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Gambaran Patologis Hasil Autopsi Pada Leher Korban Homicidal Hanging Dan Suicidal Hanging Muhammad Ilham Dhiya Rakasiwi; Muhammad Taufik; Idham R. Dewantara; Yuli M. Shufiyani; Ade Firmansyah Sugiharto
Indonesian Journal of Legal and Forensic Sciences (IJLFS) Vol 11 No 2 (2021): Indonesian Journal of Legal and Forensic Sciences
Publisher : Penerbit, sejak 2012 : Asosiasi Ilmu Forensik Indonesia dan UPT Lab. Forensik Sain dan Kriminilogi - Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/IJLFS.2021.v11.i02.p04

Abstract

Gantung diri merupakan bentuk penyebab kematian di dunia. Gantung diri dapat terjadi karena bunuh diri, pembunuhan, kecelakaan atau hukuman. Telaah ini berfokus pada identifikasi jejas pada leher yang ditemukan pada kasus suicidal hanging dan homicidal hanging. Skirining literatur dilakukan pada 3 basis data Pubmed, Scopus dan Cochrane. Semua studi kasus dan laporan kasus berbahasa Inggris digunakan. Tidak ada batasan tahun. Setelah penelaahan kritis 10 laporan kasus homicidal hanging dan suicidal hanging, serta 7 studi kasus suicidal hanging. Telaah ini telah mengidentifikasi dan mensintesis bukti dari 17 studi homicidal hanging dan suicidal hanging. Jejas yang ditemukan berupa jejas jerat (jumlah, letak, arah), perdarahan otot, fraktur kartilago dan tanda kekerasan lain. Telaah ini dapat digunakan kalangan professional di bidang patologi forensik untuk memahami kasus homicidal hanging dan suicidal hanging, serta mengenalkan pentingnya studi literatur di bidang forensik.
Kombinasi Tetrahidrokurkumin dan Cyanidine-3-O-β-glucoside sebagai Terapi Fitokimia Asma Anak melalui Penghambatan IL-4Rα-STAT6 dan Sitokin Proinflamasi Afid Brilliana Putra; Muhammad Ilham Dhiya Rakasiwi; Ihya Fakhrurizal Amin
Jurnal Ilmu Kedokteran Vol 16, No 1 (2022): Jurnal Ilmu Kedokteran
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Riau

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26891/JIK.v16i1.2022.9-15

Abstract

Asthma is chronic inflammatory disease experienced mostly by children with prevalence of 4.5% in Indonesia. Asthma puts burden on sufferers because of the long duration of treatment. However, prolonged inhaled corticosteroids use in certain doses can cause side effects. Tetrahydrocurcumin (THC) is metabolite of curcumin and has higher bioavailability than its precursor molecules. THC has been shown to significantly reduce leukocyte infiltration, as well as inhibit inflammation through IL-4Rα pathway and decrease GATA3 expression. The same effect is obtained from Cyanidine-3-O-β-glucoside (Cy-3-g). The anti-inflammatory effect of those combination can be used as alternative phytochemical therapy to treat asthma in children.
Combining Photothermal Therapy with A Nanohybrid-Based Drug Delivery Strategy for Slow-Released Doxorubicin: A Treatment for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Muhammad Habiburrahman; Afid Brilliana Putra; Muhammad Ilham Dhiya Rakasiwi
Indonesian Journal of Cancer Vol 17, No 2 (2023): June
Publisher : http://dharmais.co.id/

