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All Journal Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Conservative Dentistry Journal Indonesian Journal of Dental Medicine

Sukaton, Sukaton

Faculty Of Dental Medicine, Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia

Author-ID : 3197357

Dentistry

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PERBEDAAN KHASIAT ANTIBAKTERI BAHAN IRIGASI LARUTAN PROPOLIS DAN SODIUM HYPOCHLORITE TERHADAP BAKTERI Streptococcus viridans Tabita Kusumawardhani; Sukaton Sukaton; Achmad Sudirman
Conservative Dentistry Journal Vol. 8 No. 1 (2018): January - June
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Background. Bacteria is main etiologycal factor of pulpo-periapical disease. Therefore, eliminating bacteria is the important part on root canal treatment. It can be obtained by using irrigation agent that has antibacterial effect and endodontic sterilization agent. Beside of its antibacterial effect, the ideal irrigation agent should has an ability to remove necrotic tissue and less toxic. Propolis is well known as a natural substain that has antibacterial effect and less toxicity. So, it has a potential use as irrigation agent compared with common root canal irrigation agent, sodium hypochloryte. Purpose. The aim of this study was to observed the difference of antibacterial effect between propolis solution and sodium hypochlorite. Method. Nine samples of Streptococcus viridans were prepared and each sample devided into three parts namely group P (propolis solution), group N (sodium hypochlorite), and control group S (saline). Each group was treated with 0,01 cc agent of root canal irrigation, then was stored in incubator 370C for 24 hours. After that, inhibition zone diameter of each group was observed.Result. The average of inhibition zone diameters in sodium hypochlorite’s group was 23,47 mm; in propolis solution’s group was 18,70 mm. There were significant difference of antibacterial effect between propolis solution and sodium hypochlorite, against Streptococcus viridans. Conclussion. Antibacterial effect of sodium hypochlorite is higher than propolis solution, but we should consider the potential use of natural agent-propolis solution as root canal irrigation due to its antibacterial effect.

The Difference of The Effects of Conventional Flowable Composite and Self-Adhering Flowable Composite on BHK-21 Fibroblast Cells Anuj Bhardwaj; S. Sukaton; Anggi Puspitasari; Widya Saraswati
Conservative Dentistry Journal Vol. 8 No. 2 (2018): July - December
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Background: One type of composite resin material on the market is flowable composites (FC) which has low viscosity, can be applied to areas with low stress or require good penetration such as pit and fissure sealants, restoration of class II, class III, and class V. Along with technology development, self-adhering flowable composite (SAFC) material has been developed which shorten the applications time because it combines etch, priming, and bonding in one system. The incomplete composite polymerization process can release residual monomers which affect pulp and gingiva The effects of composite materials can be seen from the viability of BHK-21 fibroblast cells after being exposed by these materials. Aims: Determine the viability of BHK-21 cells after being exposed to conventional flowable composite (CFC) and SAFC. Method: The research was in-vitro experimental laboratory with post-test only control group design. BHK-21 cell cultures were included in a 96-well microplate and divided into control group (N=16) and two treated groups (N=16). The treated group was given CFC and SAFC in a disk form with 5mm in diameter and 2,5mm in thickness, then incubated for 24 hours. MTT was given, the optical density value was read by ELISA reader and cell viability was calculated. Optical density data were analyzed using Tukey HSD to compare between groups. Results: The BHK-21 cells viabitlity of SAFC group is greater than the CFC, , indicated by the optical density SAFC (value=0.1233) and CFC (value=0.0936). Conclusion: The viability of BHK-21 cells exposed to SAFC is higher than that of CFC.

Antibacterial power effectiveness of calcium hydroxide and propolis mixture on Fusobacterium nucleatum bacteria ira Widjiastuti; S. Sukaton; Agnes Melinda Wong; Nanik Zubaidah
Conservative Dentistry Journal Vol. 9 No. 1 (2019): January - June
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Background: Calcium hydroxide is a root canal dressing material that is widely used in dentistry because of its ability to regenerate hard tissue and eliminate bacteria. According to Ferreira et al. (2015), Fusobacterium nucleatum was found in 90% of teeth that had a root canal treatment done using calcium hydroxide as an intracanal medication. Due to this shortcoming of the antibacterial power of calcium hydroxide, additional research on alternative ingredients that can be combined with calcium hydroxide to improve its antibacterial power is necessary. Propolis is a natural material that has high antibacterial power and has long been used in dentistry. The addition of propolis to calcium hydroxide is expected to improve the antibacterial power of calcium hydroxide without eliminating its function in terms of regenerating hard tissue. Purpose: To find out how effective is the antibacterial power of a combination of calcium hydroxide and propolis against Fusobacterium nucleatum. Methods: The research was carried out using 4 treatment groups consisting of 6 samples for each group. Group 1 is given a combination of calcium hydroxide and propolis with a ratio of 1:1, group 2 with a ratio of 1:1.5, group 3 with a ratio of 1:2, and group 4 is a positive control of calcium hydroxide and sterile aquadest suspension. Each sample was put into a test tube containing BHIB and a suspension of Fusobacterium nucleatum, incubated at 37ºC for 24 hours, and vortexed for 1 minute. A total of 0.1 ml of bacterial inoculum was taken from each sample and then put into the MHA and grown for 24 hours. The number of Fusobacterium nucleatum colonies grown on MHA was calculated and expressed using the Colony Forming Unit (CFU). Results: There were fewer colonies of Fusobacterium nucleatum in the treatment group compared to the control group. Conclusion: The combination of calcium hydroxide and propolis has an effective antibacterial power against Fusobacterium nucleatum which the ratio of 1:2 is more effective than ratio of 1:1,5 and 1:1.

