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All Journal LAW REFORM Nurani: Jurnal Kajian Syariah dan Masyarakat Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Research
Abhishek Kumar
Department of Chemical Engineering and Technology, IIT (BHU), Varanasi-221005, Uttar Pradesh
Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Medicine & Pharmacology Social Sciences

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Evaluation of hypoglycemic potential of Cuminum cyminum and its role in modulation of cognitive function in rats with induced diabetes Kumar, Abhishek; Shekhar, Amit; Dua, Mitali; Jangra, Indu; Suranagi, Umesh; Arora, Ekta
Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Research Vol. 12 No. 6 (2024)
Publisher : Creative Pharma Assent

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.69857/joapr.v12i6.549

Abstract

Background: This study investigated the effects of Cuminum cyminum (C. cyminum) on cognitive behaviour and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) levels in diabetic rats, comparing its efficacy with Glibenclamide, Sulbutiamine, and Resveratrol. Methods: Wistar rats were randomized into 12 groups (n=10) half diabetic and half non-diabetic controls and administered C. cyminum 500 mg/kg and 1000 mg/kg, Glibenclamide (5 mg/kg), Sulbutiamine (50 mg/kg), and Resveratrol (25 mg/kg). Controls included diabetic and non-diabetic rats without treatment. Blood glucose, insulin, oxidative stress markers, and AChE levels were measured, along with behavioural parameters of learning and memory using the elevated plus maze, passive avoidance, and Morris water maze. Results: Both doses of C. cyminum significantly reduced blood glucose levels (Dose I decreased blood glucose levels from 278.5 ± 3.66 mg/dl to 136.8 ± 4.91 mg/dl while dose II decreased the blood glucose levels to 138.8 ± 3.83 mg/dl) and improved learning and memory, as evidenced by faster transfer latency (TL) and better retention in the elevated plus maze and Morris water maze. The higher dose was particularly effective in reducing brain AChE levels and improving cognitive performance in passive avoidance tests. Conclusion: Both doses of C. cyminum decreased the AChE activity induced by diabetes, improving learning and memory. The antioxidant and anti-hyperglycaemic potential may partially contribute to delaying cognitive impairment. Thus, the study suggests that C. cyminum may be beneficial in mitigating behavioural and biochemical changes associated with diabetes mellitus, offering potential as a complementary therapy to existing diabetes treatments. Elaborate studies in the future are essential to explore its antidiabetic and neuroprotective potential.
Beyond Islamic Legal Principle: Social Justification of Adolescent Forced Marriage after Sexual Intercourse Masruroh, Ainul; Mahmutarom, Mahmutarom; Kumar, Abhishek; Afiyah, Siti
Nurani Vol 25 No 2 (2025): Nurani: jurnal kajian syari'ah dan masyarakat
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Fatah Palembang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19109/nurani.v25i2.29991

Abstract

The social justification for the practice of forced marriage among adolescents engaged in premarital sexual activity reveals a clear contradiction between prevailing social norms and the principles of Islamic law. However, this phenomenon tends to be overlooked in previous studies. In addition to responding to the shortcomings of existing studies, this study also aims to explain the characteristics of forced marriage practices for adolescents who engage in sexual activity outside of marriage. This research is a descriptive qualitative study that uses a case study approach. The findings indicate that forced marriage among adolescents is frequently employed as a means of safeguarding both individual and familial honor within the prevailing social value system of the community. There are three main findings that support this conclusion. First, the decision to arrange a forced marriage is usually made by the family without considering the teenager's personal wishes. Second, the reason this practice is accepted by the community is because it is believed to uphold shared moral values and standards of proper behavior. Third, the controversies that arise reflect the contradictions between the social system and the principles of Islamic law. The significance of this study rests in its contribution to enriching the discourse of Islamic law through a social reality-based approach, thereby creating space for contextual reinterpretation of the law with an emphasis on the welfare of its subjects.
Copyright Protection of Computer Software: A Comparative Study of India and Indonesia Jened, Rahmi; Raharjo, Ignasius Sumarsono; Kumar, Abhishek; Rathi, Aditya; Sari, Betharia Noor Indah; Zulfah, Shofiy
LAW REFORM Vol 22, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : PROGRAM STUDI MAGISTER ILMU HUKUM FAKULTAS HUKUM UNIVERSITAS DIPONEGORO SEMARANG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/lr.v22i1.64235

Abstract

Since its invention around fifty years ago, computer technology has drastically changed people's lives. As well as providing various conveniences, the existence of computers has also given rise to a number of legal issues. This research project aims to examine comparative law in the context of copyright protection for computer programs in Indonesia and India. Multiple approaches were used: comparative, statutory, conceptual and case. The results obtained are as follows: (1) In Indonesia, a country with a civil law tradition, the benchmark for protecting authors is a reward system. Meanwhile, India, which has a common law legal tradition, uses a benchmark of copyright on the object of work creation as an incentive system;(2) The standard of copyrightability in Indonesia emphasises originality and creativity to a high degree. India, however, places more emphasis on fixation;(3) Both countries provide automatic protection for computer programs for a term of 50 years;(4) In Indonesia, copyright encompasses both economic and moral rights. India, however, places more emphasis on economic rights;(5) There are limitations and exceptions to author's rights in Indonesia. India has a system of fair use or fair dealing;(6) Copyright infringement can be direct or indirect. In Indonesia, law enforcement includes criminal sanctions in the form of imprisonment and fines. In India, it is mostly based on civil lawsuits and damages.
Co-Authors Afiyah, Siti Arora, Ekta Dua, Mitali Jangra, Indu Mahmutarom, Mahmutarom Masruroh, Ainul Raharjo, Ignasius Sumarsono Rahmi Jened Rathi, Aditya Sari, Betharia Noor Indah Shekhar, Amit Suranagi, Umesh Zulfah, Shofiy