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Design of Mechanical Coffee Pulper Equipment Johanes Mikael Simanulang; Achwil Putra Munir; Lukman Adlin Harahap
Jurnal Rekayasa Pangan dan Pertanian Vol 1, No 4 (2013): Jurnal Rekayasa Pangan dan Pertanian
Publisher : Universitas Sumatera Utara

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The constraint of capacity of semi mechanical coffee skin pulper is one of the obstacles to increase the coffee production. To overcome this, we need a motor-driven mechanical coffee skin pulper. The research was conducted with the study of literature and observations of semi mechanical coffee skin pulper. Then mechanical coffee skin pulper was designed. Effective capacity was 117.39 kg/h or 821.73 kg/day. This was greater than human driven semi mechanical coffee skin pulper. Basic costs to be spent in coffee pulping with this device was Rp. 85.159 /kg in the 1st year, Rp. 76.139 /kg in the 2nd year, Rp. 73.137 /kg in the 3th year, Rp. 71.638 /kg in the 4th year, and Rp. 70.741 /kg in the 5th year. This equipment will reach break-even point if it has been pulping coffee at 15104.499 kg/year. Net present value of these tools with 6% interest rate was Rp. 72,378,030.96 which means that the business was feasible to run. Internal rate of return on these instruments was 42.64%. Keywords : equipment design, mechanical pulper, coffee pulp

Decision Support System for Land Suitability in Percut Sei Tuan District Suci Hasti; Achwil Putra Munir; Lukman Adlin Harahap
Jurnal Rekayasa Pangan dan Pertanian Vol 1, No 4 (2013): Jurnal Rekayasa Pangan dan Pertanian
Publisher : Universitas Sumatera Utara

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Land use that is not according to his ability, besides causing damage to the land, will also increase the problem of poverty and other social problem, can even destroy a culture that had been evolving. Due to the problem of agricultural land and the farmer’s need for information and knowledge to determine the types of plants that is suitable to the characteristic’s of land, an information system is needed as a decision support system in order to determine the feasibility of land for planting a commodity. Decision Support System for Land Suitability in Percut Sei Tuan District was made using the right matching method. From the results, it was known that in Kenangan and Kenangan Baru land were not suitable for the five commodities to be planted based on history of planting in the area. However there were some areas with the level of 5 high main parameters, but do not guarantee that the land would produces well, based on the history of plant productivity that can be rely on by the surrounding community for several years. Keywords: decision support system, land suitability, matching methods

Study of Manning’s value and Constants in Some Tertiary Channels Condition at Namu Sira Sira Irrigation Networks Namu Ukur Utara Village Sei Bingai Subdistrict Langkat District Hisyam Pahlevi; Sumono Sumono; Lukman Adlin Harahap
Jurnal Rekayasa Pangan dan Pertanian Vol 2, No 4 (2014): Jurnal Rekayasa Pangan dan Pertanian
Publisher : Universitas Sumatera Utara

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Most of the tertiary irrigation in Namu Ukur Utara Village are land channels. This condition will affect the discharge and the water distribution efficiency for paddy field. The water distribution efficiency will be affected by water flow rate and channels condition, where both of this factor could be manifested through the Manning’s value and Chezy constant. This research was aimed to determine the Maning’s value and Chezy constant in 3 tertiary vegetated channels and trimmed channels at Namu Ukur Utara Village Namu Sira Sira Irrigation networks Langkat District. The Manning’s value coefficients for the three vegetated channels were 0,278; 0,268 and 0,185 and the Chezy constantwere 2,31; 2,48 and 3,63 respectively. While the Manning’s value coefficients for the trimmed channels were 0,247; 0,229 and 0,138 and the Chezy constant were 2,61; 2,90 and 4,66 respectively. Keyword : Chezy constant, Manning’s value coefficient, Tertiary Channels, Vegetation

The Study of Rice Potential Production on Namu Sira-Sira Irrigation Fields in Sei Bingai District Langkat Regency Tri Ayu Purnamasari; Sumono Sumono; Lukman Adlin Harahap
Jurnal Rekayasa Pangan dan Pertanian Vol 2, No 4 (2014): Jurnal Rekayasa Pangan dan Pertanian
Publisher : Universitas Sumatera Utara