Effect of Different Radiation Times on the Antibacterial Ability of Laser Diodes (650 nm) on Streptococcus mutans Sri Kunarti; S. Sukaton; Ajeng Hayyuning Citrasari
Conservative Dentistry Journal Vol. 9 No. 1 (2019): January - June
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Background: Streptococccus mutans is an acid-producing gram-positive bacterium that colonizes the tooth surface and causes damage to the hard tissue of the tooth. S. mutans is known as the main agent that causes caries. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) consisting of photosensitizers and a light source, such as a laser beam, is considered to have an antibacterial effect on S. mutans. However, the factors that influence the antibacterial effects of the lasers, such as the amount of energy, wavelength, use of photosensitizer, and the duration of radiation still need to be studied. Aim: To determine the effective time(duration) of 650 nm laser diode radiation as an antibacterial agent against S. mutans after 30, 45, 60, and 75 seconds of radiation. Method: 30 samples were divided into 6 groups; (1) S. mutans without methylene blue (MB) and laser, (2) S. mutans with MB, but without a laser, (3) S. mutans with MB and laser for 30 seconds, (4) 45 seconds, (5) 60 seconds, and (6) 75 seconds. After treatment, all samples were cultured and incubated for 48 hours then colony counts were carried out in each group. The results were analyzed using ANOVA and Tukey HSD Test with a p value of <0.05. Results: The ANOVA and Tukey HSD test showed a significant difference in each group. Conclusion: 650 nm laser diode radiation with a duration of 75 seconds is an effective time as an antibacterial against S. mutans compared to 30, 45 and 60 seconds.

The Number Of Lactobacillus acidophilus After Using Chlorhexidine 2%, Laser Diode (405 nm), And Combination Of Chlorhexidine 2% With Laser Diode (405 nm) Sri Kunarti; Sukaton Sukaton; Nadya Nathania
Conservative Dentistry Journal Vol. 9 No. 2 (2019): July - December
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Background: Lactobacillus acidophilus is gram-positive bacteria that produces acids from carbohydrates and causing dental caries. Caries treatment is done by the cavitation of teeth which is preceded by cavity disinfection. The purpose of cavity disinfection is to kill microorganisms and reduce the risk of new carious lesions. Bacterial elimination can be done using chlorhexidine and laser. Chlorhexidine is widely used for cleaning cavities but cannot remove biofilms, tissue debris and has limited elimination of bacteria in the dentinal tubules. Another way to eliminate bacteria is using Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) which consists of photosensitizer and laser. Until now there has not been a single ingredient that is considered to cleanse the cavity thoroughly. There has been no research yet that examine the number of Lactobacillus acidophilus after using chlorhexidine 2%, laser diode (405 nm), and combination of 2% chlorhexidine with laser diode (405 nm). Objective: To compare the decreasing number of living Lactobacillus acidophilus after using chlorhexidine 2%, laser diode (405 nm), and combination of chlorhexidine 2% with laser diode (405 nm). Methods: A total of 24 samples of Lactobacillus acidophilus were divided into 4 groups: (I) chlorhexidine 2%, (II) chlorophyll photosensitizer and 75 seconds irradiation, (III) combination of chlorhexidine2%, chlorophyll photosensitizer, and 75 seconds irradiation. After treatment, the sample was incubated 48 hours and the colony count was calculated for each group. Results of the analysis were carried out by ANOVA and Tukey HSD tests with p <0.05. Results: The average number of group colonies (I) was 35.33 CFU/ml, (II) 16.83 CFU/ml, (III) 9.5 CFU/ml, (IV) 123.33 CFU/ml. Conclusion: The combination of 2% chlorhexidine with diode laser (405 nm) gives the least amount of living Lactobacillus acidophilus bacteria compared with the administration of 2% chlorhexidine and laser diode (405 nm).

