara kerajaan-kerajaan Bugis-Makassar lainnya di bagian selatan Pulau Sulawesi. Beberapa sarjana telah menyebut Wajo’ sebagai ‘kerajaan aristokratik demokratis’ (Pelras, 2006), ‘republik aristokratis’ (Mattulada, 1991a) dan ‘kerajaan demokratis’ (Abidin, 1983). Berdasarkan atas pembacaan cermat atas sejumlah manuskrip tradisional (Bugis: Lontara’), sebagaimana ditransliterasi dan diulas oleh beberapa pakar sejarah dan budaya Bugis, penulis mendeskripsikan beberapa praktik dasar demokrasi dalam sistem politik dan moral (pangngadereng) seperti pengakuan dan penghormatan kerajaan atas hak-hak kebebasan rakyatnya, adanya kebebasan berbicara, adanya dewan pertuanan tertinggi yang agak menyerupai dewan perwakilan rakyat di sistem demokrasi politik modern, sistem pemilihan raja dan kesamaan hak semua orang di hadapan hukum. Kata kunci: Demokrasi, Kearifan Lokal, Sistem Politik, Kerajaan Wajo’, Kebebasan

The Mass Production of Religious Authority: A Study on a Ma'had Aly Program in South Sulawesi, Indonesia Halim, Wahyuddin
Islamic Studies Review Vol. 1 No. 2 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Internasional Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56529/isr.v1i2.83

The rise of new Muslim organizations in Indonesia after the reform movement in 1998 has produced a new type of religious authority, particularly through the emergence of popular preachers. Television and social media platforms are among the key factors in helping these new sources of religious authority gain instant popularity in the Muslim community. Many of those fitting this new type of preacher are relatively junior, starting their career by delivering religious speeches to diverse Islamic study groups in urban areas before appearing on television and various social media platforms. Their popularity has influenced the way the Muslim communities in Indonesia view and respect the status and role of traditional Islamic authority (ulama). For a long time, the traditional type of ulama has functioned as the most authoritative source of religious knowledge and learning for the Muslim community. This paper describes the important role of the graduates of a tertiary Islamic education program for producing junior ulama, the Ma’had ‘Aly As‘adiyah, in the field of Islamic education and da‘wa (Islamic preaching) and how it has adapted its teaching methodology to suit current developments in those fields. This research finds that while maintaining traditional da‘wa methods for local communities, some Ma‘had Aly graduates have also taken advantage of various new digital media platforms to reach more diverse and wider audiences. This research argues that Ma’had ‘Aly As‘adiyah has consistently trained and produced new ulama with high competence in various disciplines of Islamic knowledge and an ability to respond and adapt to contemporary socio-religious changes partly generated by the disruptive development of new media.

PERAN PESANTREN DALAM WACANA DAN PEMBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT MADANI Halim, Wahyuddin
AKADEMIKA: Jurnal Pemikiran Islam Vol 22 No 2 (2017): Ekonomi Islam dan Pemberdayaan Masyarakat
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat, Institut Agama Islam Negeri Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32332/akademika.v22i2.976

