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Efektivitas Ekstrak Black Garlic dalam Menghambat Pertumbuhan Candida albicans Ratih Iswari Ningtias; Dyah Indartin Setyowati; Ari Tri Wanodyo Handayani
Pustaka Kesehatan Vol 8 No 3 (2020): Volume 8 No. 3, 2020
Publisher : UPT Percetakan dan Penerbitan Universitas Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19184/pk.v8i3.12990

Black garlic has many properties naturally can be used as an antifungi. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of Black garlic extract in inhibiting the growth of Candida albicans and knowing the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Fungicidal Concentration (MFC) of Black garlic extract against Candida albicans. This study used 5 groups of Black garlic extract concentration, namely 75%, 50%, 25%, 12.5%, and positive controls, with 5 replications. Extraction was carried out using maceration method with 96% ethanol solvent, while the antifungal test was carried out by liquid dilution method. MIC was determined by observing the turbidity and clarity of each test solution and compared to the control solution. MFC was determined by observing the presence or absence of fungi colonies growing on Sabouraud Dextrosa Agar (SDA) media after incubation for 24 hours. The results of the study carried out the Kruskall-Wallis test showed a significance value (p <0.05) which means that there were significant differences in all groups. In the Mann-Whitney test showed a significance value (p <0.05) which means there are differences between treatment groups. The conclusion is that Black garlic extract has the ability to antifungal with MIC at a concentration of 50% and MFC at a concentration of 75%.

Daya Hambat Ekstrak Buah Delima Merah (Punica granatum Linn) Terhadap Pertumbuhan Porphyromonas gingivalis (The Inhibition of Red Pomegranate Fruit Extract (Punica granatum Linn) on The Growth Porphyromonas gingivalis) Alvin Ananda Susetyo; Sri Hernawati; Dyah Indartin
Pustaka Kesehatan Vol 5 No 2 (2017)
Publisher : UPT Percetakan dan Penerbitan Universitas Jember

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Background : Halitosis is a common complaint among general population. Porphyromonasgingivalis 33277 is the most frequent bacteria that cause halitosis. Pomegranate (Punicagranatum Linn) extract is used to control the number of Porphyromonas gingivalis population.Bioactive compound of pomegranate is polyphenol (Flavonoids and its derivate, tanins,ellagitanins) and Alkaloids. Objective : To Analyze the effectiveness of pomegranate againstInhibition of Porphyromonas gingivalis Materials and Metdhods :The research used discdiffusion method (Kirby-Bauer) with 7 treatment group (n=6). Petridish was filled with Agar andinoculated by Porphyromonas gingivalis. after 5 minutes, set up disk that previously immersed in100%, 50%, 25%, 12,5%, 6,25% pomegranate extract, distilled water (negative control) andClorhexidine 0,2% (positive control) on top. The Petridish were then placed in the desiccator andincubator at 37oC for 24 hours. Zone of Inhibition were measured using digital caliper by threeindependent observer and recorded in millimeter. The result of this study showed that there wereInhibition zone in all treatment group (except negative control). Results and Conclusions :Pomegranate extract had antibacterial activity against Porphyromonas gingivalis at 6,25 minimuminhibitory concentration.Keywords: Antibacterial activity, Punica granatum Linn extract, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method.

ROLE OF CHEMOATTRACTANT CHEMOKINE (SDF-1/CXCR4) IN BONE MARROW NICHE Dyah Indartin Setyowati; Zahreni Hamzah
UNEJ e-Proceeding Proceeding of 1st International Conference on Medicine and Health Sciences (ICMHS)
Publisher : UPT Penerbitan Universitas Jember