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Langkat as one of rice centra region in North Sumatera need to be inspected on wet rice fields condition to hold out and increase production. The purpose of this research was to study the rice potential production on Namu Sira-Sira irrigation fields in Sei Bingai district Langkat regency in achieving the maximum level of rice production based on sun radiation level, time to grow rice, and rice variety. This research also studied the ratio between irrigation field and crops field, the ratio between technical irrigation and pre technical and conventional irrigation and realibility of existing irrigation networks. In the year of 2009-2013, the results indicated that the irrigation network realibility was good enough. The average ratio between irrigation field and crops field was 2,2, the average of ratio between technical irrigation and pre technical and conventional irrigation was 5,82 and the rice production target was 70,68%. Keyword : irrigation network, potential production, production target, rice

RANCANG BANGUN ALAT PENGUPAS KULIT TANDUK KOPI MEKANIS (Design and Construction of Coffee Bean Huller) Annisa Fatin Amran; Achwil Putra Munir; Lukman Adlin Harahap
Jurnal Rekayasa Pangan dan Pertanian Vol 5, No 1 (2017): Jurnal Rekayasa Pangan dan Pertanian
Publisher : Universitas Sumatera Utara

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ABSTRACT The hulling of coffee bean is one of important processes in affecting the quality of green beans before roasted and grinded. The purpose of this research was to design, build, test and analyze the economic value of coffee bean huller. The parameters observed were working capacity, percentage of broken bean, percentage of unpeeled bean, percentage of bean left in huller and economic analysis. Based on this research, it was summarized that the working capacity of the equipment was 29,411 kg/hour, the percentage of broken bean was 12,534 %, the percentage of unpeeled bean was 5,3 % and the percentage of bean left in huller was 0,7 %. Economic analysis was as follows: basic costs for the first to the fifth year was Rp 400,033/kg, Rp 401,118/kg, Rp 402,284/kg, Rp 403,538/kg and Rp 404,888/kg respectively. Break even point (BEP) for the first to the fifth year was 3745,768 kg, 3951,157 kg, 4172,021 kg, 4409,455 kg and 4664,963 kg respectively. Internal rate of return (IRR) was 46,47%. Keywords: coffee, huller, machine ABSTRAK Pengupasan kulit tanduk kopi merupakan salah satu proses yang penting dalam menentukan kualitas biji kopi sebelum disangrai dan digiling. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang, membuat, menguji serta menganalisis nilai ekonomis alat pengupas kulit tanduk kopi mekanis. Parameter yang diamati yaitu kapasitas kerja alat, persentase biji pecah, persentase biji tidak terkupas, persentase biji tertinggal di dalam alat dan analisis ekonomi. Dari hasil penelitian diperoleh kapasitas kerja alat sebesar 29,411 kg/jam, persentase biji pecah sebesar 12,534 %, persentase biji tidak terkupas 5,3 %, persentase biji tertinggal di dalam alat 0,7 %. Analisis ekonomi, biaya pokok untuk tahun pertama sampai tahun kelima berturut-turut yaitu Rp 400,033/kg, Rp 401,118/kg, Rp 402,284/kg, Rp 403,538/kg dan Rp 404,888/kg. Nilai titik impas (BEP) untuk tahun pertama sampai tahun kelima sebanyak 3745,768 kg, 3951,157 kg, 4172,021 kg, 4409,455 kg dan 4664,963 kg. Internal rate of return (IRR) sebesar 46,47 %. Kata kunci: kopi, alat pengupas, mesin

MODIFIKASI ALAT PENGUPAS SABUT KELAPA MEKANIS (Modification of Mechanical Coconut Fiber Peeler) Annisa Purnamasari Damanik; Achwil Putra Munir; Lukman Adlin Harahap
Jurnal Rekayasa Pangan dan Pertanian Vol 5, No 1 (2017): Jurnal Rekayasa Pangan dan Pertanian
Publisher : Universitas Sumatera Utara

