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All Journal Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Jurnal Natural Aceh International Journal of Science and Technology
Saiful Saiful
Chemistry Department, FMIPA Universitas Syiah Kuala Darussalam- 23111,Banda Aceh Indonesia
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Astronomy Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Control & Systems Engineering Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Earth & Planetary Sciences Energy Immunology & microbiology Neuroscience Physics

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NUTRITIONAL COMPOSITION OF DIOSCOREA HISPIDA FROM DIFFERENT LOCATIONS AROUND LEUSER ECOSYSTEM AREA Sitti Saleha; Nurdin Saidi; Saiful .; Murniana .; Saida Rasnovi; Teuku M. Iqbalsyah
Jurnal Natural Volume 18, Number 1, February 2018
Publisher : Universitas Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24815/jn.v18i1.8504

Abstract

Proximate analysis of Dioscorea hispida tubers, collected from five locations around Leuser ecosystem in Aceh Province, showed variations amongst samples. Standard AOAC method for proximate analysis of the fresh weight showed that the water content varied between 15.8 - 37.8%, crude protein 1.13 -6.20%, crude lipid 1.99 - 9.36% and ash 0.29 - 1.24%. The total carbohydrate was high, i.e. between 58.3 -71.9%. The main mineral was phosphorus, with a value of 11.7 - 46.9 mg/100g. These variations could be due to soil, climate and weather factors, as well as postharvest handling. Phytochemical tests showed that all of the samples contained alkaloids and terpenoids. One of the samples (LP) also contained phenol and steroid. The high cyanide content in the tubers (379 - 739 ppm) was easily removed by repeated washing. The cyanide level dropped significantly after the 3rd wash. Information on nutritional content in D. hispida is essential for planning its utilization. Increasing the economic value of D. hispida is expected to attract people around the Leuser ecosystem to cultivate and utilize it, thereby reducing illegal forest encroachment.Keywords: Dioscorea hispida, proximate, Leuser, janeng, gadung, starchREFERENCESBarton H 2014 Yams: Origins and Development, Encyclopaedia of Global Archaeology, p 7943-7947, (Springer. DOI 10.1007/978-1-4419-0465-2_2193).Obidiegwu J E and Akpabio E M 2017 The Geography of Yam Cultivation in Southern Nigeria: Exploring Its Social Meanings and Cultural Functions J. Ethnic Foods 4 28-35.Chandrasekara A and Kumar T J 2016 Roots and Tuber Crops as Functional Foods: A Review on Phytochemical Constituents and Their Potential Health Benefits Intl. J. Food Sci. 2016 1-15.Kumar S, Das G, Shin H-S and Patra J K 2017 Dioscorea spp. (A Wild Edible Tuber): A Study on Its Ethnopharmacological Potential and Traditional Use by the Local People of Similipal Biosphere Reserve India Front. 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Polym. 55 3–8.Barsby T L, Donald A M, Frazier P J, Donald A M, Perry P A and Waigh T A 2001 The Impact of Internal Granule Structure on Processing and Properties in Starch: Advances in Structure and Function p 45-52 (Royal Society of Chemistry, http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/9781847551917-00045)Tattiyakul J, Naksriarporn T and Pradipasena P 2012 X-ray Diffraction Pattern and Functional Properties of Dioscorea hispida Dennst Starch Hydrothermally Modified at Different Temperatures Food Bioproc. Technol. 5 964–971.Savikin-Fodulovic K, Grubisic D, Culafic L, Menkovic N and Ristic M 1998 Diosgenin and Phytosterols Content in Five Callus Lines of Dioscorea balcanica Plant Sci. 135 63–67.Cushnie T. P. T, Cushnie B and Lamb A J 2014 Alkaloids: An Overview of Their Antibacterial, Antibiotic-enhancing and Antivirulence Activities Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents 44 (5) 377-386.Tholl D 2015 Biosynthesis and Biological Functions of Terpenoids in Plants, Biotechnology of Isoprenoids p 63-106 Part of the Advances in Biochemical Engineering/Biotechnology book series (ABE, volume 148).Nagata K, Aistrup G L, Honda H, Shono T and Narahashi T 1999 Modulation of the Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor by Dioscorine in Clonal Rat Phaeochlomocytoma (PC12) Cells Pestic. Biochem. Physiol. 64 (3) 157–165.Bhandari M R and Kawabata J 2005 Bitterness and Toxicity in Wild Yam (Dioscorea spp.) Tubers of Nepal Plant Foods Hum. Nutr. 60 129–135, 2005.White W L B , Arias-Garzon D I, McMahon J M and Sayre R 1998 Cyanogenesis in Cassava: The Role of Hydroxynitrile Lyase in Root Cyanide Production Plant Physiol. 116 1219-25.Kumoro A C and Hartati I. 2015 Microwave Assisted Extraction of Dioscorin from Gadung (Dioscorea hispida Dennst) Tuber Flour, Procedia Chem. 14 47 – 55.
PURIFICATION OF BIODIESEL USING RICE STRAW AND DIOSCOREA ALATA STARCH AS NATURAL ADSORBENTS Yulidar Yulidar; Saiful Saiful; Ilham Maulana
Jurnal Natural Volume 19, Number 1, February 2019
Publisher : Universitas Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24815/jn.v19i1.12452

