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All Journal Microbiology Indonesia Sonde (Sound of Dentistry)
SILVA ABRAHAM
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Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Dentistry Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology

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Insecticidal Activities of Ethyl Acetate Extract of Indonesian Mangrove Fungus Emericella nidulans BPPTCC 6038 on Spodoptera litura SILVA ABRAHAM; ADI BASUKRIADI; SUYANTO PAWIROHARSONO; WELLYZAR SJAMSURIDZAL
Microbiology Indonesia Vol. 9 No. 3 (2015): September 2015
Publisher : Indonesian Society for microbiology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (367.391 KB) | DOI: 10.5454/mi.9.3.1

Abstract

Mangrove fungi are known as sources of biological active compounds. The study and the report of secondary metabolites of mangrove fungi as insecticides is very limited in Indonesia. This study assess the insecticidal activities of ethyl acetate extract of Indonesian mangrove fungus Emericella nidulans BPPTCC 6038 against Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae) neonate larvae and pupae. The fungus E. nidulans BPPTCC 6038 was isolated from leaves of mangrove Rhizophora mucronata and identified based on ITS rDNA sequence data, with the GenBank accession number KP165435, and confirmed with morphological observation. This fungus strain was grown on malt extract broth for 14 days on rotary shaker at 65 rpm, and incubated at room temperature. Mortalities of S. litura were observed on larvae fed on artificial diet containing ethyl acetate extract of E. nidulans at concentrations of 625 – 5000 ppm. The lethal concentration of the extract which causes 50% mortality of larvae (LC50 value) was 1102.27 ppm. The other effects of fungus extract on S. litura were decrease in growth rate, longer larval period, inhibition on pupal development and absence in adult emergence. The HPLC analysis of extract showed that the crude extract contained three major compounds. This study provides evidence that the extract of E. nidulans possesses insecticidal activities against S. litura.
Aktivitas Hambatan Biofilm Larutan Irigasi Ekstrak Daun Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni Terhadap Candida albicans Sinta Deviyanti; Nurani Hayati; Silva Abraham
SONDE (Sound of Dentistry) Vol. 10 No. 1 (2025): SONDE (Sound of Dentistry)
Publisher : Maranatha Christian University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28932/sod.v10i1.10723

Abstract

Candida albicans merupakan jamur oportunistic yang sering dijumpai pada infeksi saluran akar gigi. Kemampuannya membentuk biofilm pada dentin dinding saluran akar gigi, menyebabkan peningkatan virulensi dan resistensinya terhadap NaOCL sebagai gold standard larutan irigasi. Ekstrak daun Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni diketahui bersifat antijamur terhadap Candida albicans, namun data penelitian aktivitas terhadap pembentukan biofilm Candida albicans sangat terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis aktivitas hambatan biofilm larutan irigasi ekstrak daun Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni terhadap jamur Candida albicans. Penelitian eksperimental laboratorium in vitro dengan post-test only with control group design. Serial dilusi dilakukan untuk menyiapkan ekstrak daun Stevia 100%,50%,25%,12,5%, 6,25%, 3,125% dan 1,56%, dengan larutan NaOCL 2,5% sebagai kontrol positif dan media Sabouraud Dextrose Broth (SDB) sebagai kontrol negatif. Metode crystal violet assay untuk menilai aktivitas hambatan biofilm melalui pengukuran nilai densitas optik (OD) pada panjang gelombang 490nm. Uji Kruskal-Wallis menunjukkan perbedaan signifikan (p=0.000) antara rata-rata nilai OD eksperimen. Uji Mann-Whitney U terdapat rata-rata nilai OD eksperimen seluruh larutan irigasi ekstrak daun Stevia lebih kecil signifikan dibandingkan kontrol negatif dan lebih besar signifikan dibandingkan kontrol positif (p<0,05). Larutan irigasi ekstrak daun Stevia menunjukkan rata-rata nilai persentase hambatan biofilm C.albicans berkisar 34,24%-69,70%, sedangkan kontrol positif sebesar 96,87%. Aktivitas hambatan biofilm larutan irigasi ekstrak daun Stevia konsentrasi 100%, 50%, 25%, 12,5%, 6,25%, 3,125% terhadap C.albicans lebih kecil signifikan dibandingkan NaOCL 2,5% namun lebih besar signifikan dibandingkan kontrol negatif dengan rata-rata persentase aktivitas hambatan biofilm sebesar 34,24%-69,70%.
Co-Authors Adi Basukriadi Deviyanti, Sinta Nurani Hayati Suyanto Pawiroharsono WELLYZAR SJAMSURIDZAL