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ABSTRACT Coconut plant is a plant of life, because all its parts can be utilized to meet human needs. This study was aimed to determine the effective capacity of Mechanical Coconut Fiber Peeler and its modification using human anthropometry. This research was conducted in August until Oktober 2015 in the Laboratory of Agricultural Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, University of North Sumatra, Medan, by literature study, testing equipment and parameters observation. Parameters measured were effective capacity and economic analisis. The results showed that the highest capacity after modification was 170,61 fruits/hour and the lowest capacity before modification was 145,45 fruits/hour. The highest main cost before modification in fifth year was Rp 166,652/fruit and the lowest main cost after modification in the first year was Rp 141,268/fruit. The highest BEP before modification in the fifth year was 6.366,248 fruits and the lowest after modification in the first year was 3.713,454 fruits. The highest NPV 7,5% after modification was Rp 256.177.017,22 and the lowest NPV 7,5% before modification was Rp 195.203.600,12. The highest IRR before modification was 55,06% and the lowerst IRR after modification was 48,61%. Key words: agricultural machinery, coconut fiber, peeler. ABSTRAK Tanaman kelapa merupakan tanaman kehidupan, karena keseluruhan bagiannya dapat dimanfaatkan manusia untuk memenuhi kebutuhannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan kapasitas efektif alat pengupas sabut kelapa mekanis dan memodifikasi alat pengupas sabut kelapa mekanis dengan analisis antropometri manusia. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Agustus hingga Oktober 2015 di Laboratorium Keteknikan Pertanian, Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan dengan cara studi literatur, pengujian alat dan pengamatan parameter. Parameter yang diamati adalah kapasitas efektif alat dan analisis ekonomi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kapasitas tertinggi pada alat setelah modifikasi yaitu 170,61 buah/jam dan kapasitas terendah terdapat pada alat sebelum modifikasi yaitu 145,45 buah/jam. Biaya pokok tertinggi pada alat sebelum modifikasi pada tahun kelima sebesar Rp 166,652/buah dan terendah pada alat setelah modifikasi pada tahun pertama sebesar Rp 141,268/buah. BEP tertinggi pada alat sebelum modifikasi pada tahun kelima sebesar 6.366,248 buah dan terendah pada alat setelah modifikasi pada tahun pertama sebesar 3.713,454 buah. NPV 7,5% tertinggi pada alat setelah modifikasi sebesar Rp 256.177.017,22 dan terendah pada alat sebelum modifikasi sebesar Rp 195.203.600,12. IRR tertinggi pada alat sebelum modifikasi sebesar 55,06% dan terendah pada alat setelah modifikasi sebesar 48,61%. Kata Kunci: alat dan mesin pertanian, sabut kelapa, pengupas

SISTEM PENDUKUNG KEPUTUSAN PENDUGAAN KEBUTUHAN RICE MILLING UNIT (RMU) STUDI KASUS DI KOTA PEMATANG SIANTAR (Decision Support System Of Rice Milling Unit (RMU) Estimation Needs Case Study in Pematangsiantar City) Albert Trimitra Siahaan; Lukman Adlin Harahap; Sulastri Panggabean
Jurnal Rekayasa Pangan dan Pertanian Vol 5, No 1 (2017): Jurnal Rekayasa Pangan dan Pertanian
Publisher : Universitas Sumatera Utara

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ABSTRACT The role of food commodity particularly rice in Indonesia was enormous since years ago, as rice is a basic foodstuff for the majority of Indonesian. Food needs of rice is never reduced, but increased from year to year, in accordance to population growth. The importance of this report was to estimate rice production by using Monte Carlo method, so rice milling unit needs can be predicted in the future. The result showed that the availability of rice milling unit was unable to meet the rice milling rate in Pematangsiantar City, therefore a number of rice milling unit should be added. Keywords: Rice, Monte Carlo, Rice Milling Unit ABSTRAK Sejak zaman dahulu peranan komoditi pangan di Indonesia khususnya beras sangatlah besar, sebab beras merupakan bahan pangan pokok bagi sebagian penduduk Indonesia. Kebutuhan bahan pangan akan beras tidak akan berkurang, melainkan akan terus meningkat dari tahun ke tahun seiring dengan pertambahan jumlah penduduk. Pentingnya penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menduga produksi padi dengan menggunakan metode Monte Carlo sehingga dapat dilakukan pendugaan kebutuhan rice milling unit untuk waktu yang akan datang. Dari hasil yang diperoleh, ketersediaan mesin penggiling padi tidak dapat memenuhi penggilingan padi di Kota Pematangsiantar, sehingga perlu diadakan pengadaan sejumlah mesin penggiling. Kata Kunci: Padi, Monte Carlo, Rice Milling Unit

