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Adaptive Garlic Farming to Climate Change and Variability in Lombok Nasibatul Mahmudah; Tania June; Impron
Agromet Vol. 35 No. 2 (2021): DECEMBER 2021
Publisher : PERHIMPI (Indonesian Association of Agricultural Meteorology)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/j.agromet.35.2.116-124

Climate change impact in Indonesia is generally characterized by changes in daily temperature, rainfall patterns, and sea level rise. These changes mainly influence agricultural practices for various crops, including garlic (Alium sativum L.). Current knowledge on climate vulnerability related to agricultural impact in Indonesia is limited. This study aims to identify the level of vulnerability of garlic farmer households to climate change and provide recommendations for adaptation activities for garlic farmers. The household vulnerability profile was assessed using Livelihood Vulnerability Index (LVI) and LVI-IPCC approaches. We carried out interviews for 100 respondents in four villages in Lombok to obtain primary data related to agricultural practices. Relation between climate variables and garlic productivity was determined using linear regression approach. The results showed that rainfall and temperature had a negative correlation with garlic productivity as indicated statistical indicators used, namely R2. According to LVI and LVI-IPCC approach, Sembalun Timba Gading and Sajang have the highest level of vulnerability (0.60) and Sajang Village has the lowest level of vulnerability (0.55) among all villages. The findings suggested that climate information should be considered in agricultural sector for climate change mitigation and adaptation.

Modifikasi Iklim Mikro untuk Tanaman Soba (Fagopyrum esculentum) Sebagai Pangan Fungsional Micro Climate Modification on Plant Buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum) as Functional Food Adeleyda M. W Lumingkewasa; Yonny Koesmaryono; Sandra A Aziz; Impron Impron
JURNAL PANGAN Vol. 24 No. 1 (2015): PANGAN
Publisher : Perum BULOG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33964/jp.v24i1.44

Tanaman soba (Fagopyrum esculentum) berasal dari wilayah subtropis, berpotensi sebagai pangan fungsional karena mengandung senyawa flavonoid antioksidan yaitu rutin. Kadar rutin sangat dipengaruhi oleh lingkungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui potensi tanaman soba sebagai sumber bahan pangan fungsional. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kebun Pembibitan, desa Kopo (600 meter dari permukaan laut) Kabupaten Bogor, Jawa Barat, dari bulan Mei sampai Juli 2012. Metode yang digunakan adalah rancangan petak tersarang dalam rancangan acak kelompok dua faktor dengan tiga ulangan. Faktor pertama adalah naungan terdiri dari dua taraf, yaitu: tanpa naungan, dengan naungan paranet 55 persen, dan faktor kedua adalah populasi terdiri dari dua taraf, yaitu: 200 tanaman/m2, 50 tanaman/m2. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan produksi biji terbanyak pada kombinasi perlakuan tanpa naungan populasi 200 tanaman/m2 (N0P1) sebesar 764,3 g/m2 atau 7,643 ton/hektar dan terendah pada perlakuan dengan naungan paranet 55 persen populasi 50 tanaman/m2 (N1P2) sebesar 146,0 g/m2 atau 1,46 ton/hektar. Kadar rutin tertinggi diperoleh pada perlakuan tanpa naungan sebesar 0,398 mg/g biji. Produktivitas kadarrutin biji soba sebesar 304,19 mg/m2. atau 3,04 kg/hektar.Buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum), originated from subtropical regions, has the potential as a functional food because it contains flavonoid, called rutin. Rutin concentration is greatly influenced by the environment. The objective of this study is to determine the potential of the buckwheat plant as a functional food. The research is conducted in the nursery garden of Kopo village (600 m asl), Bogor District, West Java, from May to July 2012. The method used is the nested plot design in a randomized complete block design with two factors and three replications. The first factor is two levels of shading namely without shading and with shading of 55 percent paranet. The second factor is two crop densities namely 200 plants/m2 and 50 plants/m2. The research results show that the highest grain production (764.3 g/m2 or 7.643 tons/ha) is in the combination treatment of NOP1 and the lowest one (146.0 g/m2 or 1.46 tons/ha) is in N1P2 treatment. The highest rutin concentration is obtained on the treatment without shade at 0.398 mg/g groats. The productivity of rutin concentration of buckwheat groats is 3.04 kg/ha.