The Effect Of Self-Etch And Total-Etch Bonding Systems Application On Microleakage Of Bulkfill Flowable Composite Restoration In Carbonated Drink Immersion Widya Saraswati; Auryn Thania Song Hadinata; Sukaton Sukaton
Conservative Dentistry Journal Vol. 9 No. 2 (2019): July - December
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Background: Resin composite is more advanced today, but the marginal leakage still can not be avoided, for it takes the bonding system. Bonding system aims to provide a layer between a substrate and composite so it has a strong bond . The current latest bonding system is called universal bonding. It can be used with 2 techniques, both self etch and total etch. Universal bonding contains 10MDP so there’s no need for etching and priming. 10MDP results in better adhesion than previous bonding monomers generation. A total etch technique require a pre-etching step to remove smear layer so that it formed porous as a retentive sites. Purpose : Distinguish the marginal leakage of flowablebulkfill composite overlays with the application of total etch and self etch bonding systems accompanied by immersion of carbonated beverages . Method: Tooth samples were prepared to a depth of 2mm, then the bonding agent was applied directly to the cavity without etching (self etch), etched before the application of bonding agent (total etch ), directly loaded without pre-etching and bonding (control) . using a flowablebulkfill composite as a material restorative. All of the sample both total etch and self-etch soaked in Cola drinks for 5 minutes then repeated until 10 treatment each day (one day is assumed to be 12 hours) up to 7 days, followed by immersion in the methylene blue 0.5 % for 24 hours . Sample then splittedbuccolingual direction, leakage was assessed by scoring the edge trough the depth of methylene blue penetration. Result: Mann-Whitney Test showed a significant differences (P>0.05 ) each group . Conclusion: Marginal leakage of composite restoration with total etch technique and self etch technique is smaller than the control group, and the marginal leakage of composite restoration with total etch technique is smaller than that of self etch group .

The Difference of Irrigant Solution between Red Pine Extract (Pinus densiflora) and Green Pine Extract (Pinus merkusii) Against Cleanliness of Root Canal Walls Dian Agustin Wahjuningrum; Setyabudi Setyabudi; Sukaton Sukaton; Yuline Krishartini
Conservative Dentistry Journal Vol. 10 No. 2 (2020): July-December
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/cdj.v10i2.2020.62-65

Background: Smear layer is an accumulation of organic material, debris, and inorganic material in root canal wall. Irrigant solution must be able to eliminate organic and inorganic materials. Herbal extract such as pine contain saponins that can dissolve organic and inorganic materials. Korea is a country that has used pine in this case red pine as an antibacterial medicament. In Indonesia, there are also green pine species. Purpose: To explain the differences in cleanliness of the root canals after irrigation using extracts of red pine (Pinus densiflora) and green pine (Pinus merkusii). Methods: This study used twenty-seven mandibular premolar teeth which were divided into 3 groups each group consisted of 9 premolar teeth. All samples were prepared using ProTaper for Hand Use and irrigated. Group I was irrigated using 2.5% NaOCl, group II was irrigated with red pine extract, and group III was irrigated using green pine extract. Tooth that has been prepared, were cut vertically into 2 and cut horizontally in 1/3 apical section. The root canal surface was observed using a scanning electron microscope. Photomicrograph was observed by three observers using a score and performed an analysis test. Results: There were no difference between red pine (Pinus densiflora) and green pine (Pinus merkusii) in root canal cleanliness with a significance value of 0.169 (p> 0.05) Conclusion: Red pine extract had the same smear layer cleaning power as green pine extract.

Effectiveness of Sealer Combination Zinc Oxide (ZnO) with Red Pine (Pinus densiflora) on Viscosity and Solubility (Laboratory Experimental) Sukaton Sukaton; Latief Mooduto; Stheril Andani
Conservative Dentistry Journal Vol. 11 No. 1 (2021): January-June
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/cdj.v11i1.2021.6-10

