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All Journal Pendidikan Biologi Jurnal Biologi Universitas Andalas Biocelebes BERITA BIOLOGI Jurnal Biodjati Jurnal Biologi Tropis Konservasi Hayati Bioscientist : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Erizal Mukhtar
Universitas Andalas
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Earth & Planetary Sciences Education Immunology & microbiology Social Sciences

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Distribution of invasive alien plant species, Bellucia pentamera, in forest conservation of oil palm plantation, West Sumatra, Indonesia SOLFIYENI SOLFIYENI; ERIZAL MUKHTAR; SYAMSUARDI SYAMSUARDI; CHAIRUL CHAIRUL
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 7 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230744

Abstract

Abstract. Solfiyeni, Mukhtar E, Syamsuardi, Chairul. 2022. Distribution of invasive alien plant species, Bellucia pentamera, in forest conservation of oil palm plantation, West Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 3667-3674. Bellucia pentamera has been found in disturbed forests across Indonesia, but little is known about how it spreads under its tree canopy. The spread of the invasive plant B. pentamera in the PT KSI conservation forest area was investigated. The goal of this research is to study B. pentamera's strategy for exploiting forest gaps horizontally and vertically on degraded forest vegetation invaded by B. pentamera at various degrees of invasion. An Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) and direct field mapping are used for the mapping approach. Aerial photographs revealed 40 B. pentamera trees and 32 non-B. pentamera trees in forest areas with varying degrees of B. pentamera invasion (based on the ratio of B. pentamera non-B. pentamera: dense and loose). Bellucia pentamera trees were distributed evenly in a large gap and randomly in a small gap/space between the canopy, whereas sapling and seedling B. pentamera trees were distributed in groups, uniformly and randomly, according to microhabitat conditions under the canopy of B. pentamera and non-tree trees. Bellucia pentamera seedlings and saplings were detected under the parent tree's canopy rather than in the canopy gaps. Different responses were seen in seedlings, saplings, and juvenile stages concerning the explanatory factors investigated and between the two stands. The purpose of the study was to determine the factors that influence the distribution of the B. pentamera species in conservation forest areas with different compositions of existence, both vertically and horizontally, using drones and direct measurements in the field.
Diversity and use of wild edible fruits in the Bukit Rimbang-Bukit Baling Wildlife Reserve, Kampar, Riau, Indonesia SYAMSUARDI SYAMSUARDI; ERIZAL MUKHTAR; NURAINAS NURAINAS; ADI BEJO SUWARDI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 10 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d231009

Abstract

Abstract. Syamsuardi, Mukhtar E, Nurainas, Suwardi AB. 2022. Diversity and use of wild edible fruits in the Bukit Rimbang - Bukit Baling Wildlife Reserve, Kampar, Riau, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 5035-5042. The Bukit Rimbang-Bukit Baling Wildlife Reserve is a protected area with a diverse ecosystem and vegetation. The area provides many ecosystem services that are critical to life, particularly for humans. The aim of this study is to document wild edible fruits and their use by the community surrounding the Bukit Rimbang-Bukit Baling Wildlife Reserve. The study was carried out in eight villages of Kampar district, Riau province, namely Tanjung Belit, Tanjung Belit Selatan, Gema, Kota Lama, Muara Bio, Muara Selayah, IV Koto Setingkai, and Sungai Rambai. This study was based on field surveys, plant collection, and interviews with the local people. Interviews were performed with 334 respondents selected by using the random sampling technique. A total of 67 wild edible fruit plant species, consisting of 29 families, have been documented in the study area. Artocarpus integer, Mangifera odorata, Mangifera foetida, Nephelium maingayi, Durio oxleyanus, Syzygium polyanthum, Pometia pinnata, Baccaurea deflexa, Garcinia xanthochymus, and Bellucia pentamera were among the plants recognized and frequently harvested by respondents. Local communities use wild edible fruits as food, either eaten raw or processed into candy, snacks, or vegetables. About 54% of the respondents reported traditional knowledge linked to wild edible fruits is transferred from the parents/grandparents to the next generations in the study area. The expansion of agricultural lands and the decline in traditional knowledge are the main threats to the sustainability of wild edible fruits in the study area.
Small carnivore diversity in forest patches around oil palm plantation in West Sumatra, Indonesia Inda Dwi Solina; Erizal Mukhtar; Wilson Novarino; Dahelmi Dahelmi
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 3 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240358