Profil Cuaca dan Parameter Nisbah Bowen di Areal Persawahan Kabupaten Indramayu Saat Periode Kering Musim Tanam II Roberto I. C. O. Taolin; Impron Impron; Rini Hidayati; Bregas Budianto
Savana Cendana Vol 2 No 01 (2017): Savana Cendana (SC) - January 2017
Publisher : Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Timor

The objectives of this experiment were to study the weather profile and parameters of Bowen ratio in the Indramayu rice field area during a dry period season of planting II. Results showed that daily weather fluctuations and Bowen ratio parameters were in line with incoming net radiation of each element. Temperature, dry bulb temperature gradient, wind speed, soil heat flux, and latent heat flux increased at midday and decreased in the early afternoon, whereas wet bulb temperature gradient, humidity, and air pressure were decreased at midday and increased at afternoon. Diurnal variation of net radiation ranged from -47 to 487 Wm-2 with the mean was 241 Wm-2. Mean, maximum and minimum temperatures were 28.3 of 31.5oC, and 20.5oC, respectively. Mean of relative humidity was 66% with the range was 52% to 80%, and mean of air pressure was 101 kPa. Soil heat flux ranged from 10.3 to 19.3 Wm-2 with the mean was 8.1 Wm-2. Mean and range of Bowen ratio were 0.16 and -0.76 to 0.65, accordingly. Mean and range of latent heat flux were 172.9 Wm-2 and -85.3 to 392.3 Wm-2. Surface incoming net radiation during the measurement period was constantly ranged from 183 to 268 Wm-2 with the mean was 231 Wm-2. Mean, maximum and minimum temperatures were 29.4 of 35.5oC, and 20oC, respectively. Mean of relative humidity was 59% with the range was 45% to 67%, and mean of air pressure was 101 kPa. Wind velocity was 0.9 ms-1 and its flow direction was mostly from the Southeast (138.4o). Soil heat flux was high at the end of measurement period; ranged from 4.7 to 14.6 Wm-2 with the mean was 7.9 Wm-2. Mean and range of Bowen ratio were 0.10 and 0.02 to 0.22, accordingly. Latent heat flux value was directly proportional to incoming net radiation, ranged from 134.4 to 226.5 Wm-2 and the mean was 184 Wm-2.

Pendugaan Evapotranspirasi Padi Sawah Dengan Metode Nisbah Bowen Roberto I. C. O. Taolin; Impron Impron; Rini Hidayati; Bregas Budianto
Savana Cendana Vol 2 No 02 (2017): Savana Cendana (SC) - April 2017
Publisher : Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Timor

The objectives of this experiment were to test the accuracy of the Bowen ratio method of predicting actual evapotranspiration value of paddy rice. The case study in Indramayu regency, held from June to September 2012. The weather components measured by the Bowen Nisbah system are net radiation, wet ball and dry ball temperature, wet ball gradient and the dry ball at altitudes between 140 cm and 160 cm and at altitudes between 160 cm and 180 cm and soil heat flux. Measurements every 30 minutes from 6.00 AM to 6.00 PM. The components measured by AWS are radiation, temperature, humidity, air pressure, rainfall, wind direction, and speed. The daily evapotranspiration value estimated with Bowen ratio was compared to the correspondent value obtained from FAO Penman-Monteith method using a paired t-test. Results shown the rice field daily evapotranspiration in Indramayu measured at a dry period during the second growing season estimated with Bowen ratio method was 3.3 mm, ranging from 2.4 to 4.3 mm. The corresponding values estimated with the FAO Penman-Monteith was 3.5 mm, ranged from 2.4 to 4.6 mm. The daily evapotranspiration values estimated with two approaches were comparable.

