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ANALYSIS OF HOUSING LAND CARRYING CAPACITY IN THE DISTRICT PALARAN, SAMARINDA CITY EAST KALIMANTAN Dedy Nugroho; yunianto setiawan; Abdul Kahar; Yohanes Budi Sulistioadi
Jurnal Infrastruktur Vol 7 No 2 (2021): Jurnal Infrastruktur
Publisher : Jurnal Infrastruktur

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35814/infrastruktur.v7i2.2617

Population growth has an impact on development in various sectors. One of the sectors affected is the housing sector. In determining the location of housing requires a complex analysis in order to create a decent housing area. In the 2014-2034 Samarinda City Spatial Plan, certain locations have been determined to become residential areas. Palaran sub-district was chosen and prepared to become a high-density residential area. In this study, an analysis was carried out on the power of shamans for residential land in Palaran District. The analytical technique used to determine the carrying capacity and adequate capacity for housing is the Land Carrying Capacity Analysis Method which has been stipulated in the Regulation of the Minister of Public Works No. 20/PRT/M/2007 and the Indonesian National Standard 03-1733-2004 concerning Residential environmental planning procedures. In the analysis process, the data used are the Samarinda City Spatial Plan in 2014-2034 and the Draft RDTR of Palaran District. In the analysis of the carrying capacity of the land, the results of the land capability are divided into 5 classes. High development capability 1.091,01 Ha; rather high development capability 3.463,87 Ha; medium development capability 2,742,79 Ha; low development capability 8,963,35 Ha; and very low capacity 2,394,37 Ha. Based on the results of the analysis, it is obtained a suitable location for housing development in Palaran District.

EFFECT OF pH ON LIQUID-PHASE MASS TRANSFER AND DIFFUSIVITY COEFFICIENT AT LEACHATE TREATMENT OF MUNICIPAL WASTE LANDFILL IN ANAEROBIC BIOREACTOR Abdul Kahar; IDAA Warmadewanthi; Joni Hermana
Eksergi Vol 15, No 2 (2018): Vol. 15 No.2 (2018)
Publisher : Prodi Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknologi Industri, UPN "Veteran" Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31315/e.v15i2.2327

Leachate is a liquid waste resulted from physical, biological and chemical decomposition of landfill waste. Leachate contains complex dissolved organic and anorganic substrate which are biodegradable and non-biodegradable. Anaerobic treatment principally utilizes anaerobic bacteria in order to degrade the dissolved organic substance into biogas. Anaerobic treatment is very sensitive towards the substrate cocentration, temperature, and pH. This research used anaerobic bioreactor with the volume of 160 L, the ratio of the leachate: biogas is 70:30. Seeding and acclimatization steps were done, respectively for 10 days, leachate treatment was done in 21 days. Seeding, acclimatization, and leachate treatment were done on the pH ambience of 7.2 and 8.0 and ambient temperature. COD and VFA analysis were done every two days. The objective of this research is to decide the pH effect on the coefficient of liquid-phase mass transfer: kL, and the diffusivity of the dissolved substace, DL. pH affects the degradation of the concentratio of dissolved organic substrate in the leachate. The higher the pH is, the higher the obtained VFA concentration is. VFA concentration is affected by pH; however, it still considers the optimal pH condition of the substrate biodegradation. pH affects the average rate of mass transfer, rkL and diffusivity of the dissolved substance, DL in the anaerobic treatment of leachate. pH affect the concentration of dissolved organic substrate which subsequently influenes the coefficient of liquid-phase mass transfer of the leachate, kL and the diffusivity of the dissolved substance, DL. The higher the pH is, the more increasing the kL is and the more decreasing the DL is.

Pengaruh pH Terhadap BOD, TSS, Dan VFA Pada Pengolahan LindiDalam Bioreaktor Anaerobik Abdul Kahar; Megahapsari Martaningtyas; Budi nining widiarti; ika Meicahayanti
Prosiding Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia "Kejuangan" 2017: PROSIDING SNTKK
Publisher : Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia Kejuangan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Leachate is a liquid waste resulted from physical, biological and chemical decomposition of landfill waste. Leachate contains complex dissolved organic and anorganic substrate which are biodegradable and nonbiodegradable.Anaerobictreatmentprincipallyutilizesanaerobicbacteriainordertodegradethedissolvedorganicsubstance. Anaerobic treatment is very sensitive towards the substrate cocentration and pH. The objective of this research is to decide the pH effect on the BOD, TSS and VFA at leachate treatment in anaerobic bioreactor. This research used anaerobic bioreactor with the volume of 160 L. Anaerobic treatment carried out for 21 days, at pH ambient, 7.2 and 8.0. Microorganisms used comes from cow rumen and leachate with a ratio of 1:3 and filtered to take the extract. Collecting data and BOD, TSS and VFA analysis were done every two days. The results showed that the pH effect to the decrease BOD, TSS, and VFA at leachate treatment in anaerobic bioreactor. Anaerobic bioreactor performance optimum at pH 7.2, with the reduction of BOD and TSS was 80.29% and 74.08% respectively,andthe range of VFA productionwas 91.15-185.25 mg/L.

