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PENGUJIAN KEMAMPUAN ANTAGONISTIK KHAMIR Rhodotorula spp. ASAL KEBUN RAYA CIBODAS TERHADAP KAPANG DARI TANAMAN TOMAT TERINFEKSI DENGAN CO-CULTURE Anggita R Hafsari; Ariyanti Oetari; Andi Salamah; Wellyzar Sjamsuridzal
JURNAL ISTEK Vol 5, No 1-2 (2011): ISTEK
Publisher : JURNAL ISTEK

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Aspergilus ochraceu and A. terreus had been known as mould that causes significant loss to quality of tomatoes. One of potential methods to control the development of this mould by using the antagonistic activity of Rhodotorula sp. Six strains of Rhodotorula sp., UICC Y-318, UICC Y-325, UICC Y- 332, UICC Y-381, UICC Y-384, and UICC Y-386, which isolated from Cibodas Botanical Garden, West Java were observed for its antagonistic activity against mould A. ochraceu D1.2.2.2.SSM3 and A. terreus D2.2.MC. Co-culture method was used as 1.58 to 5.59 x 108 CFU/ml Rhodotorula sp. growth together with 7 x 107 CFU/ml A. ochraceus D1.2.2.2.SSM3 and 7.5 x 107 CFU/ml A. terreus D2.2.MC at PDB. Result showed that the highest percentage reduction of conidial heads and hyphal width was show by Rhodotorula sp. UICC Y-318 against A.ochraceus (9.45% and 12.43%; 7.10% and 7.51%, 2 and 3 day after incubation, respectively).

Molecular Identification and Diversity of Yeasts Associated with Apis cerana Foraging on Flowers of Jatropha integerrima ADI BASUKRIADI; WELLYZAR SJAMSURIDZAL; BANGGA BERISTAMA PUTRA
Microbiology Indonesia Vol. 4 No. 1 (2010): April 2010
Publisher : Indonesian Society for microbiology

There are only a few reports from tropical countries, and none from Indonesia, on yeasts associated with the Asiatic honeybee, Apis cerana. Here we report on yeasts associated with A. cerana foraging on flowers of Jatropha integerrima in the campus of the Universitas Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia. Yeasts were isolated from guts of 30 individual pollen-collecting bees (PCB) and nectar-collecting bees (NCB), and identified by their internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions of their rDNA sequences. Based on ITS regions sequence data, 14 representative yeast isolates obtained from A. cerana were found to be closely related to Aureobasidium pullulans, Dothioraceae sp., Candida cf. apicola, C. cf. azyma, C. cellae, Metschnikowia sp., Kodamaea ohmeri and Yarrowia lipolytica. Undescribed yeast of the genus of Metschnikowia was also discovered in this study. At present, we assume there is association between C. cf. apicola and species closely related to C. cellae with A. cerana. Yeasts species associated with PCB differ from those found in NCB, indicating that PCB and NCB possess different and specific yeasts communities. Some yeasts species isolated from A. cerana show a low degree of similarity to their closest related species. Our study sheds light on the detection of several new taxa of yeasts associated with A. cerana.

Identification and Phylogenetic Analysis of Bacterial Isolates from Litopenaeus vannamei Shrimp Culture System and Gut Environment Based on 16SrRNA Gene Sequence Data TUBAGUS HAERU RAHAYU; INDRAWATI GANDJAR; ETTY RIANI; IIN SITI DJUNAIDAH; WELLYZAR SJAMSURIDZAL
Microbiology Indonesia Vol. 3 No. 2 (2009): August 2009
Publisher : Indonesian Society for microbiology

Selected bacterial isolates from a Litopenaeus vannamei shrimp culture system and gut environment were assessed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing method to identify their identity and to construct their phylogenetic relationship. In a preliminary study, a total of 19 isolates were selected as probiotics. These isolates were prepared using freeze and heat-shock method to obtain the DNA template. PCR amplification of 16S ribosomal RNA gene of isolates was carried out using bacterial universal primers 9F and 1510R and was sequenced using an automated DNA sequencer. These gene sequences were compared with other gene sequences in the GenBank database (NCBI) using a BLAST search to find closely related sequences. Alignment of these sequences with sequences available from GenBank database was carried out to construct a phylogenetic tree for these bacteria. Most of the isolates obtained, i.e. 17 out of the 19 isolates, belonged to different species of Bacillus, sharing 95 to 99% 16S ribosomal RNA identity with the respective type-strain, whereas the remaining 2 isolates belonged to Micrococcus sp. and Micrococcus luteus with 97 to 99% 16S rRNA homology, consecutively.