Abstrak Di Indonesia, wacana tentang civil society atau masyarakat sipil bermula pada sekitar akhir dekade 1990-an. Hal itu merupakan respons terhadap wacana yang sama yang juga sedang hangat diperbincangkan secara global sejak sekitar pertengahan dekade yang sama. Namun demikian, di Indonesia pada awalnya wacana bahkan perdebatan tentang civil society terbatas pada kalangan intelektual, akademisi kampus dan aktivis lembaga swadaya masyarakat. Dalam berbagai diskursus akademik dan non-akademik tentang civil society, isu pertama berkaitan dengan padanan atau terjemahan mana yang tepat bagi konsep itu untuk konteks Indonesia. Ada pihak yang memilih mempertahankan istilah bahasa Inggris civil society, ada juga yang menawarkan terjemahan ‘masyarakat sipil’, ‘masyarakat kewargaan’, ‘masyarakat warga’, dan ‘masyarakat madani’. Medan diskursif kedua berkaitan dengan pemahaman dan pemaknaan terhadap konsep civil society dan kompatibilitas penerapannya dalam konteks masyarakat Indonesia. Artikel ini menyoroti secara khusus perbedaan pandangan antara kalangan ‘tradisionalis’ dan ‘modernis’ Muslim di Indonesia dalam memahami dan memaknai konsep civil socity. Secara khusus, artikel ini berupaya mengeksplorasi eksistensi pesantren sebagai institusi pendidikan Islam tertua dan terbesar di Indonesia dalam memerankan diri sebagai salah satu elemen civil society yang, pada gilirannya, dapat berkontribusi signifikan dalam upaya transformasi dan pemberdayaan masyarakat sipil sebagai bagian dari proses konsolidasi demokrasi di Indonesia yang masih terus berlangsung. Kata Kunci: civil society, masyarakat madani, pesantren, pemberdayaan, Muslim tradisionalis, Muslim modernis. Abstract In Indonesia, the discourse on civil society began in around the end of the1990s. It is a response to the same discourse that was also being warmly discussed globally since around the middle of the same decade. However, in Indonesia at first discourse even the debate about civil society is limited to intellectuals, campus academics, and activists of non-governmental organizations. In academic and non-academic discourses on civil society, the first issue relates to which equivalent or translation is most appropriate for that concept for the Indonesian context. Some people choose to retain the English term civil society, some others offer Indonesia translations such as ‘masyarakat sipil’, ‘masyarakat kewargaan’, ‘masyarakat warga’, dan ‘masyarakat madani’. The second discursive field is concerned with the understanding of and giving meaning to the conept of civil society and the compatibility of its application in the context of Indonesian society. This article highlights the different views between Muslim 'traditionalists' and 'modernists' in Indonesia in understanding and giving new meanings to the concept of civil socity. In particular, this article seeks to explore the existence of pesantren as the oldest and largest Islamic educational institution in Indonesia in acting as one of the elements of civil society that, in turn, can contribute significantly to the transformation and empowerment of civil society as part of the ongoing process of democratic consolidation in Indonesia. Keywords: civil society, masyarakat madani, pesantren, empowerment, traditionalist Muslim, modernist Muslim

The Transformation of Communal Spirituality: A Phenomenological Study of the Sowing of Religious Literacy and Ideology in Tabbae, Benteng Tellue Village, Bone Regency Nurhalisa, Nurhalisa; Halim, Wahyuddin; H, Darmawati; Sastrawaty, Nila; Muslim, Asrul
Al Qalam: Jurnal Ilmiah Keagamaan dan Kemasyarakatan Vol. 19, No. 5 : Al Qalam (September 2025)
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Al-Qur'an (STIQ) Amuntai Kalimantan Selatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35931/aq.v19i5.4743

This study highlights the spiritual transformation experienced by the Tabbaqé community, located in Benteng Tellue Village, Amali District, Bone Regency, known as the "Texas Village." This study aims to understand the transformation that occurs in the community's daily behavior that is influenced by the religious dimension. The type of research used is field research using historical, phenomenological, and ethnographic approaches. This study reveals the background of the formation of negative stigma against the Tabbae community and their self- and collective identity. This study also highlights how the spirituality of the Tabbaqé community both in the past and in the present and the important role of religious leaders in transforming religious life patterns. This study shows that religious literacy plays a significant role in changing the negative stigma attached to the Tabbaqé community using stigma theory. It was found that changes in the community's social identity occurred through a process of negotiation of meaning between individuals and external groups. The previously entrenched stigma began to erode with increased understanding of religion and better spiritual practices. Meanwhile, from the perspective of tazkiyah an-nafs, the spiritual transformation that occurs helps people purify their souls to build collective awareness in living a life that is more based on religious values.