Background: Failure of endodontic treatment is caused by 60% of poor obturation. Sealers have an important role in the obturation process, that is filling the root canals and the space between the dentin and the core material. Sealers must have low viscosity so that they can flow easily and fill the entire root canal space so can form a good seal and have physical properties that are not easily soluble to oral fluids to prevent sealer degradation which can cause gaps during filling and become a medium for bacterial proliferation. Red pine extract is a natural ingredient that contain flavonoid and phenolic acid that are effective in reducing the viscosity and solubility of the sealer combination ZnO with red pine. Purpose: To determine the effectiveness of sealer combination ZnO with red pine in reducing viscosity and solubility. Methods: Red pine (Pinus densilora) extract with a concentration of 100% was diluted to a concentration of 0.78% using the dilution formula M1.VI = M2.V2. Viscosity test was done by mixing ZnO with red pine extract 0.78% 1: 1 and calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) with 1: 1 sterile aquadest as a comparison, then each sample was measured for viscosity using a brookfield viscometer. The solubility test was carried out by placing the paste on a disc with a diameter of 15 mm x 3 mm and then being set and immersed in distilled water for 24 hours then the percentage of solubility was calculated. Results: The viscosity value of combination ZnO with red pine is 19.89 Pa.s and the solubility is 0.0075%, while Ca(OH)2 with sterile aquadest had a viscosity of 23.32 Pa.s and a solubility is 0.029%. Conclusion: The combination of ZnO with red pine is effective in reducing the viscosity and solubility of the combination sealer. The viscosity and solubility of the combined sealer is lower than Ca(OH)2 with sterile aquadest.

Benefit of Glycerine on Surface Hardness of Hybrid & Nanofill Resin Composite Ferriza Tri Mardianti; Sukaton Sukaton; Galih Sampoerno
Conservative Dentistry Journal Vol. 11 No. 1 (2021): January-June
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/cdj.v11i1.2021.28-31

Background: Composite resins restoration is a treatment for tooth structure loss due to pathological conditions. Longevity of composite resins restoration can be affected by surface hardness restoration. Glycerin can increase surface hardness restoration with inhibit bond oxygen and free radicals on polymerization composite resins. Purpose: Analyze the increase surface hardness composite resins restoration after glycerin application before light-curing composite resins. Review(s): Of the six journals included in this literature review, five journals reported significant differences because of the obstacles in the polymerization process of the composite resin when composite contact with light-curing will activate the photoinitiator to produce highly reactive free radicals, free radicals will break the double chain carbon bonds of monomers and form single bonds of free radicals with monomers. Bonding of free radicals with monomers will produce polymeric bonds (degree of conversion) which affects the level of surface hardness of the filling. While one journal noted no significant difference in the surface hardness of composite resin after glycerin application. Conclusion: The use of glycerin before light-curing can increase the surface hardness composite resin restorations.

Endodontic Flare-up Incidense in Irreversible Pulpitis in Universitas Airlangga Dental Hospital (RSKGMP Universitas Airlangga) Galih Sampoerno; Sukaton; Salwa Aulia Rahmawati
Conservative Dentistry Journal Vol. 12 No. 1 (2022): January-June
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/cdj.v12i1.2022.26-31

Background: Carious lesions that do not be treated, becomes infected and inflamed, leading to irreversible pulpitis. One of the treatments for irreversible pulpitis is root canal treatment. In root canal treatment can cause flare-ups. Purpose: Obtaining a data base on flare-ups with a diagnosis of irreversible pulpitis at RSKGMP and obtaining a picture of flare-ups in irreversible pulpitis based on root canal preparation techniques, root canal irrigation materials, root canal dressing materials, and root canal obturation techniques. Methods: The study used was a descriptive observational study with a study design cross sectional in patients with a diagnosis of irreversible pulpitis who had received root canal treatment at the UPF Dental Conservation RSKGMP University of Airlangga in 2018, 2019, and 2020. Results: A total of 14 patients (28%) of 50 patients experienced (flare-up). Conclusion: The incidence flare-ups of root canal treatment in irreversible pulpitis at RSKGMP University of Airlangga is 28%.

Co-Authors Achmad Sudirman Agnes Melinda Wong Ajeng Hayyuning Citrasari Almira, Amanila Hena Anggi Puspitasari Anuj Bhardwaj Auryn Thania Song Hadinata Belinda Belinda Meilani Perdana Putri Bernadus Daniel Dawailatur Rahman Setiady Deavita Dinari Dian Agustin Wahjuningrum Dur Muhammad Lashari Elisa Kusuma Wardani Eric Priyo Prasetyo Ferriza Tri Mardianti Galih Sampoerno Hendy Jaya Kurniawan Ira Widjiastuti Laksmi, Widyajeng Ayu Latief Mooduto, Latief Mandojo Rukmo Maya Safitri Meidi Kurnia Ariani Nadya Nathania Nanik Zubaidah Nirawati Pribadi Nurfahira Paidal Ongkowijoyo, Cendranata Wibawa Paramitha, Shafa Marwa Moza Rahmadanty Mustika Rosselle, Veronica Regina S. Sylvia Salma, , Adinda Fazzahra Salwa Aulia Rahmawati Santiaji, Daradhasih Bestari Setyabudi Setyabudi Setyabudi Sri Kunarti Stheril Andani Sukandar, Wilson Tabita Kusumawardhani Tamara Yuanita Ulfadi, Bakhiitah Thufallah Putri Uli Sasi Andari Widya Saraswati Yuline Krishartini

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