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Pemurnian Minyak Kelapa Sawit Menggunakan Membran Serat Berongga Nasrul Arahman; Cut Erika; Alfian Putra
agriTECH Vol 33, No 1 (2013)
Publisher : Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Characterization of modiﬁ ed polyethersulfone hollow ﬁ ber membranes were carried out in order to purify Palm Oil. Effect of membrane morphology on the separation performances of palm oil was investigated. The modieﬁ ed polyethersulfone hollow ﬁ ber membrane was commercially availbale membrane prepared from the system of polyethersulfone/N-methylpirrolidone/polyvinilpyrrolidone, and polyethersulfone/N-methylpirrolidone/Tetronic 1307. Scanning electron microscopy results show that the modiﬁ ed membranes has macrovoids structure larger than the original poliethersulfone membrane. The hydrophilicity property was also increased by addition of polymeric additive to the membrane system. The maximum ﬂ ux of palm oil reached to 0.47 L/m2.hr. atm obtained from the experimenttal condition as applied pressure of 2.0 kg.cm2, by using membran polyethersulfone/N-methylpirrolidone/polyvinylpirrolidone.ABSTRAKKarakterisasi membran serat berongga (hollow ﬁ ber) dari polimer polietersulfon yang telah dimodiﬁ kasi untuk pemurnian minyak kelapa sawit telah dilakukan. Pengaruh morfologi membran dipelajari terhadap kemampuan pemisahan minyak kelapa sawit. Membran modiﬁ kasi adalah membran komersial yang terbuat dari sistem polyethersulfone/Nmethylpirrolidone/polyvinilpyrrolidone,dan polyethersulfone/N-methylpirrolidone/Tetronic 1307. Hasil karakterisasi dengan SEM menunjukkan bahwa membran yang terbuat dari bahan PES/NMP/PVP, dan PES/NMP/Tetronic 1307 mempunyai struktur macrovoid yang lebih banyak dan ukuran yang lebih besar dibandingkan dengan membran yang terbuat dari bahan PES/NMP. Sifat hidroﬁlisitas membran campuran juga menjadi lebih baik jika dibandingkan dengan membran tunggal PES/NMP. Fluks minyak kelapa sawit terbesar diperoleh 0,27 L/m2.hr.atm pada kondisi tekanan operasi 2,0 kg/cm2 untuk membran hollow ﬁ ber dari bahan PES/NMP/PVP.

Profil Permeabilitas Berdasarkan Struktur Morfologi Membran Polietersulfon pada Pemekatan Larutan Tokoferol Nasrul Arahman; Bastian Arifin; Fachrul Razi
agriTECH Vol 36, No 4 (2016)
Publisher : Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Separation technique by membrane technology has been widely applied for separation and purification of minor components from vegetable oil. Membrane was prepared and modified in several way in order to improve the filtration performance in purification process of vegetable oil. In this work, the filtration performance of three types of polyethersulfone hollow fiber membrane was investigated. The main objective of this research was to study the effect of membranes type on the filtration performance of tocopherol solution. Three series of filtration experiment were conducted by using fabricated membrane by dissolving of polyethersulfone (PES) in N-methyl pyrrolydone (NMP) with different polymer composition. The membranes was M1 = PES 20 % + NMP, M2 = PES 18 % + NMP, and M3= PES 20 %+ Polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP 5 %) + NMP. The difference structure of membrans was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy measurement. The permeability profile of tocopherol solution of 500 ppm was observed by using a single module of hollow fiber membrane with filtration flow of pressure driven inside (PDI). It is shown that, the permeability of tocopherol solution was maximum and stable using PES membrane was composed by M3 system. Moreover, the improvement of tocopherol concentration in retentate solution was about two times higher than that the original solution that was obtained from filtration system of M1 membrane.ABSTRAKTeknik separasi dengan membran teknologi telah diaplikasikan secara luas untuk pemisahan dan pemurnian komponen minor dari minyak tumbuh-tumbuhan. Membran telah dibuat dan dimodifikasikan dengan berbagai cara untuk meningkatkan kinerja filtrasi pada proses pemurnian minyak tumbuh-tumbuhan. Pada penelitian ini, dipelajari kinerja filtrasi tiga jenis membran hollow fiber yang terbuat dari polimer polietersulfon. Tujuan utama penelitian adalah untuk melihat pengaruh jenis membran terhadap kinerja filtrasi larutan tokoferol. Tiga seri penelitian ultrafiltrasi telah dirancang dengan menggunakan membran yang dibuat dengan melarutkan polietersulfon (PES) dalam N-metil pirolidon (NMP) dengan komposisi polimer yang berbeda. Ketiga jenis membran yang digunakan adalah M1 = PES 20 % + NMP, M2 = PES 18 % + NMP, dan M3 = PES 20 % + Polivinil pirolidon (PVP 5 %) + NMP. Perbedaan struktur morfologi membran telah dikonfirmasikan dengan analisis scanning electron microscopy. Profil permeabilitas larutan tokoferol 500 ppm diobservasi menggunakan modul tunggal membran hollow fiber dengan tipe aliran pressure driven inside (PDI). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa permeabilitas larutan tokoferol tertinggi dihasilkan dengan menggunakan membran M3. Lebih lanjut, peningkatan konsentrasi larutan tokoferol sekitar dua kali lebih tinggi dari konsentrasi awal dicapai dari proses filtrasi dengan membran M1.