Ecological and Taxonomical Perspective of Yeasts in Indonesia WELLYZAR SJAMSURIDZAL; ARIYANTI OETARI; ATIT KANTI; RASTI SARASWATI; CHIHARU NAKASHIMA; YANTYATI WIDYASTUTI; ANDO KATSUHIKO
Microbiology Indonesia Vol. 4 No. 2 (2010): August 2010
Publisher : Indonesian Society for microbiology

In the course of ecological and taxonomical study of yeasts in Indonesia, a total of 2147 yeast isolates from 315 samples in the year 2003, 2005, 2006, and 2008 had been obtained from eight locations e.g. Liwa (Sumatera), Cibinong (Java), Cibodas (Java), Kutai (Kalimantan), Enrekang (Sulawesi), Pucak (Sulawesi), Gili and Kuta (Lombok), and Kupang (Timor). Leaves, flowers, litters, soils, epiphytic soils, insects and insect's nests were collected for yeasts isolation. Our molecular identification based on D1/D2 region of nuclear large-subunit rDNA and the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions sequence data on 525 representative isolates revealed that 306 isolates belong to 48 described species (18 genera) and 209 strains belong to 19 undescribed species (19 genera), and 10 isolates were discarded because of contamination. Based on their substrates, litter had the highest yeasts genera (19) followed by soils (18), flowers (10), leaves (6), epiphytic soils (4), and insects and insect's nests (4). Genera found on soils were also common on litters. Yeasts genera found on flowers and epiphytic soils were common on leaves and litters. The genera Aureobasidium, Cryptococcus, Pseudozyma, Rhodotorula and Sporidiobolus were found in all substrates. Based on their locations, Kutai had the highest number of genera (15) followed by Cibodas (10), Cibinong (10), Enrekang (10), Kupang (10), Pucak (9), Liwa (7), and Lombok (7). The genus Cryptococcus was found in all locations. Our study shed a light to detection of many new taxa of yeasts, 41% of yeasts found in this study represented novel taxa.

Genetic Diversity of Osmophilic Yeasts Isolated from Indonesian Foods with High Concentration of Sugar . RIDAWATI; BETTY SRI LAKSMI JENIE; ITA DJUWITA; WELLYZAR SJAMSURIDZAL
Microbiology Indonesia Vol. 4 No. 3 (2010): December 2010
Publisher : Indonesian Society for microbiology

Isolation of osmophilic yeasts from a total of 70 samples consisting of jam, sweet condensed milk, honey, sweet soy sauce, and palm sugar was conducted. Sixty-eight osmophilic yeasts were isolated from strawberry jam, pineapple jam, and honey from South Sumatera. No yeast was obtained from condensed milk, honey from Sumbawa, sweet soy sauce, and palm sugar. Sequence analysis based on the ITS region showed that isolates were identified as five species belong to two genera, Candida and Sterigmatomyces. Those isolates were distributed in 5 species, C. metapsilosis, C. etchellsii, C. parapsilosis, C. orthopsilosis, and S. halophilus. C. etchellsii was the predominant species in South Sumatera honey, while C. parapsilosis group was predominant species in jams. Those species were reported as osmophilic yeasts. In both jams and honey we found C. parapsilosis and C. metapsilosis, whilst C. orthopsilosis was found only in pineapple jam. Phylogenetic analysis based on sequence of ITS region showed that most of the osmophilic yeasts (67 out of 68 isolates) were located in the phylum Ascomycota and only one isolate Sterigmatomyces halophilus NN38 from pineapple jam was located in the phylum Basidiomycota.