UJI BERBAGAI DIAMETER PULI PADA ALAT PEMBUAT SARI KEDELAI (Pulley Diameter Test of Soybean Extractor) Muhammad Yusuf; Saipul Bahri Daulay; Lukman Adlin Harahap
Jurnal Rekayasa Pangan dan Pertanian Vol 5, No 1 (2017): Jurnal Rekayasa Pangan dan Pertanian
Publisher : Universitas Sumatera Utara

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ABSTRACT There have been many soybean extractor in the market, that have been developed by home industry or university studentThe capacity of soy bean extractor can be improved by testing their parts. This research was about testing pulley diameter of soybean extractor to improve its capacity. This research had been conducted by using factorial randomized block design with pulley diameters of 3, 4 and 5 inches. The observed parameter in this research was effective capacity of equipment, yield and percentage of materials left in appliance. The results showed that pulley diameter had highly significant effect on parcentage of process capacity and yield and had no effect on percentage of materials left in appliance. From this research it, can be concluded that the best pulley diameters was 3 inches. Keywords: soybean extractor, soybean extract, pulley diameter test. ABSTRAK Alat pembuat sari kedelai telah banyak dipasaran, baik itu yang dikembangkan oleh rumah industri atau yang dikembangkan oleh mahasiswa. Kapasitas alat pembuat sari kedelai dapat ditingkatkan dengan melakukan pengujian pada beberapa bagian alat. Penelitian ini adalah pengujian berbagai diameter puli pada alat pembuat sari kedelai yang diharapkan dapat meningkatkan kapasitas alat tersebut. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan model rancangan acak lengkap non faktorial dengan faktor diameter puli 3, 4 dan 5 inci. Pada penelitian ini, parameter yang diamati adalah kapasitas efektif alat, rendemen dan persentase bahan tertinggal di alat. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa diameter puli pada alat pembuat sari kedelai memberikan pengaruh berbeda sangat nyata terhadap kapasitas efektif alat dan rendemen dan memberikan pengaruh tidak berbeda nyata terhadap persentase bahan tertinggal. Dari hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan hasil terbaik adalah dengan menggunakan puli berdiameter 3 inci. Kata kunci: alat pembuat sari kedelai, sari kedelai, uji diameter puli.

KARAKTERISTIK KERTAS BERBAHAN BAKU KULIT DURIAN DAN SAMPAH KERTAS PERKANTORAN (Characteristics of Paper From Durian Rind and Office Waste Paper) Liztia Dwitami Adriani; Ainun Rohanah; Lukman Adlin Harahap
Jurnal Rekayasa Pangan dan Pertanian Vol 5, No 1 (2017): Jurnal Rekayasa Pangan dan Pertanian
Publisher : Universitas Sumatera Utara

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ABSTRACT Medan producess a lot of waste of durian rind every day. To reduce environmental pollution by the durian rind it takes an effort to overcome them; one of them is by manufacturing recycled paper from durian rind and office waste paper. This research was aimed to study the characteristics of paper made from the durian rind pulp and waste paper pulp. This research used a non factorial completely randomized design with durian rind composition of (0%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100%). Parameters observed were grammage, tensile strength, tear resistance, production cost, break-even point and net present value. The results showed that the composition of the durian rind gave highly significant effect on the grammage, tensile strength and tear resistance of the paper. The resulting paper can be categorized as an art paper with the best results obtained from the durian rind of 100% (200 g durian rind). The results showed that the cost to produce one sheet of paper was Rp 13.352,12, the break even point was 50,64sheets of paper/year, and the net present value was Rp 15.644.386,4/year. Keywords: durian rind, paper waste, pulp compsition, paper. ABSTRAK Kota Medan menghasilkan banyak limbah kulit durian setiap harinya. Untuk mengurangi pencemaran lingkungan oleh kulit durian tersebut maka dibutuhkan usaha untuk menanggulanginya, salah satunya dengan pembuatan kertas daur ulang dengan bahan baku limbah kulit durian dan sampah kertas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari karakteristik kertas yang dibuat dari pulp kulit durian dan pulp sampah kertas.Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap non faktorial yaitu komposisi kulit durian (0%, 25%, 50%, 75% dan 100%). Parameter yang diamati adalah gramatur, kekuatan tarik, ketahanan sobek, biaya produksi, break event point dan net present value. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa komposisi kulit durian memberikan pengaruh berbeda sangat nyata terhadap gramatur, kekuatan tarik dan ketahanan sobek kertas.Kertas yang dihasilkan dapat dikategorikan sebagai kertas seni dengan hasil terbaik diperoleh pada komposisi kulit durian 100% (200 g kulit durian). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan biaya untuk menghasilkan 1 lembar kertas adalah sebesar Rp 13.352,12, nilai break even point sebesar 50,64 lembar kertas/tahun, dan nilai net present value sebesar Rp 15.644.386,4/tahun. Kata kunci: kulit durian, sampah kertas, komposisi pulp, kertas.

