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Journal : ISM (Intisari Sains Medis) : Jurnal Kedokteran

The prevalence of urinary incontinence in aged women in Peguyangan Village, District of Tag-Tag Kelod, Denpasar, Bali Diviya Batumalay; Yuliana Yuliana; I Nyoman Mangku Karmaya
Intisari Sains Medis Vol. 10 No. 1 (2019): (Available online 1 April 2019)
Publisher : DiscoverSys Inc.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (357.298 KB) | DOI: 10.15562/ism.v10i1.224

Abstract

Background: Urinary incontinence (UI) is a significant health problem with considerable social and economic impact. Distinguishing between prevalence and incidence of incontinence is important. There are significant variations in the severity and impact of incontinence, and its severity, frequency, and predictability all need to be considered when evaluating its effects on patients, the degree of bother is particularly significant when determining who will need treatment. Incontinence may be a result of bladder dysfunction, sphincter dysfunction, or a combination of both, but large-scale studies are not designed to determine the etiology. Aim: To know the prevalence of UI in aged women in Peguyangan village, Denpasar, Bali.Method: This is cross-sectional descriptive design conducted in Peguyangan Village Denpasar, Bali, in early July 2017. There were 79 of 94 aged women above 65 years involved in the survey using a questionnaire.Result: In young women, the prevalence of incontinence is usually low, but prevalence peaks around menopause, with a steady rise there-after into later life. Although the prevalence of stress and mixed (stress and urge) incontinence is higher than urge incontinence, the latter is more likely to require treatment. In women, moderate and severe bother have a prevalence ranging from about 3% to 17%. Severe incontinence has a low prevalence in young women but rapidly increases at ages 70 through 80.Conclusion: The prevalence is 0.076.
Awareness of male infertility among the medical students in Udayana University of batch 2015 Omprakash Nanda Kumar; Yuliana Yuliana; I Nyoman Mangku Karmaya
Intisari Sains Medis Vol. 11 No. 3 (2020): (Available online: 1 December 2020)
Publisher : DiscoverSys Inc.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (298.432 KB) | DOI: 10.15562/ism.v11i3.527

Abstract

Background: Infertility is defined as the inability to conceive after one year of unprotected sex which was affected eighty million people all over the world. Male infertility is involved in approximately 40% of the more than 2 million infertile married couples in the United States. Health promotion strategies are therefore recommended to begin with educational interventions to increased knowledge of infertility awareness. University years are a time for self-maturation which includes sexual exploration and pregnancy avoidance during this life-course transition to adulthood. There’s still no data about the awareness and knowledge about male infertility among university student especially medical student in Indonesia.Aim: The study aims to know the level awareness on male infertility among the medical students in Udayana University of batch 2015.Methods: This study was a descriptive cross-sectional design conducted on June 2018. The subjects were 102 medical students from regular and international class of Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University. The data derived with questionnaires and a preceding informed consent already had been gained from all the participants.Results: Most of the subjects were belong to the somewhat knowledgeable group (41.2%). English class and female students had the better awareness regarding the male infertility issue (36.8% and 46.7%). The highest percentages of correct answered subtheme questions were diagnosis (55%) subtheme.Conclusion: Infertility awareness, including knowledge of male risk factors, is a critical first step towards fertility preservation through lifestyle modification.
Faktor yang berhubungan dengan perilaku tes HIV pada ibu hamil di Puskesmas Abiansemal I Ni Luh Putu Suci Hary Purwani; Yuliana Yuliana; I Nyoman Gede Wardana
Intisari Sains Medis Vol. 11 No. 3 (2020): (Available online: 1 December 2020)
Publisher : DiscoverSys Inc.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (306.272 KB) | DOI: 10.15562/ism.v11i3.696