Bacterial Response after Exposure with Pure Metabolite Produced by Streptomyces sp. BL225 Isolated from Batanta Island's Leaf Litter ARIF NURKANTO; ANDRIA AGUSTA; WELLYZAR SJAMSURIDZAL; HEDDY JULISTIONO
Microbiology Indonesia Vol. 7 No. 1 (2013): March 2013
Publisher : Indonesian Society for microbiology

The objective of this research was to investigate bacterial response after treatment with active metabolite produced by Streptomyces sp. isolated from Batanta Island. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of four clinically tested bacteria (Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, and Micrococcus luteus) were successfully determined in this research using microdilution method. Leakages of nucleic acids and proteins from the tested microbes were detected using UV/VIS spectrophotometry method at 260 and 280 nm. Uracil leakage was analyzed using HPLC. Morphological changes of the bacterial cells were observed using scanning electron microscope (SEM). A Streptomyces isolate BL225 was identified based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence (1500 bp). When tested agains microbes, the MICs values of this compound were between 16-64 µg mL-1. The results indicated leakages of protein, nucleic acid and uracil from E. coli and B. subtilis cells after treatment with pure metabolite isolated from BL225. Treatment using metabolite from BL225 also caused morphological changes and damages of the target bacterial cell. BL225 had been identified as a strain that has closed relation to Streptomyces badius (98.9%).

Cryptococcus neoformans: Ekologi, Faktor Virulensi, Patogenesis dan Identifikasi Machrumnizar; Wellyzar Sjamsuridzal; Retno Wahyuningsih
Majalah Kedokteran UKI Vol. 32 No. 2 (2016): APRIL - JUNI
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Kristen Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33541/mkvol34iss2pp60

Abstrak Cryptococcus spp. merupakan khamir berkapsul tebal yang tersebar di seluruh dunia dan bertanggung jawab sebagai etiologi kriptokokosis pada manusia dengan predileksi utama di SSP. Jamur Basidiomycota ini menjadi patogen oportunistik pada manusia adalah C. neoformans dan C. gattii. Cryptococcus neoformans lebih banyak menginfeksi individu imunokompromi, sedangkan C. gattii menginfeksi individu imunokompeten. Habitat utama Cryptococcus spp. di lingkungan terutama pada kotoran burung merpati dan lapukan kayu di lubang pohon. Infeksi pada manusia terjadi melalui inhalasi basidiospora atau sel khamir kering yang tersebar di lingkungan. Penentuan spesies Cryptococcus dari lingkungan dapat dilakukan melalui pemeriksaan laboratorium secara konvensional dan molekular.Kata kunci: Cryptococcus spp., lingkungan Abstract Cryptococcus spp. is an encapsulated yeasts of world wild distribution and responsible as the etiology of cryptococcosis in humans which CNS is a primary predilection. Basidiomycota which is opportunistic pathogens in humans are C. neoformans and C. gattii. Cryptococcus neoformans commonly infects immunocompromised individual, whereas C. gattii usually infects immunocompetent persons. Natural habitat of Cryptococcus spp. in the environment, especially is pigeon droppings and decayed wood in the tree hollow. Humans infection occurs through inhalation of basidiospores or deccicated yeasts fram the environment. Cryptococcus spp. identificatian from the environment can be done through conventional and molecular laboratory tests. Keyword: Cryptococcus spp, environment

DETECTION OF ANTIMICROBIAL COMPOUNDS FROM THERMOPHILIC ACTINOMYCETES USING ONE STRAIN MANY COMPOUNDS (OSMAC) APPROACH Endah Wati Zahroh; Fitria Ningsih; Wellyzar Sjamsuridzal
BIOLINK (Jurnal Biologi Lingkungan Industri Kesehatan) Vol 9, No 1 (2022): August
Publisher : Universitas Medan Area