The Optimum Planting Time and Cropping Pattern of Potatoes and Other Horticultural Commodities based on Water Balance in Solok, Indonesia Via Yulianti; Impron; Aris Pramudia
Agromet Vol. 37 No. 1 (2023): JUNE 2023
Publisher : PERHIMPI (Indonesian Association of Agricultural Meteorology)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/j.agromet.37.1.1-11

Many mountainous regions in Indonesia have been utilized for potato cultivation. But location for the cultivation is mainly a rainfed agriculture, which greatly depend on the weather condition. Lembah Gumanti in Solok, West Sumatra is a rainfed main potato-growing area, which faced a low productivity during dry season. Therefore, efforts to optimize potato production in rainfed area remains research challenge. This study aims toidentify the optimum cropping calendar for potato and other horticultural commodities in Lembah Gumanti for 2018-2021. We used the water balance approach to derive daily water availability at field level. The approach was used to identify the planting time and pattern of potato and other horticultural commodities for 2018-2023 at dekadal (10-day) interval. The results showed that the most suitable planting time and cropping patternvaried annually. In 2018-2019, the cropping calendar was potato (in October 1st 10-day) â€“ shallots (in April 1st 10-day) â€“ chilies (in July 3rd 10-day). For 2020-2021, the best cropping calendar was shallots (in November 3rd 10-day) â€“ potato (in March 3rd 10-day) â€“ shallots (in August 1st 10-day). The findings reveal that water availability determined the cropping calendar of each commodity.

Soybean Adaptation to Water Stress on Vegetative and Generative Phases Andi Safitri Sacita; Tania June; I. Impron
Agrotech Journal Vol 3, No 2 (2018): Agrotech Journal (ATJ)
Publisher : Universitas Sembilanbelas November Kolaka

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31327/atj.v3i2.843

Soybean is rich in protein and is one of the main sources of vegetable protein which essential in enhancing public nutrition. Climate change is the main trigger of the occurance of extreme weather events makes plants become more vulnerable to drought. Drought stress significantly affect the decline in soybean production, especially when it occurs during the reproductive phase. This research aimed to identify the response of soybean to water stress as a reference for determining the adaptive and tolerant varieties. The research was arranged in split-split plot design, with main plot was varieties (Dering and Argomulyo), the development phase (vegetative and generative phases) as the subplot, and water stress in the form of irrigation intervals (2, 5, and 10 days) as the sub-sub plots. The results showed that water stress during the vegetative phase has not statistically significant effect on soybean production. Soybean crop adapted to water stress by reducing the number of leaves, the leaf area, stomatal openings, as well as doing motion response by folding leaves. This crop adaptation mechanisms affecting the formation of dry matter quantity, seeds yield, water use efficiency, and radiation use efficiency

Pemodelan fenologi populasi penggerek batang padi kuning Scirpophaga incertulas (Walker) berbasis pengaruh iklim Koem, Syahrizal; Koesmaryono, Yonny; Impron, Impron
Jurnal Entomologi Indonesia Vol 11 No 1 (2014): April
Publisher : Perhimpunan Entomologi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5994/jei.11.1.1

Rice stem borer abundance are largely influenced by climate. This research aims to (i) develop a population dynamic model of yellow stem borer (YSB) and (ii) to assess the model's ability to predict abundance and population peak of YSB under climate change scenario SRES A1FI and B1. Modeling the YSB requires two major components: climate parameter and lower developmental threshold temperatures (To) to describe life cycle of YSB from the egg, larva, pupa, and adult stages. The research utilized DYMEX software to describe development, mortality, transfer of individuals from one to the next life stages, fecundity and reproduction of YSB. The coefficient of determination (R2) of calibration models between predictions and observations showed a strong positive correlation of 0.65. Model validation could well predict the peak population, with R2 = 0.42. The simulations showed that the trend of population peak occur at high rainfall i.e. in March to April, July to September, and November to December. The model predicted YSB population in the Sukamandi reaches 3 generations per year, while in Kuningan 2 generations per year. Simulation models under climate change scenarios SRES A1FI and B1 showed differences in the sensitivities. Trend of YSB population is increasing in the regions Kuningan and decreasing in region Sukamandi. Under changing climate, environment conditions in Kuningan become more suitable for the proliferation of YSB, allowing an increase in the number of generations per year.

