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All Journal Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik Jurnal Mekanika dan Sistem Termal Sains Natural: Journal of Biology and Chemistry Abdimas Umtas : Jurnal Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat Indonesian Journal of Chemical Engineering
Zahrul Mufrodi
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Religion Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Arts Automotive Engineering Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Education Energy Engineering Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mechanical Engineering Social Sciences

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Degradation of surfactant waste of leather tanning using Fe2O3/activated carbon catalyst Shinta Amelia; Witri Rahmadani; Laeli Rizki Amalia; Zahrul Mufrodi
Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik Vol 35, No 2 (2019): Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik
Publisher : Center for Leather, Rubber, and Plastic Ministry of Industry, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20543/mkkp.v35i2.5607

Abstract

The development of the tannery industry in addition to being beneficial for the economic growth of the community also has a negative impact on the environment due to the disposal of waste produced. Components of waste produced from the leather tanning industry include residual protein and fat, surfactants, anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, coloring and tanning agents. One component that is found in surfactants and often pollutes waters is alkyl benzene sulfonate and linear alkyl benzene sulfonate surfactants. Alkyl benzene sulfonate (ABS) is an anionic surfactant that has a very long and branched carbon chain that is difficult to degrade by microorganisms in nature. Characterization and testing of the activity of porous/activated carbon catalysts will be carried out. The type of porous activated carbon used is coconut shell carbon with microspores character. The stages of this research consisted of the process of impregnation of iron oxide on porous carbon, the surfactant waste degradation process and the characterization of the catalysts produced. Based on the research that has been done, it can be concluded that the catalyst Fe2O3/coconut shell activated carbon is very effective to be applied for the degradation of surfactant waste. The degradation capacity of surfactant wastes increases with increasing concentration of active site Fe. The capacity of the surfactant waste degradation reaction using coconut shell catalyst at t = 3 hours for variations in the concentration of Fe 2%, 4% and 6% respectively 6.77 mmol/gram catalyst, 3.18 mmol/gram catalyst and 1.61 mmol/gram catalyst. The data show that the surfactant waste degradation reaction capacity increases with the increase in the composition of iron oxide added to the surface of the porous carbon support.
Project-Based Learning in Cultivating a Love of Batik through Hand-drawn Batik Training with Natural Dyes for Children Bambang Robiin; Zahrul Mufrodi; Rachma Tia Evitasari; Caraka Putra Bhakti
ABDIMAS: Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Vol. 5 No. 1 (2022): ABDIMAS UMTAS: Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat
Publisher : LPPM Universitas Muhammadiyah Tasikmalaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (789.611 KB) | DOI: 10.35568/abdimas.v5i1.1816

Abstract

Batik has become a cultural heritage that has been recognized internationally by UNESCO. Indonesian batik has been known worldwide, even the president of the Republic of Indonesia has set October 2 as the national batik day. This should be a matter of pride for the people of Indonesia, especially Yogyakarta, which has a batik culture. The pride of the batik culture that has been recognized by the world must be owned by the Indonesian people as a whole. Not only to adults but also to children. Unfortunately, in this globalization and modern era, children, especially in the Semaki and Kotagede sub-districts, are more interested in modern culture than batik. The development of technology has given a considerable influence on children in the current era of globalization. Children are more interested in playing gadgets than making batik. The complicated process of making batik becomes less attractive to the younger generation. This community service program is carried out in the form of collaborative learning with the theme Project based learning in fostering a love of batik from an early age through written batik training with natural dyes for children. The purpose of this PPM is to provide knowledge and understanding to students and children about how to make batik with natural dyes. By knowing and understanding how to make batik, it is hoped that children in the Semaki and Purbayan sub-districts will be interested in batik culture and will develop a sense of love and pride in the batik culture that has become a legacy of their ancestors. The method of this service activity consists of socialization, debriefing, natural dye testing, written batik training, natural dye training, evaluation, and reporting. This activity will be held from 21 to 26 December 2021 in Semaki and Purbayan villages. This activity has succeeded in increasing the knowledge and understanding of participants, both students and children. Students' understanding of batik skills increased from 27% to 100% while students' natural coloring skills increased from 12% to 100%. The understanding of the children also experienced a significant increase. The children's batik skills increased from 25% and 7.5% to 100% being able to make batik. While natural coloring skills increased from 4% and 0% to 100%.
Rancang Bangun Mesin Pencacah Plastik Sebagai Bahan Baku Mesin Pirolisis Skala Komunal Mochamad Syamsiro; Arip Nur Hadiyanto; Zahrul Mufrodi
Jurnal Mekanika dan Sistem Termal Vol 1, No 2: Agustus 2016
Publisher : Universitas Janabadra

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (901.428 KB)