Abstract

Background: HIV transmission vertically within children or infants become essential point of view for reducing HIV cases. Aim: The study aims to find out the related factors of HIV test behavior among pregnant women in public primary healthcare Abiansemal I.Method: This study used analytical cross-sectional design and consecutive sampling among pregnant women who have routine examination in public primary healthcare Abiansemal I Badung, Bali. Respondents asked to fill a self-administered questionnaire from Health Belief Model to asses of respondent’s perception about HIV screening test.Result and conclusion: There are 43 pregnant women as respondents with mean age 27 years. Of 49 respondents, 71.4% is pregnant women with equal or below of high school education. 16.3% of respondents did not work and 51% have a good knowledge about HIV. Through bivariate analysis have found gestational age, education level, knowledge, and risk perception have significant associations that can included into multivariate analysis (p<0.25). From multivariate analysis, we found that risk perception have independent association to HIV test among pregnant women (p<0.05; OR 0.121; 95%CI 0.021 – 0.690). Penularan HIV kepada anak-anak atau bayi menjadi fokus permasalahan penting dalam program reduksi kasus HIV. Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui faktor yang berhubungan dengan perilaku tes HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) pada ibu hamil di Puskesmas Abiansemal I.Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross-sectional analitik dengan purposive sampling pada sampel ibu hamil yang rutin melakukan pemeriksaan kehamilan di Wilayah Pelayanan Puskesmas Abiansemal I, Badung. Seluruh responden mengisi kuesioner adaptasi health belief model untuk menilai persepsi responden mengenai tes skrining HIV.Hasil dan simpulan: Total responden pada penelitian ini adalah 49 orang dengan rerata usia 27 tahun. Dari 49 responden tersebut, 71,4% memiliki riwayat pendidikan terakhir, yaitu di bawah atau sama dengan sekolah menengah atas (SMA). Terdapat 16,3% responden yang tidak bekerja dan 51% responden memiliki pengetahuan yang baik mengenai HIV. Melalui analisis bivariat, ditemukan bahwa usia kehamilan, tingkat pendidikan, pengetahuan, dan persepsi risiko memiliki hubungan yang dapat diinklusi dalam analisis multivariat (p<0,25).  Pada analisis multivariat, ditemukan bahwa persepsi risiko memiliki hubungan independen terhadap perilaku tes HIV ibu hamil (p<0,05; OR 0,121; 95%IK 0,021 - 0,690).
Perbandingan kapasitas vital paru dan FEV1 antara atlet olahraga aerobik dan nonatlet: sebuah tinjauan sistematik Anak Agung Ratih Kusumadewi Wiraputri; I Nyoman Gede Wardana; Yuliana Yuliana; Muliani Muliani
Intisari Sains Medis Vol. 12 No. 1 (2021): (Available online : 1 April 2021)
Publisher : DiscoverSys Inc.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (2531.344 KB) | DOI: 10.15562/ism.v12i1.914

Abstract

Introduction: Physical exercise, such as aerobic exercise, depends on the aerobic energy generation process or requires oxygen. One way to determine the benefits of physical activity in individuals is to look at the differences in lung function in the group who regularly exercise (athletes) with the sedentary group. This review will discuss further the comparison of vital lung capacity and Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 sec (FEV1), which is presented in the form of a systematic review.Methods: A search for journals published from 2015-2020 was conducted on the CENTRAL, ProQuest, Pubmed, and ScienceDirect databases that compared cardiorespiratory endurance values in athletes and non-athletes. The preparation of this systematic review is based on guidelines for writing systematic reviews by Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyzes (PRISMA).Results: The literature search results in 30 studies. These studies were analyzed based on the intervention or exposure to see the description and differences of lung function characteristics, especially vital capacity and FEV1 in aerobic and non-athletic athletes.Conclusion: Aerobic sports athletes tend to have better lung function than non-athletes, where lung function is assessed based on the higher FVC and FEV1 values in aerobic athletes. Several studies that showed insignificant differences on the lung function of aerobic athletes and non-athletes were caused by differences in the anthropometric characteristics of each group, which was a confounding factor in the study.  Pendahuluan: Latihan fisik seperti olahraga aerobik merupakan aktivitas fisik yang bergantung pada proses pembentukan energi secara aerob dan dapat memberikan efek positif terhadap sistem kardiovaskular dan respirasi. Salah satu cara untuk mengetahui manfaat aktivitas fisik pada individu adalah dengan melihat perbedaan fungsi paru pada kelompok yang rutin berolahraga (atlet) dengan kelompok sedenter. Dalam tinjauan ini akan dibahas lebih jauh mengenai perbandingan kapasitas vital paru dan Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 sec (FEV1) yang disajikan dalam bentuk tinjauan sistematik.Metode: Pencarian jurnal yang membandingkan nilai daya tahan kardiorespirasi pada atlet dan nonatlet yang diterbitkan dari tahun 2015-2020 melalui database CENTRAL, ProQuest, Pubmed, dan ScienceDirect. Penyusunan systematic review ini didasarkan pada pedoman penulisan tinjauan sistematik oleh Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA).Hasil: Hasil pencarian literatur berupa 30 studi yang relevan dan kemudian dianalisis berdasarkan pada intervensi atau paparan yang dilakukan untuk melihat gambaran serta perbedaan karakteristik fungsi paru khususnya kapasitas vital dan FEV1 pada atlet aerobik dan nonatlet.Simpulan: Atlet olahraga aerobik cenderung mempunyai fungsi paru yang baik jika dibandingkan dengan non-atlet, dimana fungsi paru ini dinilai berdasarkan lebih tingginya nilai FVC dan FEV1 pada atlet aerobik. Beberapa studi yang menunjukkan hasil tidak signifikan terhadap fungsi paru atlet aerobik dan nonatlet disebabkan oleh adanya perbedaan karakteristik antropometri dari masing-masing kelompok dimana hal ini merupakan faktor perancu dalam penelitian.
Asam urat serum tinggi dan risiko mortalitas kardiovaskular: sebuah tinjauan sistematik penelitian kohort Anak Agung Gede Bilwa Bhavendra; Yuliana Yuliana; Muliani Muliani; I Nyoman Gede Wardana
Intisari Sains Medis Vol. 12 No. 1 (2021): (Available online : 1 April 2021)
Publisher : DiscoverSys Inc.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (460.193 KB) | DOI: 10.15562/ism.v12i1.945