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Bone marrow is the pioneer for studying stem cells.The basic concept of stem cells obtained by studyinghematopoietic stem cells. Although how theinteraction of HSCs with the local environmentnecessary for the maintenance of stem cells can notbe fully explained ( Compston, 2002; Iwasaki andSuda., 2010). Studies of HSCs aims to study thehabits of these cells in a population of cellscontained in bone marrow . So far little is knownabout the interaction of the bone marrow niche. Thestudy was conducted using a culture system thatlimited done in a sustainable way to prove theinteraction of the bone marrow niche. From theseresults can then be identified subset of osteoblasts (N-Cadherin + CD 45-) that physically attaches to theHSCs in the BM . ( Tong Yin , 2006)Bone marrow consist of hematopoietic cells arewrapped by the bone structure. Hematopoietic cellsdevelop in the bone cavity and retained in the bonemarrow until they have matured, then released intothe vascular system ( Yin and Li , 2006). Most cells ofhaemopoietic can be found next to the endostealsurface of the bone, which layer is primarilyosteoblasts. Osteoblasts is one type of bone cell thatserves to reform or bone formation. HSCs are stemcells that are known to differentiate into osteoclasts.Osteoclasts are the cells of bone that serves to boneresorption. Their physical proximity betweenosteoblasts and which HSCs are parent cellsosteoclasts, as well as the identification of N -Cadherin / β - Catenin adherent complex betweenthe two prove their relationship or communicationbetween these cells. Osteoblast cells not only play arole in bone formation, but as osteoblast niche inthe bone marrow also, contribute to themaintenance of HSCs that are stem cells osteoclasts(Yin and Li , 2006 ; Tong Yin , 2006 ).There are two main types of stem cells areembryonic and adult stem cells . Pluripotentembryonic stem cells derived from the inner cellmass of blastocysts and has the ability to be a threeembryonic germ layers , namely ectoderm ,endoderm , and mesoderm (Li and Xie , 2005). Atbirth, adult stem cells including GSCs and SSCs willoccupy and live in a special microenvironment,called a niche (Li and Sie., 2005)Niche is different depending on the type of tissue ororgan. Structurally niche supported by the cells andtheir interactions molecular signals that preparedand provided to form a microenvironment for stemcells. Niche hypothesis has actually been describedby Scofield in 1978 ( Li and Sie , 2005; Yin and Li ,2006) . Stem cell niche is supported by manysignaling and adhesion molecules involved in theinteraction of the stem cell niche, accounted diversecharacteristics for each niche function ( figure 1 )that is; SDF -1/CXCR4 , SCF/c - Kit, Jagged/Notch,angiopoietin-1/ Tie2 ( Ang-1/Tie2 ), and Ca2 + -sensing receptor ( Yin and Li, 2006). Most studiesconducted to know and understand the molecularmechanisms of interaction and behavior of stemcells. Understanding the interaction and behavior ofstem cells in the bone marrow niche is veryimportant to understand the eventsosteoclastogenesis, especially how osteoclastprecursor cells can be recruited from niche thenmobile until homing (Kollet et al , 2007). Research isusually conducted in diseases associated with theaccumulation of osteoclasts or osteoclast progenitorcells that causes pathological osteolysis , such as ;benign bone tumors and bone metastases cancer (Kollet et al , 2007; Jennifer , 2009).

ROLE OF REACTIVE OXYGEN SPECIES ON DEVELOPMENTS OF OSTEOCLASTOGENESIS IN AGING Dyah Indartin Setyowati; Zahreni Hamzah; Zahara Meilawaty
UNEJ e-Proceeding 2016: Proceeding The 1st International Basic Science Conference
Publisher : UPT Penerbitan Universitas Jember

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Osteogenesis is a process of development which is perfectly controlled by a number of extrinsic and instrinsic factors that consists of hormones, growth factors, cytokines produced in the bone marrow micro environment, due to process of molecules adhesion that mediate by the interaction of cells and cell-matrix, osteoblasts-specific signaling proteins and transcription factors (TFs). Recently, research explained that adherence osteoclasts on the bone surface and secretion of protons into an extracellular compartment between osteoclasts and bone surface together with the production of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) involved in the complex process of bone resorption. Superoxide role in the activation and transcription NF-κB factor is to increase osteoclastogenesis. Furthermore, it is alleged that ROS is involved in both differentiation of osteoclasts and osteoblast cell. Aging and diseases which associated with aging is a result of ROS that cause damage was reported increase with age. This review, which is dedicated to geriatric physicians, geriatric dentistry or gerodontology reviews ROS-related osteoclastogenesis in aging and as the basic of the research to determine benefit of ROS through NADPH oxidase activation in the osteopetrotic case.