Abstract

Janeng starch (Dioscorea Alata) and rice straws are developed to be used as adsorbents in dry washing method to purify crude biodiesel. In this study, we evaluate the potential of rice straw and janeng starch as natural adsorbents in the purification of biodiesel that replace the role of water in absorbing contaminants from biodiesel. The SEM characterization results show that the starch adsorbent and rice straw has an open and porous surface and is evenly distributed for janeng starch. Both adsorbents, either the janeng starch or rice straw, can be applied for the purification of biodiesel. The quality of biodiesel is influenced by the amount of adsorbents used in biodiesel purification. The effectiveness of the adsorbent is shown by the decrease in free fatty acids, alkali numbers, soap numbers and turbidity levels in biodiesel. The concentration of free fatty acid oil in crude biodiesel before the purification step was 0.769 mg-KOH/g, then decreased to 0.128 mg-KOH/g after the adsorption. This acid value had been very low and met the Indonesian quality national standard for biodiesel spesically 0.50 mg-KOH/g. Either janeng starch or rice straw adsorbent was able to reduce the soap content of potassium oleate to level 53.33 ppm from the initial content of 106.67 ppm. These two natural adsorbents can be the alternative adsorbents in the purification of biodiesel that employs dry washing method.
Co-Authors - Darmadi Abrar Muslim Abrar Muslim Adisalamun Adisalamun Amraini Amraini Anneza Astriet Binawati Ginting Cut Fatimah Zuhra Faisal Abdullah Fathurrahmi Fathurrahmi Febriani Febriani Febrina Pratiwi Hesti Meilina Ilham Maulana Ilham Maulana Ilham Maulana Indra Indra Khairan . MARIA BINTANG Marlina Marlina Marlina Marlina Marlina Marlina Marlina Marlina Muliadi Ramli Muliadi Ramli Muliadi Ramli Muliadi Ramli Muliadi Ramli Muliadi Ramli Murniana . Nasrullah Idris Nizar Mahmud Nurdin Saidi Nurfitriana Nurfitriana Rahmatun Misriana Rahmi Rahmi Rinaldi Idroes Saida Rasnovi Salfauqi Nurman, Salfauqi Shellatina Shellatina Siti Sarah Sitti Saleha Sitti Saleha Suhendrayatna Suhendrayatna Suraiya Kamaruzzaman Susilawati Susilawati T. Banta Darmawan Teuku Mohamad Iqbalsyah Thaharah Ramadhani Ulfa Riana Yulidar Yulidar