Abstract

Introduction: Serum uric acid has been reported as a predictor of cardiovascular mortality, but there are many debates regarding this finding. This systematic review will analyze and discuss about serum uric acid as an indicator of cardiovascular mortality risk.Methods: A literature search was carried out on the PubMed and ProQuest databases for publication that focused on the association of serum uric acid and cardiovascular mortality risk within 2015-2020. The preparation of this systematic review is based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA).Results: In this review, four studies were relevant and met the selection criteria. All studies were prospective cohort studies. There were a total of 668,768 participants involved, with a slight female majority (55%). Participants involved in this study were aged 35 years or older. Three of the studies examined showed an association between high serum uric acid levels and cardiovascular disease mortality. Only one study did not show a statistically significant relationship. Each study used a different cut-off point for serum uric acid categories, making the uric acid indicator difficult to apply in clinical practice. The three studies conducted in Asia provide a more practical result that is relevant to the Indonesian population. In all three studies, results were consistent, showing elevated serum uric acid increases cardiovascular mortality risk.Conclusion: Serum uric acid level can predict the risk of death from cardiovascular disease. The study conducted in Asia is quite relevant to the Indonesian population, where the results of the study significantly and consistently found that high serum uric acid levels can increase the risk of cardiovascular mortality.  Pendahuluan: Asam urat serum dilaporkan dapat memperkirakan risiko dari mortalitas kardiovaskular, akan tetapi masih terdapat banyak perdebatan terkait temuan tersebut. Dalam tinjauan ini akan dibahas lebih jauh mengenai hubungan asam urat serum terhadap risiko mortalitas kardiovaskular yang disajikan dalam systematic review.Metode: Pencarian literatur dilakukan pada database PubMed dan ProQuest dengan mengidentifikasi jurnal yang diterbitkan dari tahun 2015-2020 yang berfokus pada topik asam urat serum dan hubungannya terhadap risiko mortalitas kardiovaskular. Penyusunan systematic review ini disusun berdasarkan pedoman Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA).Hasil: Dalam tinjauan ini terdapat 4 studi yang relevan dan memenuhi kriteria seleksi. Seluruh studi merupakan studi kohort prospektif. Terdapat total 668.768 partisipan yang terlibat dengan persentase perempuan sebesar 55%. Partisipan yang terlibat dalam studi ini berusia 35 tahun atau lebih. Tiga dari empat penelitian yang ditinjau menunjukan adanya hubungan antara kadar asam urat serum yang tinggi dengan kematian akibat penyakit kardiovaskular. Hanya satu penelitian yang tidak menunjukan hubungan yang bermakna secara statistik. Masing-masing penelitian menggunakan titik potong kategori asam urat serum yang berbeda-beda yang menyebabkan efektivitas indikator asam urat serum sulit untuk diaplikasikan. Tiga studi yang dilakukan di Asia memberikan gambaran yang lebih sesuai untuk aplikasi di Indonesia karena populasi partisipannya lebih mendekati keadaan populasi Indonesia.  Pada ketiga studi tersebut diperoleh hasil yang konsisten menunjukan peningkatan asam urat serum meningkatkan risiko mortalitas kardiovaskular.Kesimpulan: Kadar asam urat serum dapat dapat memperkirakan risiko mortalitas akibat penyakit kardiovaskular. Studi yang dilakukan di Asia, cukup relevan dengan populasi Indonesia, dimana hasil studi ini secara signifikan dan konsisten mendapatkan kadar asam urat serum yang tinggi dapat meningkatkan risiko mortalitas akibat penyakit kardiovaskular.