Oral health profile of the elderly people in the Pandalungan community Amandia Dewi Permana Shita; Zahreni Hamzah; Zahara Meilawaty; Tecky Indriana; Ari Tri Wanodyo Handayani; Dyah Indartin Setyowati
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 53 No. 4 (2020): December 2020
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v53.i4.p217-222

Background: The Pandalungan community is a unique community established through the assimilation of two dominant cultures: the Javanese and Madurese. Both of these communities created a community with a new culture called the Pandalungan community culture. The people of this community live in coastal, rural and urban areas. Generally, research on the uniqueness in the oral health behaviour of the Pandalungan community has not been conducted since the oral health practices of the Pandalungan community are considered to be the same as that of the Javanese community. Purpose: In order to develop programmes for oral health prevention, this research aims at comparing the oral health profiles of the elderly (classified as per age) living in the rural and urban areas in the Jember Regency. Methods: The research employs a cross-sectional approach. The subjects of the research were selected on the basis of the total number of elderly people who attended the monthly meetings of the Karang Werda (those not willing to participate in the study were excluded). The study was conducted by organising extensive interviews, performing observations and intraoral examinations. Each group was classified into three subgroups on the basis of age: pre-elderly, elderly and high-risk elderly. The intraoral examination conducted included the oral hygiene index-simplified (OHI-S), the number of teeth missing, the depth of the pocket and the number of all functional tooth units (all-FTU). Results: The oral health profile of people in the rural community was poor when compared to the oral health profile of people living in the urban community (by accounting for nearly all the variables in the examination). Conclusion: The oral health profile of the elderly people in the Pandalungan community was poor. Adequate prevention and care are essential to maintain the oral health of people in the Pandalungan community.

Laju aliran saliva dan insidensi kandidiasis oral pada pasien lansia perokok dan bukan perokokSalivary flow rate and incidence of oral candidiasis in elderly smokers and nonsmokers Dyah Indartin Setyowati; Leni Rokhma Dewi; Sri Hernawati; Iin Eliana Triwahyuni; Safira Zahra Marari
Jurnal Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Padjadjaran Vol 32, No 3 (2020): Desember 2020
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/jkg.v32i3.28849