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33371/ijoc.v17i2.964

Abstract

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fifth most common malignancy in the world. Surgical intervention remains the primary treatment option for resectable liver cancer. However, the low curative resection ratio, high metastatic ratio, and risk of recurrence make this treatment less than ideal. Additionally, the choice of liver transplantation is limited by the availability of donors. This literature review aimed to discuss the combination strategy of photothermal therapy and nanohybrid-based chemotherapy delivery, which are expected to address the challenges in HCC treatment. Methods: We conducted literature searches in Pubmed, Scopus, ProQuest, and Google Scholar using combined keywords such as “hepatocellular carcinoma”, “polyethylene glycol”, “doxorubicin”, “mesoporous silica”, “CuS”, “nanoparticle”, and “photothermal therapy”. Based on the assessment of validity and applicability aspects using modified Oxford CEBM (Center for Evidence-Based Management) and OHAT (Office of Health Assessment and Translation) checklist tools for preclinical studies, all the selected studies fulfilled the eligibility criteria. Results: Photothermal therapy promotes necrosis and apoptosis of HCC cells by ‘heating’ the cancer cells. Meanwhile, the chemotherapy agent doxorubicin, modified with mesoporous silica nanohybrids and encapsulated copper sulfate polyethylene glycol (PEG-DOX-MSN-CuS), enhances the efficiency and duration of drug circulation in the blood, reduces drug clearance, and minimizes retention by the reticuloendothelial system. By utilizing near-infrared light induction from photothermal therapy, doxorubicin can be slowly released, leading to significantly improved effectiveness. In vitro studies have demonstrated that this this combination strategy achieves over 90% HCC cell death at a chemotherapy concentration of 80 µg/mL, in conjunction with near-infrared light induction. The optimal release time for doxorubicin was recored at a concise 20 minutes. Conclusions: Given the numerous benefits associated with this combination of strategies, photothermal therapy using PEG-DOX-MSN-CuS holds significant expected to be a promising treatment for HCC.
Homicide by Hanging: a Comprehensive Review of Published Literature Oktavinda Safitry; Afid Brilliana Putra; Jatmiko Gustinanda; Muhammad Ilham Dhiya Rakasiwi
Indonesian Journal of Legal and Forensic Sciences (IJLFS) Vol 13 No 1 (2023): Indonesian Journal of Legal and Forensic Sciences
Publisher : Penerbit, sejak 2012 : Asosiasi Ilmu Forensik Indonesia dan UPT Lab. Forensik Sain dan Kriminilogi - Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/IJLFS.2023.v13.i01.p01

Abstract

Homicide by hanging is a rare incident and, in contrast to suicidal hanging cases, only limited number of homicidal hanging cases have been reported. This comprehensive review is conducted to summarize the published forensic pathology evidence in homicide by hanging. A systematic search in five journal databases resulted in 12 case reports. All articles passed the selection criteria and were appraised using JBI critical appraisal worksheet for case reports. Fourteen victims were reported which in most of the cases psychosocial background were reported. Household conflict was the common background. Reef knot was the majority knot being used. The autopsy findings vary in the studies, some of which reported intact larynx, thyroid, and hyoid cartilage. Only one case mentioned thyroid cartilage fracture. In addition to the ligature mark, other violence findings include bruises, abrasions, stab wounds, and sexual violence. Toxicological analysis was limited, only 3 case reports reported alcohol in the victim’s serum. There are no distinguishing features in the external or internal neck injuries attributable to homicidal hanging. A thorough autopsy and holistic approach should be considered. They are including demographic characteristics, location of the victim, social and psychiatric history, ligature’s characteristic, signs of violence and toxicological analysis.
Telemedicine for Monitoring Nutritional Intake in Malnourished Community-Dwelling Elderly: A Scoping Review of Clinical Trials Bryanna Infinita L. Saputro; Muhammad Ilham Dhiya Rakasiwi; Astrid Mariam KhairaniSiregar
Indonesian Journal of Human Nutrition Vol. 10 No. 1 (2023)
Publisher : Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitas Brawijaya Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.ijhn.2023.010.01.3