Canopy Microclimate Modification with Reflective Mulches Under Oil Palm and Its Role to Soybean Growth Hidayat, Taufan; Koesmaryono, Yonny; Impron, Impron; Ghulamahdi, Munif
Agromet Vol. 34 No. 1 (2020): JUNE 2020
Publisher : PERHIMPI (Indonesian Association of Agricultural Meteorology)

Land utilization under oil palm plantation is constrained by the condition of low light intensities. Modification of the microclimate through the use of reflective mulch, as a reflector, will increase its ability to reflect the land surface radiation under the tree stand. This modification may suitable for intercropping system between soybean and oil palm. The study aimed to determine the effect of microclimate modification, using reflective mulch, under the stand of oil palm, and to evaluate its effect on soybean productivity. The research was conducted at PTPN-VIII Cimarga Banten using a nested random design with two factors and three replications each. The first factor is the oil palm age, which consists of: (i) control (open land), (ii) 4 years, (iii) 5 years, and (iv) 8 years age of oil palm. The second factor is the reflective mulch, as a solar radiation reflector, which consists of three levels: (i) without mulch (control), (ii) inorganic reflective mulch/silver black plastic mulch, and (iii) organic reflective mulch/dried oil palm leaves. The application of inorganic and organic reflective mulch increased the distribution of reflected land surface radiation (59%-157%), reduced the soil temperature fluctuation (0.30C-1.20C), and maintained soil water content (45.2%-45.8%). An increased of plant growth rates (56%-86%), relative growth rates (16%-21%), and seed weight production per plant (74.8%-86.2%) also reported, as well as the reduction of the etiolation ratio (9.6%-12.5%). The use of organic and inorganic reflective mulches can improve the microclimate and increase the production of soybean under intercopping system with oil palm.

Pemodelan fenologi populasi penggerek batang padi kuning Scirpophaga incertulas (Walker) berbasis pengaruh iklim Koem, Syahrizal; Koesmaryono, Yonny; Impron, Impron
Jurnal Entomologi Indonesia Vol 11 No 1 (2014): April
Publisher : Perhimpunan Entomologi Indonesia

Rice stem borer abundance are largely influenced by climate. This research aims to (i) develop a population dynamic model of yellow stem borer (YSB) and (ii) to assess the model's ability to predict abundance and population peak of YSB under climate change scenario SRES A1FI and B1. Modeling the YSB requires two major components: climate parameter and lower developmental threshold temperatures (To) to describe life cycle of YSB from the egg, larva, pupa, and adult stages. The research utilized DYMEX software to describe development, mortality, transfer of individuals from one to the next life stages, fecundity and reproduction of YSB. The coefficient of determination (R2) of calibration models between predictions and observations showed a strong positive correlation of 0.65. Model validation could well predict the peak population, with R2 = 0.42. The simulations showed that the trend of population peak occur at high rainfall i.e. in March to April, July to September, and November to December. The model predicted YSB population in the Sukamandi reaches 3 generations per year, while in Kuningan 2 generations per year. Simulation models under climate change scenarios SRES A1FI and B1 showed differences in the sensitivities. Trend of YSB population is increasing in the regions Kuningan and decreasing in region Sukamandi. Under changing climate, environment conditions in Kuningan become more suitable for the proliferation of YSB, allowing an increase in the number of generations per year.

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