Pendahuluan: Merokok merupakan salah satu kebiasaan yang sering dilakukan oleh masyarakat, termasuk kelompok lanjut usia (lansia). Kebiasaan merokok dapat mempengaruhi sekresi saliva pada lansia yang secara fisiologis mengalami penurunan sekresi saliva dan penipisan epitel mukosa mulut karena proses penuaan. Perubahan sekresi saliva dan penipisan epitel mukosa mulut dapat meningkatkan resiko infeksi rongga mulut seperti kandidiasis oral. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis perbedaan sekresi saliva melalui pengukuran laju aliran saliva serta terjadinya kandidiasis oral pada pasien lansia perokok dan bukan perokok, di Rumah Sakit Gigi Mulut Universitas Jember (RSGM UNEJ). Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan analitik observasional pada pasien lansia RSGM UNEJ di Bagian Penyakit Mulut meliputi status merokok, pengukuran laju aliran saliva unstimulated, dan insidensi kandidiasis oral berdasarkan hasil pemeriksaan mikrobiologi oral swab. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh pasien lansia RSGM UNEJ Bagian Penyakit Mulut periode September 2019-Januari 2020. Metode pengambilan sampel yang digunakan adalah total sampling. Hasil: Hasil uji Mann-Whitney menunjukkan tidak ada perbedaan signifikan antara sekresi saliva unstimulated pasien lansia perokok dan bukan perokok. Terdapat perbedaan kejadian kandidiasis oral antara pasien lansia yang merokok dengan yang tidak merokok (nilai p=0,065; derajat kepercayaan=90%). Simpulan: Tidak terdapat perbedaan laju aliran saliva pada lansia perokok dan bukan perokok, namun terdapat perbedaan terjadinya kandidiasis oral antara lansia perokok dan bukan perokok.Kata kunci: Laju aliran saliva, merokok, kandidiasis oral, lansia. ABSTRACTIntroduction: Smoking is one of the habits often carried out by the community, including the elderly. Smoking habits can affect salivary secretion in the elderly, who physiologically experience decreased salivary secretion and thinning of the oral mucosal epithelium due to the ageing process. The salivary secretion change and thinning of the oral mucosal epithelium can increase the risk of oral infections such as oral candidiasis. The purpose of this study was to analyse the differences in salivary secretion by measuring the salivary flow rate and the occurrence of oral candidiasis in elderly smokers and nonsmokers at the University of Jember Dental Hospital. Methods: This study was an observational analytic study in elderly patients of the Department of Oral Diseases University of Jember Dental Hospital, including the smoking status, measurement of unstimulated salivary flow, and the incidence of oral candidiasis based on the results of the oral microbiological swab. This study’s population were all elderly patients at the Department of Oral Diseases University of Jember Dental Hospital for September 2019-January 2020. The sampling method used was total sampling. Results: The Mann-Whitney test results showed no significant difference between the unstimulated saliva secretion of elderly smokers and nonsmokers. There was a difference in the incidence of oral candidiasis between elderly smokers’ patients and nonsmokers (p-value = 0.065; confidence level = 90%). Conclusion: There is no difference in the salivary flow rate in elderly smokers and nonsmokers, however, there are differences in the occurrence of oral candidiasis between elderly smokers and nonsmokers.Keywords: Salivary flow rate, smoking, oral candidiasis, elderly.

MANAGEMENT OF RECURRENT APHTHOUS STOMATITIS WITH PSYCHOLOGICAL STRESS (Case Report) Ayu Mashartini Prihanti; Dyah Indartin Setyowati; Leni Rokhma Dewi
UNEJ e-Proceeding 2022: E-Prosiding Kolokium Hasil Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat
Publisher : UPT Penerbitan Universitas Jember

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Recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) is an inflammation of the soft tissues of the mouth characterized by recurrent ulcers in the absence of other underlying diseases. Pain and discomfort in the area around the ulcer can be caused by mastication, or during speech. The characteristics of RAS are in the form of recurrent ulcers in the oral cavity with a round or oval shape and edges surrounded by erythema with a gray-yellow base of the lesion. RAS occurs starting at a young age, namely children and puberty, and can occur in adults. RAS is clinically divided into 3 types, namely major, minor, and herpetiform. A 21-year-old female patient came to the RSGM Universitas Jember with complaints of stomatitis in the mouth. Canker sores recur at least 1 year 3-5 times, and usually heal on their own in about 10 days. Intra-oral examination of the lower and lateral labial mucosa of the right tongue found ulcers, round, 2-3mm in diameter, white center, erythematous edges, clear boundaries. Based on the examination, the patient was diagnosed with Minor Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis with a predisposition to psychological stress. The patient was given topical anti-inflammatory aloe vera therapy with multivitamin becomzet (vitamin B complex, A, C, E, and Zinc). The patient showed a positive response to the therapy.

