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All Journal Reaktor Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia Kejuangan
M. Djaeni
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Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Control & Systems Engineering Energy Engineering Environmental Science Materials Science & Nanotechnology

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Journal : Reaktor

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Optimization Of Chitosan Preparation From Crab Shell Waste M. Djaeni
Reaktor Volume 07 No. 1 Juni 2003
Publisher : Dept. of Chemical Engineering, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (3431.953 KB) | DOI: 10.14710/reaktor.7.1.37-40

Abstract

Crab shell waste from seafood restaurant is potential to be used as chitosan source. This material containing 20-30% of chitin which could be converted into chitosan through deacetylation process. While, chitin could be isolated from crab shell by deproteination and demineralization. Chitosan is fine chemical used to adsorb fat from body, heavy metal adsorbent, and medicine. This research looked into the prospect of crab shell as raw material to produce chitosan. In this case, the process variable of chitosan preparation was investigated involving operation time and  NaOH concentration to determine optimum condition. Whereas, the other parameters including operation temperature, NaOH to chitin ratio is respectively fixed at 70-80 0C and 5:1. As respons, the yield of chitosan is calculated. In this case, the deacetylation time is varied from 1-4 hours with the time step 1 hours and the concentration of NaOH  is change from 20-50% with the step size of 10%. The results showed that the maximum yield of chitosan is 9,15%, which could be achieved at operation time of 3 hours and NaOH concentration of 20%.Keywords : crab shell, deproteination, demineralization, deacetylation, chitosan
Control System Strategy Of The Saponification Process Between Ethyl Acetate And Sodium Hydroxide M. Djaeni; Suherman Suherman; K. Jalasanti; R. R. Mukti
Reaktor Volume 5 No.2 Desember 2001
Publisher : Dept. of Chemical Engineering, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (3396.871 KB) | DOI: 10.14710/reaktor.5.2.54-58

Abstract

The research looks into the performance of Proportional (P), Proportional Integral (PI), and Proportional Integral Derivative (PID) controller to maintain soap concentration. To facilitate the study, the mathematical model of saponification process is derived using information cited from literature. Then the model is validated using experimental data. Based on model, the control system using Proportional (P), Proportional Integral (PI) and Proportional Integral Derivative (PID) are designed. In this case, the constant of each controller is tuned using Ziegler Nichols method. The result showed that the PID controller with Integral Square Error (ISE) of 5,77936 E-08 isthe strongest for disturbance rejection among the others. The performance of PID controlleris also good for set point tracking with ISE of 1.28227 E-05.Key words : control, mathematical model, simulation, saponification
Co-Authors Aji Prasetyaningrum Bakti Jos K. Jalasanti R. R. Mukti Suherman Suherman Yudhy Dharmawan