Abstract

Design and fabrication of plastic shredding machine has been conducted to supply the feedstock for pyrolysis of waste plastics to produce liquid oil. The machine has a capacity of 20-30 kg/h depending on the plastic type and thickness. We propose the integrated system for pyrolysis of waste plastics in small or medium scale which utilize our product as a source of energy for pyrolysis and shredding machine. The gaseous and solid products can be used for pyrolysis while the liquid oil will be used for powering the shredding machine. The excess liquid oil can be used as a fuel for household and small enterprise by employing pressurized cooking stove. The preliminary test shows that the shredding machine can be used for crushing PET bottle smoothly with the capacity of 14 kg/h. The capacity can be increased by adding the material input and by employing water to push the shredded plastic flowing down.
Optimizing Catalyst Loading for Improved Quality of SF-05 in Hydrocracker Reactor C-3-03B at HCU RU V Balikpapan Adi Sampurno; Totok Eka Suharto; Zahrul Mufrodi
Indonesian Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol. 3 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26555/ijce.v3i1.873

Abstract

PT Kilang Pertamina Internasional RU V Balikpapan innovated the Unibon Hydrocracker unit to increase the production of Smooth Fluid (SF-05), a high-quality base oil for drilling mud. Because the catalyst was approaching the end of run and the product did not yet meet specifications, the catalyst (Change of Catalyst - COC) was replaced with a new configuration in Reactor I C-3-03B. This research aims to optimize the hydrocracking process by changing catalyst loading and operating settings for the C-3-16B fractionation column. It is hoped that this effort will produce high-quality SF-05, meet market demand, and increase efficiency and environmental friendliness. The research results show that the Smooth Fluid SF-05 product meets all specifications with an average hydrogen consumption of 231,649 Nm3/m3 (purity 94.83%) in the HCU Train B reactor. This condition helps improve the quality of products that are more competitive in the market, thus having a positive impact on increasing company profits. Hydrogen consumption is influenced by various process variables and increases with changes in hydrogen partial pressure, CFR, H2/HC ratio, conversion rate, WABT, and LHSV. All process variables are still within the specified operating design range.
Evaluation of Conventional Methods in Reducing Heavy Metal Concentrations in Industrial Waste Nurmustaqimah; Zahrul Mufrodi; Siti Jamilatun
Indonesian Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol. 3 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26555/ijce.v3i1.1413

Abstract

The rapid growth of the chemical industry has increased liquid waste containing heavy metals (Cadmium, Zinc, Lead), which threaten ecosystems and human health due to persistence and biomagnification. The handling of these effluents requires specific methods according to the characteristics of the effluents. Electrochemical processes stand out in heavy metal removal efficiency, while adsorption using natural materials (fruit peels, sawdust) offers lowcost effectiveness. Ion flotation utilizes surfactants, although its efficiency depends on operational conditions. Chemical precipitation with lime is a cheap solution to reduce metal solubility, while phytoremediation relies on plants as an environmentally friendly alternative. The selection of methods is based on the type of metal, waste concentration, and economic-environmental factors. The implementation of this appropriate technology is expected to minimize the risk of heavy metal pollution in a sustainable manner.
Review: Methods for Detecting Short-Chain Fatty Acids (SCFA) in Industrial and Biological Hutri Puspita Sari; Aster Rahayu; Dhias Cahya Hakika; Zahrul Mufrodi; Gita Indah Budiarti
Sains Natural: Journal of Biology and Chemistry Vol. 15 No. 4 (2025): Sains Natural
Publisher : Universitas Nusa Bangsa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31938/jsn.v15i4.805

Abstract

Industrial and biological wastes are major contributors to environmental pollution and contain high levels of organic matter that can generate short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) through microbial fermentation. SCFAs are important not only as bioenergy precursors in industrial waste management but also as key biomarkers of gut microbiota activity in biological samples. This review provides a comparative analysis of analytical methods used to detect SCFAs in both industrial and biological matrices, focusing on High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), Gas Chromatography with Flame Ionization Detection (GC-FID), and Liquid Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The findings reveal that HPLC—particularly Ion-Exclusion HPLC—is most effective for analyzing complex industrial waste samples such as waste-activated sludge (WAS) and palm oil mill effluent (POME), whereas GC-FID is more suitable for volatile-rich wastes like vinasse. Meanwhile, LC-MS/MS demonstrates exceptional accuracy and sensitivity for biological matrices such as feces, serum, and urine, allowing detection at ultra-trace concentrations. These insights underscore the need for optimized, waste-specific detection techniques to enhance environmental monitoring, waste valorization, and health-related SCFA research. Future studies should focus on developing rapid, cost-effective, and IoT-integrated detection systems to support real-time monitoring of both industrial and biological wastes.
Co-Authors Adi Sampurno Arip Nur Hadiyanto Bambang Robiin Caraka Putra Bhakti Dhias Cahya Hakika Evitasari, Rachma Tia Gita Indah Budiarti Hutri Puspita Sari Laeli Rizki Amalia Mochamad Syamsiro Nurmustaqimah Rahayu, Aster Shinta Amelia Siti Jamilatun Totok Eka Suharto Witri Rahmadani