Efektivitas Ekstrak Bawang Putih dan Bawang Hitam dalam Menghambat Pertumbuhan Candida albicans Ni Made Widia Sasmita Indraswari; Dyah Indartin Setyowati; Zahreni Hamzah
Pustaka Kesehatan Vol 10 No 2 (2022): Volume 10 No.2, 2022
Publisher : UPT Percetakan dan Penerbitan Universitas Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19184/pk.v10i2.14625

Antifungal drugs that already exist have several side effects, so it needs to be developed a new drug from natural ingredients. Garlic and black garlic are known to have organosulfur compounds that can be used as an antifungal. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of garlic (A. sativum) and black garlic extract in inhibiting the growth of Candida albicans. This study used 3 groups, namely control group, the garlic (A. sativum) extract group and the black garlic extract group by using concentration 100%, 75%, 50%, and 25% with 3 times replication. Extraction using maceration method with 96% ethanol solvent, while the antifungal test using disk diffusion method. antifungal effect is determined by calculating the inhibition zone formed on Sabouraud Dextrosa Agar (SDA) media after incubating for 24 hours. The results of Kruskall-Wallis test showed a significance value (p <0.05) which means there were differences in all groups. In the Mann-Whitney test showed a significance value (p >0.05) which means there are no significant differences between treatment groups. In conclusion, garlic extract is more effective compared to black garlic extract but the difference is not significant.

The Differences of Oral Mucosa Disease between Undernutrition and Stunting Toddlers in Jember Inaayatul Maula; Sofira Nadia; Ristya Widi Endah Yani; Dyah Indartin Setyowati
Health Notions Vol 6, No 9 (2022): September
Publisher : Humanistic Network for Science and Technology (HNST)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33846/hn60903

Inadequate nutritional intake when the fetus is born until the early baby is born affects the growth and development of toddlers, which has an impact on malnutrition and stunting. This research aims to analyse the differences of oral mucosa at undernutrition and stunting toddlers in Jember. The study was conducted in Jelbuk District, Jember. A cross-sectional study was applied in this research. The research population was undernutrition toddlers in Silo and Jelbuk with purposive sampling technique. The variables in this research were undernutrition, stunting, and soft tissue diseases of the oral cavity (angular cheilitis, glossitis, cheilitis, recurrent aphthous stomatitis). The samples were 40 undernutrition toddlers and 40 stunting toddlers. The inclusion criteria of respondents were the undernutrition and stunting toddlers aged 24-60 months. While the exclusion criteria were physical disability and mental disorder toddlers. The statistic data of this research were analysed using a Mann–Whitney U Test. The male experienced more undernutrition and stunting based on the gender. The highest percentage of glossitis in undernutrition under five was about 47.5%. The highest percentage of angular cheilitis in stunted toddlers was about 42.5%. The Mann–Whitney U test statistical test resulted in a significance of 0.439. In conclusion, there is no difference on oral mucosa disease between undernutrition and stunting toddlers. Keywords: oral mucosa; undernutrition; stunting

EFFECTIVENESS TEST OF NEEM GUM (Azadirachta indica) SOLUTION AGAINST THE VIABILITY OF Escherichia coli AND Salmonella Typhimurium (IN VITRO) Debi Suntari; Dominica Diana Siswadi; Zahreni Hamzah; Ari Tri Wanodyo Handayani; Dyah Indartin Setyowati
Jurnal Pangan dan Agroindustri Vol. 10 No. 1: January 2022
Publisher : Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture Technology, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jpa.2022.010.01.5

Neem gum is an exudate from hardened neem plant (Azadirachta indica). Neem gum contains many active compounds especially heteropolysaccharides. It composes monosaccharides namely L-arabinose, L-fucose, D-galactose, D-glucuronic acid, D-xylose, glucose, and mannose. In addition, there are other compounds of neem gum such as NaCl, KCl, salvadora, salvadorin, saponin, phenol, and tannin have the potential to reduce the viability of pathogens. Heteropolysaccharides are water soluble non-starch carbohydrates. Heteropolysaccharides are known unable to be degraded by digestive enzymes but have potential as substrates for commensal bacteria that can benefit the host. One of the requirements for functional food ingredient is also to reduce the viability of pathogenic bacteria such as Escherecia coli and Salmonella Typhimurium. The MTT test method was used to calculate bacterial viability. The viability of two bacteria exposed to neem gum solution decreased as the concentration increased, according to the results of this study.

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