Abstract

Abstract. Solina ID, Mukhtar E, Novarion W, Dahelmi. 2023. Small carnivore diversity in forest patches around oil palm plantation in West Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 1824-1832. The accelerating rates of forest conversion into agricultural land are the main driver for biodiversity loss. How biodiversity, particularly secondary consumers, can adapt to different agricultural schemes is critical to conservation planning. Currently, small forests within oil palm plantations should receive more attention, especially as they are habitats for small carnivores, and it is still unknown how they respond to habitat change. We analyzed camera trap data from 2015 to 2018 in key High Conservation Value (HCV) forests in South Solok, West Sumatra: Kencana Sawit Indonesia company (forest patch A) and Tidar Kerinci Agung company (forest patches B and C). LecoS is used to collect landscape metrics data then evaluated using the Generalized Linear Models (GLM) to assess the impact of fragmentation on the presence of small carnivores in forest patches. The model with the lowest Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) value was the one we regarded to be the most acceptable. We found 12 species of small carnivores belonging to 4 families; six species were identified in patch A, ten in patch B, and only three in patch C. We identified that land covers are the most important parameter on the presence of small carnivores in oil palm plantations in West Sumatra based on GLM results. Due to the importance of forested regions to small carnivore diversity, we recommend increasing forest connectivity into and across oil palm landscapes.  
Bird diversity and mangrove forest as potential ecotourism destinations in Kapo-kapo Bay, Cubadak Island, West Sumatra, Indonesia WILSON NOVARINO; ERIZAL MUKHTAR; AYU SMARNIA PUTRI; PUTRI LISYA ANGGRAINI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 6 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240658

Abstract

Abstract. Novarino W, Mukhtar E, Putri AS, Anggraini PL. 2023. Bird diversity and mangrove forest as potential ecotourism destinations in Kapo-kapo Bay, Cubadak Island, West Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 3583-3591. Mangrove forests play an important role in the management of the coastal ecosystem of Indonesia. Research on bird diversity has been carried out to support ecotourism attractions in the mangrove area of  Kapo-kapo Bay, West Sumatra. The objective of this study is to determine the bird diversity and mangrove plant diversity in the mangrove kapo-kapo Bay area, West Sumatra, using the point count method and transect method. Mangrove plants have been found in three families, five genera, and six species. The vegetation composition on this research site is lower than that on Sumatra's east coast. The composition of mangrove trees and tree diversity was lower on the west coast of Sumatra than on the east coast. The composition and diversity of birds at the study sites were not significantly different between the mangrove forests on Sumatra's west and east coasts. Rhizophora apiculata Blume species dominate the mangrove forests in Kapo-kapo Bay, while Collocalia esculenta species dominate the birds. The analysis of the suitability of mangrove ecotourism in Kapo-kapo Bay obtained a score of 111 or 92.5%, placing it in the Very Suitable category (S1) to be developed as an ecotourism area. The presence of birds and bird habitat use in mangroves are all interesting ecotourism attractions.  
The diversity and regional conservation status of wild edible fruit species in Sumatra, Indonesia ADI BEJO SUWARDI; SYAMSUARDI SYAMSUARDI; ERIZAL MUKHTAR; NURAINAS NURAINAS
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 6 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240619

Abstract

Abstract. Suwardi AB, Syamsuardi, Mukhtar E, Nurainas. 2023. The diversity and regional conservation status of wild edible fruit species in Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 3245-3257. Sumatra Island is recognized as the distribution center of tropical fruit species in Indonesia. However, increased human activity threatens the existence of edible wild fruit plants in nature. The study aims to assess the diversity and regional conservation status of wild edible fruit plant species in Sumatra, Indonesia. The study was conducted in four provinces: West Sumatra, Riau, Jambi, and Bengkulu. For the sampling, a modified line transect method was used. A total of 331 wild edible fruit plant species at four studied sites in Sumatra consisted of 73 families. The highest number of fruit plant species was recorded in West Sumatra Province, i.e., 176 species, followed by Jambi (172 species), Riau (121 species), and Bengkulu (76 species). The diversity of wild edible fruit plant species was higher in West Sumatra Province (3.85) but lower in Riau Province (3.25). Artocarpus integer (Thunb.) Merr., Baccaurea lanceolata (Miq.) Müll.Arg., Baccaurea macrocarpa (Miq.) Müll.Arg., Baccaurea polyneura Hook.f., Garcinia atroviridis Griff. ex T.Anderson, Garcinia xanthochymus Hook.fil. ex J.Anderson, Mangifera foetida Lour., Mangifera laurina Blume, Mangifera odorata Griff., and Pometia pinnata J.R.Forst. & G.Forst. were the most frequently recorded wild fruit plant species in all of the study area. However, 74 wild edible fruit plant species were recorded only in West Sumatra, 45 in Riau, 79 in Jambi, and 9 in Bengkulu. Among the 331 wild edible fruit species in the present study, 1 taxon was classified as endangered (0.30%), 9 taxa (2.72%) as vulnerable, 11 taxa (3.32%) as near threatened, and 139 taxa (41.99%) as least concern, and 171 taxa (51.67%) as Data Deficient.
Plant species composition and diversity in traditional agroforestry landscapes on Siberut Island, West Sumatra, Indonesia GUSMARDI INDRA; ERIZAL MUKHTAR; SYAMSUARDI SYAMSUARDI; CHAIRUL CHAIRUL; MANSYURDIN MANSYURDIN
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 3 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250345