STUDI SOLIDIFIKASI POLIETERSULFON DALAM PELARUT N-METIL-2-PIRROLIDON DENGAN ADITIV POLYVINYL PYRROLIDONE DAN 2-(METHACRYLOYLOXY) ETHYL PHOSPHORYL CHLOLINE Nasrul Arahman; Sri Aprilia; Teuku Maimun
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol. 3 No. 3 (2014): Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU
Publisher : Talenta Publisher (Universitas Sumatera Utara)

In membrane preparation process via phase inversion method, the morphology of fabricated membranes are determined by composition and concentration of polymer, solvent, and non-solvent. The basic knowledge of the appropriate composition of those components are needed by cloud point experiment. In this work, the study on cloud point experiment have been done to investigate the solidification process of polymer system of polyethersulfone (PES) and 2-(methacryloyloxy) ethyl phosphoryl chloline (MPC) in N-methyl-2-pirrolidon (NMP) via phase inversion technique. Hydrofilik polymer MPC were used as a membrane modifying agent (MMA) in order to modify the surface property of fabricated membrane. In sum, addition of PVP and MPC into polymer solution brought about reducing amount of non-solvent necessary to obtain the cloud point of solution.

Effect of Addition of Patchouli Leaf Essential Oil (Pogostemon cablin benth) on Eyecream Products Arahman, Nasrul; Deski, Dhafin; Akbar, Awalul; Surya, Alit; Pitra, Muhammad Novan; Pratama, Raihan Nanda
Journal of Patchouli and Essential Oil Products JOURNAL OF PACTHOULI AND ESSENTIAL OIL PRODUCT : VOLUME 2, ISSUE 1 (JUNE 2023)
Publisher : Universitas Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24815/jpeop.v2i1.32150

Free radicals are one of the factors that cause skin problems. Excessive exposure to free radicals can trigger aging, such as sagging of the skin of the lower eyelids which causes a decrease in the periorbital area, known as “eyelid bags”. Changes in the extracellular matrix and loss of the structurally important proteins collagen and elastin lead to loss of structural support and elasticity. Free radical reactions can be prevented by using eye cream. Eye cream is made to get rid of puffiness or dark circles under the eyes. Eye cream is made from a light, easy-to-absorb formula and contains vitamin C, vitamin E and vitamin K which are good for skin care and rejuvenation. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of the Gayo avocado oil eyecream formulation with the addition of patchouli leaf essential oil. The method used is experimental from the results of research that has been done before. Then three stages of testing were carried out, namely irritation test, organoleptic test and characteristic observation test. Then, for the test results, a comparison of the first and second formulations was carried out to determine which eye cream is suitable for use as a beauty product

Microplastics contamination of sea surface water in Banda Aceh City and Aceh Besar District, Aceh Province, Indonesia Faradilla, Suci Budi; Siregar, Lisna Yanti; Arahman, Nasrul; Muchlisin, Zainal Abidin
Depik Jurnal Ilmu Ilmu Perairan, Pesisir, dan Perikanan Vol 14, No 2 (2025): JUNE 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Marine and Fisheries, Universitas Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13170/depik.14.2.40197

Plastic debris is one of the serious problems in urban cities, including Banda Aceh city and Aceh Besar district, Indonesia. This waste is degraded into a small particle called microplastics. This waste has the potential to pollute the waters in the coastal area. The objective of the present study was to analyse the microplastic contamination of the sea surface waters of Banda Aceh City and Aceh Besar District. Sea surface water was sampled from three locations, namely Gampong Jawa (Station 1), Alue Naga (Station 2), and Krueng Raya (Station 3) during January to March 2024. The results showed that there were four forms of microplastics found in the sea surface water sample, namely fragments, fibers, films, and pellets with nine colours, namely black, brown, blue, clear, red, yellow, green, pink, and purple. The fragments and black are the dominant form and colour of microplastic in the sea surface water of Banda Aceh city. The highest number of microplastic particles was found in Alue Naga waters (21.04 particles/L) and the least in Gampong Jawa waters (16.6 particles/L). Therefore, it is concluded that the surface of the seawater studied in this study has been contaminated with microplastics.Keywords: Microplastics Sea surface water Plastic waste Banda Aceh City Aceh Besar District