EFFECTS OF TEMPERATURE-pH ON LIQUID PHASE MASS TRANSFER AND DIFFUSION COEFFICIENTS AT LEACHATE TREATMENT IN ANAEROBIC BIOREACTOR Abdul Kahar; IDAA Warmadewanthi; Joni Hermana
Konversi Vol 7, No 2 (2018): Oktober 2018
Publisher : Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/k.v7i2.6501

Abstract - Leachate contains complex dissolved organic and inorganic substrates that are biodegradable and non-biodegradable. Principally, anaerobic treatment utilizes anaerobic bacteria to degrade the dissolved organic matters. Anaerobic treatment is very sensitive towards the change of temperature and pH. This research used an anaerobic bioreactor with volume of 160L, with a ratio of leachate:biogas was 70:30. Seeding, acclimatization and leachate treatment were executed at temperature 35°C; pH ambient, temperature 45°C; pH ambient, temperature 35°C; pH 7.2 and temperature 45°C; pH 8.0. Based on this research, that there is dependency on mass of solutes organic substrate (COD) in the leachate, at all operating conditions of leachate treatment in anaerobic bioreactor. Hence, the organic substrate concentration (COD) will affect the VFA, the liquid phase mass transfer and diffusion of solute organic. Consequently, the higher the temperature-pH, the higher the liquid-phase mass transfer, but lower diffusion coefficients is. Keywords: anaerobic bioreactor, diffusion, leachate, liquid-phase mass transfer

BIOCONVERSION OF MUNICIPAL ORGANIC WASTE USING BLACK SOLDIER FLY LARVAE INTO COMPOST AND LIQUID ORGANIC FERTILIZER Abdul Kahar; Muhammad Busyairi; Sariyadi Sariyadi; Agus Hermanto; Ari Ristanti
Konversi Vol 9, No 2 (2020): Oktober 2020
Publisher : Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/k.v9i2.9176

Bioconversion of municipal organic waste using Black Soldier Fly larvae provides potential benefits. Apart from reducing municipal solid waste, BSF larvae (maggot) offer valuable added value as animal feed. The purpose of this study was to analyze the potential of BSF larvae in the bioconversion process of municipal organic waste, to analyze the quality of the compost produced and to analyze the nutrition content of BSF larvae (maggot). BSF eggs in hatching are covered with gauze which are given organic waste feed, then after hatching they become BSF larvae transferred to enlargement media. BSF larvae are fed leftovers that enter the TPST, so that the enlargement medium is wet. Feeding leftovers from TPST is done every day. The rearing time for BSF larvae is for one life cycle. Maggot harvesting is carried out at the age of the larva about 2-3 weeks. The final products of organic waste bioconversion are BSF larvae (maggot), compost and POC. It was found that the BSF larvae (maggot) could reduce organic waste (municipal organic waste) by 47.75%. Where the ability of BSF larvae (maggot) to consume municipal organic waste is 26,1508 g waste / g maggot. The protein, crude fat and ash content in maggots which were given organic waste were 41.8%, 14.63% 9.12%, respectively.

Pengaruh Laju Alir Terhadap COD, BOD dan VFA pada Pengolahan Limbah Cair Pabrik Kelapa Sawit (LCPKS) dalam Bioreaktor Anaerobik Elvania Br. Pandia; Hernawati Hernawati; Theresia Jari; Abdul Kahar
Jurnal Chemurgy Vol 4, No 2 (2020): Jurnal Chemurgy-Desember 2020
Publisher : Universitas Mulawarman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30872/cmg.v4i2.4591