Muhammadiyah Bugis-Makassar: Dispersal of Muslim Organizations in and from South Sulawesi, Indonesia Halim, Wahyuddin; Nubowo, Andar
Studia Islamika Vol. 32 No. 2 (2025): Studia Islamika
Publisher : Center for Study of Islam and Society (PPIM) Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36712/sdi.v32i2.42544

This study examines the dispersal of Islamic authority within Muhammadiyah in South Sulawesi and how local cultural values influence Islamic reformism. It highlights the emergence of new organizations such as Darul Istiqamah, Hidayatullah, and Wahdah Islamiyah, founded by Muhammadiyah activists with distinct institutional paths. These organizations emerged through ideological shift, cultural entrepreneurship, and political opportunity. Bugis-Makassar values, particularly siri’ (shame and dignity) and pessé/paccé (solidarity), promote independent leadership and institutional creation over internal compromise. Drawing on political opportunity, resource mobilization, and sectarianization theories, the study shows that religious authority dispersal is shaped by local socio-cultural logics. The Darul Islam movement’s legacy further supports more rigid reformist visions. Rather than fragmentation, this process reflects culturally mediated adaptation and innovation. The concept of “Muhammadiyah Bugis-Makassar” illustrates how local cultural dynamics catalyze Islamic reform into networked activism, where regional values reshape organizational boundaries and influence broader Islamic movements. This framework offers insights into cultural mediation of Islamic reform trajectories across Indonesia.

Friedrich Nietzsche's Thoughts on Authentic Life From an Islamic Perspective Masita, Masita; Barsihannor, Barsihannor; Halim, Wahyuddin; Latif, Muhaemin; Abdullah`, Abdullah
Journal La Sociale Vol. 6 No. 6 (2025): Journal La Sociale
Publisher : Borong Newinera Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37899/journal-la-sociale.v6i6.2470

The contemporary era faces a profound crisis of identity and meaning, often characterized by nihilism, which challenges individuals to forge personal meaning in a world increasingly devoid of inherent value. This study investigates the genealogy of Friedrich Nietzsche's thought on authentic life, comparing it with the Islamic concept of Insan Kamil within the Sufi tradition to address modern alienation. Adopting a qualitative library research design, the study uses interpretation and comparative analysis of primary philosophical and key Islamic literature. This method enables in-depth examination of their conceptual convergences and divergences. The research finds that despite distinct ontological foundations, both Nietzsche's Ubermensch and the Islamic Insan Kamil emphasize self-examination, conscious living, and the active creation of meaning. Nietzsche's critique of inherited morality resonates with Islamic teachings against blind imitation and hypocrisy, while his call for authentic self-assertion parallels Sufi principles of ego-struggle and spiritual purification. This comparative analysis offers novel frameworks for understanding and potentially mitigating contemporary issues like burnout, toxic positivity, and spiritual emptiness. The study concludes that both philosophies provide robust pathways toward genuine authenticity and purpose, underscoring the urgent need for conscious, responsible living in a rapidly changing world.

Online Halaqah:The Adoption of Digital Media Technology for Religious Learning in Pesantren As‘adiyah, Wajo, South Sulawesi Halim, Wahyuddin; Akbar , Akbar; Tahir, Tarmizi
Al-Ulum Vol. 24 No. 2 (2024): Al-Ulum
Publisher : Institut Agama Islam Negeri (IAIN) Sultan Amai Gorontalo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30603/au.v24i2.5759

This study examines the use of digital media by Pesantren As'adiyah in South Sulawesi through its online halaqah program, initiated during the Covid-19 pandemic. Employing a qualitative approach, data were gathered through both online and offline fieldworkin Wajo and other regions in Indonesia and analyzed using a thematic approach. The findings reveal that the primary objective of the online halaqah was to accommodate students returning to their hometowns during the pandemic. Over time, however, it expanded to include a broader audience. Pesantren adapted its methods and duration to align with the online format, which has recently evolved into a parallel coverage of offline halaqah held at the pesantren. In conclusion, despite its limited impact, the online halaqah has contributed to maintaining religious education, embraced digital technology, and extended its benefits to a wider community

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