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Journal : journal of embedded systems security and intelligent systems

Evaluating CNN Robustness for Face Mask Classification under Environmental Variations Bagaskara Ridho Vandio; Fatma Indriani; Andi Farmadi; Dodon Turianto Nugrahadi; Friska Abadi
Journal of Embedded Systems, Security and Intelligent Systems Vol 7 No 2 (2026): June 2026
Publisher : Program Studi Teknik Komputer

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59562/jessi.v7i2.2617

Abstract

Purpose – This study aims to analyze and compare the performance of ResNet50 and MobileNetV3 for multi-class face mask classification under various environmental conditions. Design/methods/approach – ResNet50 and MobileNetV3 are trained using transfer learning for three-class face mask classification and evaluated under normal conditions and environmental variations, including illumination changes, blur, low compression, and rotation. Findings – Experimental results show that ResNet50 achieves an accuracy of 94.32% under normal conditions, slightly outperforming MobileNetV3 at 94.10%. Under environmental variations, the largest performance degradation is observed under darkening and blur conditions, while low compression and rotation have relatively minor effects. ResNet50 demonstrates higher robustness across most perturbation settings, whereas MobileNetV3 provides competitive performance with substantially better computational efficiency. Research implications/limitations – This study is limited to a controlled evaluation using synthetic environmental perturbations on a single dataset and does not consider broader dataset diversity. Therefore, the findings should be interpreted within the evaluated experimental conditions. Originality/value – This study provides a comparative analysis of model robustness under controlled environmental perturbations, highlighting the trade-off between robustness and computational efficiency for face mask classification systems.
Performance and Training-Time Comparison of Five Pretrained CNN Architectures for South Kalimantan Food Image Classification Ahmad Balya Al Erpat; Dwi Kartini; Fatma Indriani; Andi Farmadi; Muliadi
Journal of Embedded Systems, Security and Intelligent Systems Vol 7 No 3 (2026): September 2026
Publisher : Program Studi Teknik Komputer

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59562/jessi.v7i3.13850

Abstract

Purpose - This study analyzes the classification performance and computational efficiency of five pretrained Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) architectures for identifying South Kalimantan traditional food images as an expanded benchmark. Design/methods/approach - The models were trained on a curated traditional food image dataset using a two-stage transfer learning strategy consisting of linear probing and full fine-tuning with frozen Batch Normalization, supported by a multi-technique data augmentation pipeline. Evaluation was conducted under a fixed stratified data-splitting scenario across repeated runs with different random seeds to assess model stability and reproducibility. Findings - EfficientNetV2B0 achieved the strongest overall performance among the evaluated architectures and provided the most favorable balance between classification accuracy and computational efficiency. Its performance was comparable to other high-performing CNN architectures while requiring substantially lower training time than deeper residual and hybrid networks. The results indicate that greater architectural complexity does not necessarily translate into better recognition performance for a relatively small traditional food image dataset. Research implications/limitations - The findings provide practical guidance for selecting efficient CNN architectures for traditional food recognition. However, the evaluation was conducted on a curated dataset under controlled conditions, and the absence of an ablation study prevents isolating the individual effects of data augmentation and two-stage fine-tuning. Originality/value - This expanded benchmark highlights the critical trade-off between reliable classification performance and computational cost, offering practical guidance for selecting efficient deep learning models to support the digital preservation of culinary heritage.
Co-Authors 3Irwan Budiman Abdilah, Muhammad Fariz Fata Abdullayev, Vugar Achmad Rizal Adi, Puput Dani Prasetyo Ahdyani, Annisa Salsabila Ahmad Bahroini Ahmad Balya Al Erpat Ahmad Faris Asy’arie Ahmad Faris Asy’arie Ahmad Juhdi Ahmad Rusadi Ahmad Rusadi Arrahimi - Universitas Lambung Mangkurat) Ahmad Rusadi Arrahimi - Universitas Lambung Mangkurat) Ahmad Tajali Akhmad Yusuf Ando Hamonangan Saragih Ardiansyah Sukma Wijaya Arif, Nuuruddin Hamid Arifin Hidayat Aris Pratama Azizah, Siti Roziana Bachtiar, Adam Mukharil Bagaskara Ridho Vandio Bahriddin Abapihi Bedy Purnama Deni Sutaji Dita Amara Djordi Hadibaya Dodon Turianto Nugrahadi Dwi Kartini Dwi Kartini Dwi Kartini, Dwi Dzira Naufia Jawza Efendi Mohtar Erdi, Muhammad Evi Nadya Prisilla Faisal Murtadho Fathul Hadi Fatma Indriani Fitria Agustina fitria Friska Abadi Ghinaya, Helma Gita Malinda Hertono, Rudy Heru Candra Kartika Heru Kartika Chandra I Gusti Ngurah Antaryama Irwan Budiman Irwan Budiman Jumadi Mabe Parenreng Junaidi, Ridha Fahmi Kamil, Hawariul Keswani, Ryan Rhiveldi Khairunnisa Khairunnisa Lisnawati M. Apriannur Miftahul Muhaemen Muhammad Alkaff Muhammad Halim Muhammad Itqan Mazdadi Muhammad Khairin Nahwan Muhammad Nadim Mubaarok Muhammad Reza Faisal, Muhammad Reza Muhammad Ridha Maulidi Muhammad Rusli Muliadi Muliadi Muliadi Muliadi Aziz Muliadi Muliadi muliadi muliadi Muliadi Muliadi Musyaffa, Muhammad Hafizh Mutiara Ayu Banjarsari Nafis Satul Khasanah Ngo, Luu Duc Noryasminda Nugraha, Muhammad Amir Nugrahadi, Dodon Nurcahyati, Ica Nurlatifah Amini P., Chandrasekaran Patrick Ringkuangan Pirjatullah Pirjatullah Pirjatullah Priyatama, Muhammad Abdhi Radityo Adi Nugroho Raidra Zeniananto Ramadhan, As'ary Rifki Izdihar Oktvian Abas Pullah Rifki Rizki, M. Alfi Rozaq, Hasri Akbar Awal Rudy Herteno Rusdiani, Husna Salsabila Anjani Saragih, Triando Hamonangan Sa’diah, Halimatus Setyo Wahyu Saputro Shalehah Suci Permata Sari Syahputra, Muhammad Reza Ulya, Azizatul Umar Ali Ahmad Wijaya Kusuma, Arizha Winda Agustina YILDIZ, Oktay