Limbah cair kelapa sawit atau Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) merupakan bahan yang dapat digunakan untuk memproduksi biogas menggunakan reaktor anaerobik. Dalam limbah cair kelapa sawit terdapat beberapa komponen penyusun yaitu Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), dan Volatile Fatty Acid (VFA). Perubahan terhadap kandungan dalam limbah cair pabrik kelapa sawit (LCPKS) dipengaruhi oleh laju alir yang terjadi dalam bioreaktor anaerobik. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan variasi laju alir yaitu Q1 ambient 0 L/hari, Q2 6 L/hari, Q3 24 L/hari untuk mengetahui laju alir optimal dalam pengolahan LCPKS pada bioreaktor anaerobik. Pengamatan dilakukan secara rutin dan resirkulasi sampel POME dilakukan selama ± 6 jam/hari. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui pengaruh laju alir terhadap perubahan kadar COD, BOD, dan VFA yang terkandung dalam LCPKS dengan menggunakan bioreaktor anaerobik. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah laju alir optimal dalam penurunan kadar COD, BOD, dan VFA dalam LCPKS yaitu sebesar 24 L/menit, dimana semakin besar laju alir yang diberikan maka kadar penurunan COD dan BOD yang terkandung dalam limbah cair kelapa sawit akan semakin besar, hal tersebut juga berlaku pada pembentukan VFA pada limbah cair, hal ini disebabkan karena penambahan variasi laju alir dapat mempengaruhi proses degradasi bahan-bahan organik dalam limbah cair kelapa sawit. Kata Kunci : POME, laju alir, bioreaktor anaerobik, biogas, LCPKS.

Pengaruh Kuat Arus dan Tegangan Terhadap Perubahan Kandungan Logam pada Lindi TPA Sampah dengan Metode Elektrolisis Muhammad Adam Rizky Syawalian; Yohana Yohana; Abdul Kahar
Jurnal Chemurgy Vol 3, No 1 (2019): Jurnal Chemurgy-Juni 2019
Publisher : Universitas Mulawarman

Pada umumnya setiap kota memiliki tempat pembuangan umum atau TPU sebagai tempat pengolahan akhir dari limbah domestik dari warga kota tersebut. Setiap hari bahkan jam, sampah dari berbagai macam tempat dan jenis dikumpulkan di TPU. Sampah-sampah yang tertumpuk tersebut menghasilkan limbah cair lain akibat rembesan air hujan yang akan menjadi air lindi (leachate). Pengolahan limbah untuk air lindi perlu dilakukan karena air lindi termasuk dalam golongan limbah. Salah satu cara pengolahan limbah lindi ialah elektrolisis yang dilakukan pada penelitian ini dimana diharapkan mampu menurunkan kadar Fe dan Zn pada limbah air lindi TPA Bukit Pinang Samarinda, mengetahui variasi tegangan, waktu optimum dan mengetahui pengaruh dari variasi tegangan dan waktu kontak. Pengolahan yang akan dilakukan pada penelitian ini adalah elektrolisis dengan menggunakan batang karbon sebagai katoda dan anoda dengan variasi tegangan (3.6 volt, 6.6 volt dan 9.6 volt) dan waktu kontak (30 menit, 45 menit dan 60 menit). Hasil yang diperoleh setelah dilakukan elektrolisis dengan tegangan (V) yang digunakan yaitu masing-masing 3.6V, 6.6V dan 9.6V. Dimana kadar Fe pada 30 menit ialah 0.1064 mg/L, 0.1046 mg/L dan 0.1209 mg/L, pada 45 menit ialah 0.1157 mg/L, 0.1283 mg/L dan 0.1066 mg/L dan 60 menit ialah 0.1084 mg/L, 0.1247 mg/L dan 0.1139 mg/L. Sedangkan variasi waktu dan tegangan tidak memberikan pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap perubahan kandungan logam dalam air lindi. Kadar Zn setelah dielektrolisis masing-masing pada 30 menit 0.0009 mg/L, 0.0007 mg/L dan 0.0006 mg/L, 45 menit ialah 0.0005 mg/L, 0.0006 mg/L dan 0.0006 mg/L dan 60 menit ialah .0004 mg/L, 0.0015 mg/L dan 0.0007 mg/L.Kata Kunci: penurunan, air lindi, kandungan logam, elektrolisis

Pengaruh Temperatur Terhadap COD, BOD dan VFA pada Pengolahan Limbah Cair Pabrik Kelapa Sawit (LCPKS) dalam Bioreaktor Anaerobik Yulius Sitama Lewar; Herawati Herawati; Abdul Kahar
Jurnal Chemurgy Vol 4, No 2 (2020): Jurnal Chemurgy-Desember 2020
Publisher : Universitas Mulawarman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30872/cmg.v4i2.4588