Abstract

Malnutrition is part of the geriatric giant and a major concern among community-dwelling elderly individuals. Improper intervention of this problem can have detrimental effects on the elderly. Monitoring nutritional intake plays a vital role in managing malnutrition. Telemedicine has been widely applied for managing chronic diseases and gained prominence during the COVID-19 pandemic as a remote health monitoring method. This scoping review aims to identify the advantages and limitations of implementing telemedicine for addressing malnutrition in community-dwelling elderly. This study reviewed the literature obtained through a systematic search of PubMed and ScienceDirect databases, supplemented by manual searches based on specific inclusion criteria.  Two randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing the application of telemedicine for malnutrition were identified. The forms of telemedicine used were telecare and set-top boxes on television. The interventions included nutritional monitoring and specific interventions for each patient. However, high patient dropout rates indicated low patient compliance. Nevertheless, the application of telemedicine demonstrated improved patient compliance with nutritional intake guidelines. Limitations of telemedicine implementation included low motivation, technological constraints, and physiological constraints. Telemedicine may be used as a tool for monitoring nutritional intake among malnourished geriatric populations.
Mortality Rates Of Adult Pulmonary Tuberculosis With Malnutrition: A Case Report And Comprehensive Literature Review Muhammad Ilham Dhiya Rakasiwi; Astrid Mariam Khairani Siregar; Brayanna Infinita Laviashna Saputro; Fathiyah Isbaniah; Lily Indriani Octovia
Journal of Agromedicine and Medical Sciences Vol 9 No 3 (2023)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19184/ams.v9i3.41523

Abstract

Tuberculosis (TB) and malnutrition are still major public health problems in the world. These two clinical conditions can occur simultaneously and create a vicious cycle that worsens TB infection or nutritional status. This case report aims to examine the relationship between low nutritional status (malnutrition) of patients and death due to pulmonary TB. A 31 year old woman came to the pulmonary clinic of a tertiary hospital in Jakarta for her third month of drug-sensitive anti-TB drug (OAT) treatment control. Three months earlier, the patient underwent a rapid diagnostic test (RDT) to determine OAT resistance. The conclusion of her anthropometric examination was body mass index (BMI) of 15.6 kg/m2. Before being diagnosed with pulmonary TB, she always had difficulty gaining weight. During the course of disease, her weight decreased by 5 kg per month. After undergoing treatment for 6 months, the patient was declared complete after 6 months of therapy, without any improvement in nutritional status. At 1 year follow-up, the patient experienced a relapse of pulmonary TB with a BMI of 13.2 kg/m2. She died 2 months after diagnosis of relapse TB. Improvement in clinical complaints and conversion to bacteriological examination are indications of successful therapy, including improvement in nutritional status. To analyze the relationship between malnutrition and pulmonary TB and death, the authors conducted a comprehensive literature search in the journal databases PubMed, Cochrane, and Scopus, followed by analysis according to the PRISMA 2020 flowchart, for a prognostic cohort study of cases of death in pulmonary TB patients with malnutrition. There is a relationship between BMI and the risk of death in TB patients. Anthropometric measurements, especially BMI, need to be carried out during every physical examination of pulmonary TB cases. Keywords: Body mass index; Malnutrition; Mortality; Tuberculosis
Comparison of Cyclosporine and Steroids in Treating Severe Allergic Conjunctivitis in Children: an Evidence-based Case Report Muhammad Ilham Dhiya Rakasiwi; Julie Dewi Barliana; Afid Brilliana Putra; Muhammad Imran Khan Ismail; Awliya Awliya; Gusti Candra Pamungkas; Nida Ghitha Aulia
Journal of Agromedicine and Medical Sciences Vol 10 No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19184/ams.v10i2.46062