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31289/biolink.v9i1.6438

Actinomycetes are a group of filamentous bacteria with high biosynthetic potential that can produce secondary metabolites. Actinomycetes are known to produce secondary metabolites which are potential as antimicrobial, antitumor, and others. Actinomycetes can be found abundantly in diverse environments, including environments with extremely high temperatures such as hot springs, deserts, geothermal areas, and hydrothermal vents. They can survive in high temperatures due to their membrane lipids containing straight-chains and more saturated fatty acids that protect the membrane's fluidity to maintain membrane function. Thermophilic actinomycetes are potential producers of thermostable enzymes and bioactive compounds, which are important in the pharmaceutical, health, and industrial fields. Thermophilic actinomycetes are still less explored for novel metabolites and antimicrobial compounds due to the difficulty in isolation, maintenance, and preservation in pure culture. Novel bioactive compounds produced by actinomycetes are conventionally discovered by isolating potential strains and screening the compound bioactivity through various bioassays. A sequence-independent approach, termed the OSMAC (one strain many compounds), has been widely used in natural product research for activating cryptic biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) by modifying the growth conditions of a bacterial culture. This approach aims to optimize the number of secondary metabolites produced by one single microorganism. The application of the OSMAC method has been proven successful in revealing the biosynthetic potential of bacteria.

Molecular Identification of Cryptococcus neoformans Isolates from House Environments of HIV-Infected Patients in an Urban Area, Indonesia: A First Report Machrumnizar, Machrumnizar; Adawiyah, Robiatul; Natriana, Tjahjani; Imran, Darma; Muslim, Mohammad; Wellyzar, Sjamsuridzal; Wahyuningsih, Retno
Makara Journal of Science Vol. 26, No. 2
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Cryptococcus neoformans isolates were previously obtained from pigeon droppings in Jakarta. This study aimed to determine another source of infection and describe the supporting niche of the fungus. The occurrence of C. neoformans was evaluated in 110 samples of decaying wood and leaves, tree hollow debris, dust, and bird droppings. Yeasts isolates were collected from 22 houses of HIV-infected patients. The isolates were identified based on culture characteristics, an assimilation test, and URA5 restriction fragment length polymorphism polymerase chain reaction. The spatial analysis was conducted in geographical information system to determine dominant house and environmental factors. Seven of the 120 isolates (5.83%) were identified as C. neoformans, corresponding to four (18.2%) houses. All isolates were from house environments of HIV-infected patients with cryptococcal meningitis. Spearman’s correlation analysis and McNemar’s test revealed a significant association between cryptococcosis in HIV-infected patients and their environment. The clinical and environmental isolates were 100% identical based on molecular techniques, indicating that the patients acquired cryptococcosis from the environment. The spatial analysis revealed that house dust, soil, and leaves were the dominant distribution factors in terms of estimating disease prevalence. This study demonstrates that the house environment is a source of infection for cryptococcosis.

DETECTION OF ANTIMICROBIAL COMPOUNDS FROM THERMOPHILIC ACTINOMYCETES USING ONE STRAIN MANY COMPOUNDS (OSMAC) APPROACH Endah Wati Zahroh; Fitria Ningsih; Wellyzar Sjamsuridzal
BIOLINK (Jurnal Biologi Lingkungan Industri Kesehatan) Vol. 9 No. 1 (2022): August 2022
Publisher : Universitas Medan Area

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31289/biolink.v9i1.6438

Actinomycetes are a group of filamentous bacteria with high biosynthetic potential that can produce secondary metabolites. Actinomycetes are known to produce secondary metabolites which are potential as antimicrobial, antitumor, and others. Actinomycetes can be found abundantly in diverse environments, including environments with extremely high temperatures such as hot springs, deserts, geothermal areas, and hydrothermal vents. They can survive in high temperatures due to their membrane lipids containing straight-chains and more saturated fatty acids that protect the membrane's fluidity to maintain membrane function. Thermophilic actinomycetes are potential producers of thermostable enzymes and bioactive compounds, which are important in the pharmaceutical, health, and industrial fields. Thermophilic actinomycetes are still less explored for novel metabolites and antimicrobial compounds due to the difficulty in isolation, maintenance, and preservation in pure culture. Novel bioactive compounds produced by actinomycetes are conventionally discovered by isolating potential strains and screening the compound bioactivity through various bioassays. A sequence-independent approach, termed the OSMAC (one strain many compounds), has been widely used in natural product research for activating cryptic biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) by modifying the growth conditions of a bacterial culture. This approach aims to optimize the number of secondary metabolites produced by one single microorganism. The application of the OSMAC method has been proven successful in revealing the biosynthetic potential of bacteria.

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