Limbah cair industri kelapa sawit yang paling utama adalah palm oil mill effluent (POME). POME dapatmerusak ekosistem perairan dan mengkontaminasi rantai makanan jika dibuang langsung ke saluranpembuangan tanpa diolah terlebih dahulu. Dalam limbah cair kelapa sawit terdapat beberapa komponenpenyusun diantaranya adalah Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), danVolatile Fatty Acid (VFA) yang dapat digunakan untuk memproduksi biogas dalam suatu reaktor anaerobik.Perubahan terhadap kandungan yang terkandung dalam limbah cair pabrik kelapa sawit (LCPKS) tersebutakan dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor salah satunya adalah temperatur. Pada penelitian ini Temperatur yangdigunakan adalah temperatur ambient yaitu mengikuti temperatur lingkungan, temperatur 35˚C dantemperatur 45˚C, peningkatan temperatur bertujuan untuk mempercepat laju perombakan, sehinggamenghasilkan gas lebih optimal dan proses perombakan yang lebih efisien. Tujuan penelitian ini untukmengetahui pengaruh Temperatur terhadap perubahan kadar COD, BOD, dan VFA yang terkandung dalamlimbah cair pabrik kelapa sawit (LCPKS). Adapun persentase removal BOD, COD yaitu sebesar 83,96 %,84,02% dan untuk VFA tertinggi terdapat pada temperatur 35˚C yaitu sebesar 9.912,45.Kata Kunci : POME, temperatur, bioreaktor anaerobik, biogas

PENAMBAHAN TANDAN KOSONG KELAPA SAWIT UNTUK MENINGATKAN PRODUKSI BIOGAS PADA PENGOLAHAN AIR LIMBAH SECARA ANAEROBIK Abdul Kahar; Ira Aisya; Waya Wulan Sari
Purifikasi Vol 14 No 1 (2014): Jurnal Purifikasi
Publisher : Department of Environmental Engineering-Faculty of Civil, Environmental and Geo Engineering. Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12962/j25983806.v14.i1.5

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui pengaruh penambahan tandan kosong kelapa sawit pada reaktor anaerobik terhadap produksi biogas limbah cair kelapa sawit. Bahan penelitian berupa limbah cair kelapa sawit, kotoran sapi dan variasi penambahan Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit (TKKS) 1%, 3% dan 5% dengan 2 kali ulangan dan waktu fermentasi selama 70 hari. Percobaan dilakukan dengan sistem batch dalam reaktor anaerobic, pada temperatur psychrophilic (27°C) dan temperatur. Mesophilic (37°C) dan kapasitas reaktor adalah 300 mL, dengan volume campuran sebanyak 210 mL yang berisi: a) LCKS, dan b) LCKS dengan tambahan kotoran sapi dengan rasio 1:2 (v/v). Reaktor anaerobik terhubung ke penampung untuk menghitung produksi biogas, yang diamati setiap hari selama 50 hari. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa produksi biogas tertinggi adalah pada limbah cair kelapa sawit, kotoran sapi, TKKS 5% sebesar 872,5 mL. Penambahan TKKS memberikan pengaruh terhadap produksi biogas limbah cair kelapa sawit pada hari ke 1-24. Penambahan TKKS yang optimal yaitu pada penambahan TKKS 5 %. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan produksi biogas pada temperatur mesophilic lebih besar daripada produksi biogas pada temperatur psychrophilic. The objective of research is to know the effect of empty fruit bunches in anaerobic reactor of palm oil mill effluent (POME) of biogas production. Research materials are this form of palm oil mill effluent, cows manure with a variation of Empty Fruit Bunches (EFB) addition of 1%, 3% and 5% with two replications and 70 days fermentation. The experiment was conducted in a batch system with the anaerobic reactor. It was conduct, at temperature psychrophilic (27°C) dan temperature mesophilic (37°C), with reactor capacity is 300 mL, and the volume of mixture is 210 mL which is contains: a) POME and b) POME with additional cow manure with the ratio of 1:2 (v/v). Anaerobic reactor was connected to the collector to calculate production of biogas. It was observed in every day during 50 days. The results showed that biogas production is highest in palm oil mill effluent, cow manure, EFB 5% is 872.5 mL. The addition of EFB give effect of palm oil mill effluent biobiogas production on days 1-24. The addition of empty fruit bunches which are optimal in the addition of 5 %. The results showed the biogas production at temperature mesophilic more hight than temperature psychrophilic.

Social innovation in cultivation of family medicinal plants at Makrifah Herbal, East Borneo Abdul Kahar; Muhammad Busyairi; Dian Nurcahya; Yusuf Zihni
Community Empowerment Vol 7 No 3 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang

This community sservice aims to strive Makrifah Herbal's long-term viability and prepare the legality of business licensing. In order to decide whether or not to implement an innovation, as well as to ensure its long-term viability, social innovation is required. This program is the implementation of PT Pupuk Kaltim's Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) program through the cultivation of family medicinal plants in the Makrifah Herbal group. Composting training; marketing training through the marketplace and social media; production and business activity training; business and product licensing assistance; product collaboration; and marketing assistance are some of the methods for implementing community service program. This program focuses on improving the long-term viability of the company. Because it already has a halal certificate from the East Kalimantan MUI and a product distribution permit from the BPOM, CV Makrifah Herbal has met the requirements as a business entity that is ready to compete in the national or global market for herbal products.

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