Microplastics contamination of sea surface water in Banda Aceh City and Aceh Besar District, Aceh Province, Indonesia Faradilla, Suci Budi; Siregar, Lisna Yanti; Arahman, Nasrul; Muchlisin, Zainal Abidin
Depik Jurnal Ilmu Ilmu Perairan, Pesisir, dan Perikanan Vol 14, No 2 (2025): JUNE 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Marine and Fisheries, Universitas Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13170/depik.14.2.40197

Plastic debris is one of the serious problems in urban cities, including Banda Aceh city and Aceh Besar district, Indonesia. This waste is degraded into a small particle called microplastics. This waste has the potential to pollute the waters in the coastal area. The objective of the present study was to analyse the microplastic contamination of the sea surface waters of Banda Aceh City and Aceh Besar District. Sea surface water was sampled from three locations, namely Gampong Jawa (Station 1), Alue Naga (Station 2), and Krueng Raya (Station 3) during January to March 2024. The results showed that there were four forms of microplastics found in the sea surface water sample, namely fragments, fibers, films, and pellets with nine colours, namely black, brown, blue, clear, red, yellow, green, pink, and purple. The fragments and black are the dominant form and colour of microplastic in the sea surface water of Banda Aceh city. The highest number of microplastic particles was found in Alue Naga waters (21.04 particles/L) and the least in Gampong Jawa waters (16.6 particles/L). Therefore, it is concluded that the surface of the seawater studied in this study has been contaminated with microplastics.Keywords: Microplastics Sea surface water Plastic waste Banda Aceh City Aceh Besar District

Analisis Persepsi dan Nilai Ekonomi Implementasi Eco Enzyme dan Smart Farming di Pondok Pesantren Eumpe Awee Ramli, Ichwana; Siregar, Ameilia Zuliyanti; Nasution, Indera Sakti; Mahidin, Mahidin; Muhibbuddin, Muhibbuddin; Arahman, Nasrul; sulastri, sulastri; melinda, melinda; Nasution, Zulkifli; Nauly, meutia; Siregar, Netti Herlina; Tulus, Tulus
Suluah Bendang: Jurnal Ilmiah Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Vol 25, No 2 (2025): Suluah Bendang: Jurnal Ilmiah Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Padang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24036/sb.06420

Pengabdian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis persepsi, minat, dan potensi ekonomi dari penerapan teknologi Eco Enzyme dan Smart Farming di Pondok Pesantren Eumpe Awee. Metode yang digunakan adalah pendekatan Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) dengan melibatkan 26 santri sebagai responden utama dan pelaku praktik pertanian. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar santri memiliki tingkat pengetahuan dan minat yang tinggi terhadap teknologi ini, didukung oleh tersedianya sarana seperti sensor kelembapan tanah, sistem irigasi otomatis, dan perlengkapan tanam lainnya yang diperoleh melalui program PMKI Universitas Syiah Kuala. Budidaya kangkung dan bayam yang dilakukan menghasilkan total penerimaan Rp 330.000 dengan biaya produksi Rp 237.000, menghasilkan R/C ratio sebesar 1,39 yang menunjukkan kelayakan finansial. Selain itu, teknologi Eco Enzyme yang dibuat dari limbah organik dan sistem irigasi otomatis berkontribusi terhadap efisiensi sumber daya dan pengurangan penggunaan bahan kimia, memperkuat aspek keberlanjutan lingkungan. Temuan ini mengindikasikan bahwa dengan pendekatan adaptif, pesantren dapat menjadi pusat edukasi sekaligus praktik pertanian berkelanjutan yang memberdayakan santri secara nyata dan aplikatif

Effect of Acid Concentration on the Properties of Microcrystalline Cellulose from Pineapple Crown Leaf Fitriani, Fitriani; Aprilia, Sri; Arahman, Nasrul; Bilad, Muhammad Roil
Jurnal Rekayasa Kimia & Lingkungan Vol 17, No 1 (2022): Jurnal Rekayasa Kimia & Lingkungan (June, 2022)
Publisher : Chemical Engineering Department, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23955/rkl.v17i1.21010