Abstract

Abstract. Indra G, Mukhtar E, Syamsuardi, Chairul, Mansyurdin. 2024. Plant species composition and diversity in traditional agroforestry landscapes on Siberut Island, West Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 25: 1286-1296. The research conducted on Siberut Island, situated in the western part of Sumatra, focuses on traditional communities practicing an agroforestry land management system. This study aimed to identify the plant species within agroforestry land, their respective uses, and techniques for adapting these species to the landscape in two villages, Matotonan in South Siberut District and Bojakan in North Siberut District, Mentawai Islands. Data collection involved direct observation, unstructured interviews for plant species utilization, and transects with a 10m width along contour lines for landscape data. The findings revealed that Siberut's traditional agroforestry land, known as "Pomunean," is divided into Tinugglu and Mone categories based on land slope, proximity to riverbanks, and planted species. Plant species in agroforestry land served nine primary purposes, including staple and additional food, construction, furniture, medicine, firewood, traditional rituals, and commercial activities. Tinugglu land exhibited a higher Landscape Utilization Value Index (LUVI) at 57% compared to Mone land (43%). Regarding specific plant types, Metroxylon sago (Bojakan) and Durio zybethinus (Matotonan) had the highest LUVI values. These findings shed light on the vital role that traditional ecological knowledge and sustainable land management play in maintaining the delicate balance between human livelihoods and the preservation of natural ecosystems.
Composition and Structure in the Social Forestry Area Protected Forest Nagari Manganti Kecamatan Sumpur Kudus, Kabupaten Sijunjung Ramadhana Marqfirokh; Chairul Chairul; Erizal Mukhtar
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 26 No. 1 (2026): Januari-Maret
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i1.11169

Abstract

The Social Forestry Area of the Nagari Manganti Protected Forest exhibits high vegetation diversity and the information on vegetation structure in this area remains limited. This study aims to analyze vegetation composition and structure across different growth stages, namely trees, saplings, and understory vegetation, as a scientific basis for sustainable forest management and conservation strategies. The research applied a purposive sampling method, with sample plots systematically established along transect lines. Data for tree and sapling strata were collected using non-destructive sampling methods, while understory vegetation and litter were obtained through destructive sampling. The results indicate that in the tree stratum, Rubiaceae was the dominant family, accounting for 14% of the total composition, consisting of two genera, two species, and six individuals, with Neonauclea sp. exhibiting the highest Important Value Index (IVI) at 26.84%. In the sapling stratum, Rubiaceae, Lauraceae, and Euphorbiaceae functioned as co-dominant families, contributing 18%, 13%, and 10% of the composition, respectively, with Litsea sp. recording the highest IVI at 22%. In the understory stratum, Rubiaceae was the most dominant family (36%), followed by Sapotaceae (11%) and Myrtaceae (10%), while Saraca sp. showed the highest IVI at 40.7%. Therefore, efforts to protect large-diameter trees need to be prioritized  because they play an important role in carbon storage and ecosystem stability. They also maintain dominant species and are used in vegetation rehabilitation and enrichment activities, especially in landslide-prone areas and riverbanks.
Co-Authors - Khairinnisa - Solviana - Solviana Ade Ayu Oksari Adi Bejo Suwardi Ahmad Taufiq Ahsanul Husna Amanda, Falencia Mauri Andri Saputra Anita Mayang Sari Annisa Novianti Samin AYU SMARNIA PUTRI Chairul Chairul Chairul Chairul Chairul Chairul Mahmud Dahelmi Dahelmi Desyandri Desyandri Elza Safitri Geovana, Savira GUSMARDI INDRA Inda Dwi Solina Irawan, Fiska Asif Irtanti, Amartia Eksa Irvan Fadli Wanda Islami Annisa Khairini, Ridha Mahdi Mutashim Mansyurdin Nurainas Nurainas PUTRI LISYA ANGGRAINI Ramadhana Marqfirokh Rival Yuhendri Rizaldi Rizaldi Sari Fatul Husna SEPRIANTO SEPRIANTO Solfiyeni Solfiyeni Syamsuardi Syamsuardi Thoriq Alfath Febriamansyah TISNA HARMAWAN TISNA HARMAWAN Try Surya Harapan Wilson Novarino ZIDNI ILMAN NAVIA ZIDNI ILMAN NAVIA