Abstract

The efficacy of cyclosporine compared with corticosteroid in reducing symptoms and signs in children with severe allergic conjunctivitis, either in vernal keratoconjunctivitis or atopic keratoconjunctivitis, is still unknown. Here we present the case of an 8-year-old boy with a case of allergic keratoconjunctivitis. The patient had been given steroid eye drops (Dexamethasone 1 mg) for 2 weeks and only slight improvement was found. Considering the steroid’s long-term effects, the doctor prescribed cyclosporine eye drops. Therefore, this case study is conducted to compare the better efficacy between cyclosporine eye drops and steroid eye drops as a treatment for severe allergic conjunctivitis. After conducting a systematic literature analysis following the PRISMA guidelines, full-text analysis was carried out on two RCTs by assessing their validity, clinical importance, and applicability according to the Oxford CEBM criteria. One of the studies did not meet the validity criteria, while another study showed that cyclosporine eye drops that were given to patients with severe vernal keratoconjunctivitis could reduce signs and symptoms. There was no significant difference between cyclosporine eye drops and dexamethasone eye drops. Cyclosporine's function to reduce signs and symptoms of severe allergic conjunctivitis in children is equivalent to that of corticosteroids. Keywords: Cyclosporine, corticosteroid, severe allergic conjunctivitis, therapy
ASCORBIC ACID SUPPLEMENTATION FOR ADJUNCTIVE TREATMENT OF PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS: REVIEW OF LABORATORY RESEARCH AND CLINICAL TRIALS IN INDONESIA Rakasiwi, Muhammad Ilham Dhiya; Taufik, Muhammad; Aristyo, Kevin; Wandawa, Azlina D; Burhan, Erlina; Kurniawan, Gerry; Ferian, Muhammad Farel
Healthy Tadulako Journal (Jurnal Kesehatan Tadulako) Vol. 10 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Tadulako

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22487/htj.v10i2.1110

Abstract

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is a highly lethal global disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), which has affected approximately a quarter of the world's population. Ascorbic acid is acknowledged for its strong antioxidant properties, its ability to modulate the immune system, and its effectiveness against Mtb infections. Method: Literature search based on specific keywords following the PICO (Patient, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome) research question was carried out on Pubmed, Scopus and Google Scholar databases, as well as Garuda for clinical research in Indonesia. The flow of the literature search followed PRISMA and risk of bias analysis using the Rob2 tool. Discussion: Laboratory studies have shown that ascorbic acid, whether given by itself or in conjunction with standard anti-TB medications, can decrease the quantity of Mtb colony-forming units (CFU). Similar outcomes were witnessed in experiments conducted with mice. The administration of ascorbic acid to mice infected with Mtb also led to a reduction in lung tissue damage. Clinical trials carried out in Indonesia demonstrated that the addition of ascorbic acid resulted in a greater sputum conversion rate in comparison to patients who did not receive this supplementation. Conclusion: Ascorbic acid exhibits several clinical attributes that prove beneficial in the management of TB.
Differential White Blood Cell Count and COVID-19 Hospital Length of Stay: A Post-hoc Analysis Gustya, Gita Fajri; Nugraha, Darrin Ananda; Rakasiwi, Muhammad Ilham Dhiya; Azzumar, Farchan; Burhan, Erlina
International Journal of Integrated Health Sciences Vol 12, No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15850/ijihs.v12.n2.3915

Abstract

Objective: To explore the association between differential white blood cell count and hospital length of stay (LOS) in COVID-19 patients.Methods: This study is a post-hoc analysis of two prospective cohort studies involving hospitalized COVID-19 patients who received standard therapy, including antiviral and supportive treatments at Persahabatan Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia, during the Delta and Omicron dominant pandemic periods. Baseline differential white blood cell count before initiation of therapy were documented. LOS was categorized as ≤10 days and >10 days.Result: Data from 463 subjects were included with most subjects were males (62.2%) with a median age of 54 (14–93) years. The average LOS for subjects was 12.7 (12.1–13.4) days. Bivariate tests showed that lymphocytes, neutrophils, monocytes, neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and neutrophil-monocyte ratio (NMR) had significant association (p <0.05) to LOS. Logistic regression showed that higher monocyte counts were associated with shorter LOS (adjusted OR 0.89; 95% CI 0.840 - 0.943; p < 0.001). ROC curve showed that higher monocyte counts (>8.35 × 10^3/µL) at admission may predict shorter hospitalization (<10 days).Conclusion: Monocyte count may serve as a potential marker for length of stay in COVID-19 patients, offering key insights for optimizing patient management and resource allocation.