Microcrystalline cellulose was first extracted from pineapple crown leaf waste which is used very rarely as an alternative material from agricultural residue and then characterized. Microcrystalline cellulose was extracted from this waste through acid hydrolysis with various concentrations. The effect of acidconcentrations with sulfuric acid (H2SO4) on microcrystalline cellulose properties was investigated to determine its potential application as a material. Pineapple crown leaf was hydrolyzed for 2 hours at 45 along with various sulfuric acid concentrations (1, 2, and 3 M). The properties of the cellulose were evaluated by Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transforms infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Among all the hydrolysis conditions carried out, the best hydrolysis condition was 3 M sulfuric acid. At this hydrolysis condition, the microcrystalline cellulose presented a rod-like shape, high crystallinity at 83.16%, and have average crystal size of 17.99 nm. The functional group and morphology analysis showed that the resulted product is maintained cellulose I structure and removal of non-cellulosic constituents and the chemical compositions. As for the thermal analysis, the temperature decreased from 177 (2 M sulfuric acid) to 149 (3 M sulfuric acid) because of the incorporation of sulfate groups after the hydrolysis process. Therefore, microcrystalline cellulose obtained from pineapple crown leaf waste has great potential as reinforcement in the manufacture of composites.

The Improvement of Hydrophilic Property of Polyethersulfone Membrane with Chitosan as Additive Fathanah, Umi; Machdar, Izarul; Riza, Medyan; Arahman, Nasrul; Lubis, Mirna Rahmah; Yusuf, Mukramah
Jurnal Rekayasa Kimia & Lingkungan Vol 15, No 1 (2020): Jurnal Rekayasa Kimia & Lingkungan (June, 2020)
Publisher : Chemical Engineering Department, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23955/rkl.v15i1.15916

Membrane technology has been implemented broadly for clean water treatment. To produce a better membrane, modification is carried out by adding chitosan into a polymer solution. Materials used in this research are polyethersulfone (PES) 18%, the n-methyl pyrrolidone solvent modified with a chitosan solution (at 0.2 1 wt%) as an additive, and deionized water as a non-solvent. The membrane synthesis is carried out with the non-solvent induced phase separation method of blending the polymer. Membrane characterization includes functional group analysis, morphological structure, and water contact angle. Membrane performance is monitored at the filtration process, resulting in the permeability coefficient, and for the rejection of a contaminant (humic acid) with dead-end filtration. Research results show that the modified membrane characterization has an asymmetric morphological structure with a thinner top layer, and the membrane sublayer has a finger-like macrovoid structure with a larger size as compared to the original PES membrane (without the chitosan solution addition). The chitosan additive into the PES membrane improves the membranes hydrophilic property. The highest value of the permeability coefficient is achieved with a 1% chitosan addition, which provides a permeability coefficient value of 10.524 L/m2.h.bar and a rejection coefficient of 70.3%.

Profil Filtrasi Larutan Sodium Alginat pada Modul Tunggal Cross-flow Membran Polyethersulfone Satria, Suffriandy; Razi, Fachrul; Arahman, Nasrul
Jurnal Rekayasa Kimia & Lingkungan Vol 12, No 1 (2017): Jurnal Rekayasa Kimia & Lingkungan
Publisher : Chemical Engineering Department, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23955/rkl.v12i1.7133

Kajian penurunan dan rekoveri fluks pada proses ultrafiltrasi larutan natural organic matter (NOM) dengan membran polyethersulfone telah dilakukan. Larutan sodium alginate digunakan sebagai model NOM dalam air, dan profil filtrasinya dipelajari berdasarkan waktu operasi. Proses filtrasi menggunakan modul cross-flow dengan konfigurasi aliran filtrasi pressure driven outside (PDO). Profile permeabilitas larutan SA pada membranpolyethersulfonetelah diamati dengan berbagai perlakuan, diantaranya efek keberadaan ion logam Ca2+ dan Mg2+ serta pengaruh pH larutan (kondisi asam, basa dan netral). Membran polyethersulfone (PES) dengan tambahan Aerosol OT digunakan untuk mengetahui kinerjanya. Flux recovery ratio (FRR) merupakan salah satu indikator untuk mengetahui sifat fouling yang terbentuk pada permukaan membran. Secara umum larutan SA dalam kondisi asam memiliki nilai FRR terkecil, sedangkan sampel dalam kondisi basa memiliki nilai FRR terbesar. Perolehan fluks larutan SA dengan penambahan ion Mg2+ lebih besar dibandingkan dengan penambahan ion Ca2+. Larutan SA pada kondisi pH basa menghasilkan penurunan nilai fluks lebih kecil dibandingkan pada pH Asam dan netral. Rejeksi partikel SA tertinggi diperoleh pada kondisi asam menggunakan membran PES Aerosol OT yaitu sebesar 46,88%.

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