PENENTUAN NILAI EVAPOTRANSPIRASI DAN KOEFISIEN TANAMAN BEBERAPA VARIETAS PADI UNGGUL DI RUMAH KACA FAKULTAS PERTANIAN UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA (Determination of Value of Evapotranspiration And Plant Coefficient of Some Rice of Varieties In the Faculty Indi Sajiwo; Sumono Sumono; Lukman Adlin Harahap
Jurnal Rekayasa Pangan dan Pertanian Vol 5, No 2 (2017): Jurnal Rekayasa Pangan dan Pertanian
Publisher : Universitas Sumatera Utara

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ABSTRACT The water requirement of rice crop include saturation, percolation, flooding and evapotranspiration. The amount ofevapotranspiration can be determined based on the value of potensial evaporation and the rice crop coefficient values for each period of growth. This study was aimed to assess the value of evapotranspiration and crop coefficient of Situ Bagendit, Ciherang and Makongga Varieties In Green house of Faculty of Agriculture, University of North Sumatra.The results showed that the value of the evapotranspiration of rice plants at Situ Bagendit, Ciherang and Makongga varieties were the vegetative phase of 1,68 mm/day, 1,68 mm/day and 1,69 mm/day respectively, at the reproductive phase were 1,83 mm/day, 1,72 mm/day and 1,76 mm/day respectively and the phase of ripening were 1,71 mm/day, 1,69 mm/day and 1,70 mm/day respectively. The plant coefficient ofSitu Bagendit, Ciherang and Makongga varieties at the vegetative phase were 1,20 mm/day,1,20 mm/day and 1,21 mm/day respectively, at the reproductive phase were 1,14 mm/day, 1,07 mm/day and 1,08 mm/day respectively and at the phase of ripening were 1,05 mm/day, 1,03 mm/day and 1,05 mm/day respectively. Ciherang variety had a value of grain production higher compared to Situ Bagendit and Makongga. The productivity ofrice of Situ Bagendit was 102,81 gram, Ciherang was 124,16 gram and Makongga was 94,48 gram respectively. Keywords: Evapotranspiration, Plant coefficient, Rice, High Yield Variety, greenhouse. ABSTRAK Kebutuhan air areal tanaman padi meliputi penjenuhan, perkolasi, penggenangan dan evapotranspirasi. Besarnya nilai evapotranspirasi dapat ditentukan berdasarkan nilai evaporasi potensial dan nilai koefisien tanaman padi untuk setiap periode pertumbuhannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan Evapotranspirasi dan Nilai Koefisien Tanaman Padi Situ Bagendit, Ciherang dan Makongga Di Rumah Kaca Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Sumatera Utara. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan besar nilai Evapotranspirasi tanaman padi pada varietas Situ Bagendit, Ciherang dan Makongga yaitu pada fase vegetatif 1,68 mm/hari, 1,68 mm/hari dan 1,69 mm/hari, fase reproduktif 1,83 mm/hari, 1,72 mm/hari dan 1,76 mm/hari, fase pemasakan 1,71 mm/hari, 1,69 mm/hari dan 1,70 mm/hari. Nilai koefisien tanaman padi pada varietas Situ Bagendit, Ciherang dan Makongga yaitu pada fase vegetatif 1,20 mm/hari, 1,20 mm/hari dan 1,21 mm/hari, fase reproduktif 1,14 mm/hari, 1,07 mm/hari dan 1,08 mm/hari, fase pemasakan 1,05 mm/hari, 1,03 mm/hari dan 1,05 mm/hari. Varietas Ciherang memiliki nilai produksi bulir padi yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan varietas Situ Bagendit dan Makongga. Produktivitas bulir padi untuk varietas Situ Bagendit 102,81 g, varietas Ciherang 125,16 g dan varietas Makongga 94,48 g. Kata kunci : Evapotranspirasi, Koefisien Tanaman, Tanaman Padi, Varietas Unggul, Rumah Kaca.

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