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EARTH HOUR DARI WWF SEBAGAI SIMBOL GLOBAL MOVEMENT TERHADAP PERUBAHAN IKLIM DUNIA OLEH INGO Kannaby, Ahmad Haibat; Saadah, Kholifatus
Global and Policy Journal of International Relations Vol 6, No 02 (2018)
Publisher : Universitas Pembangunan Nasional "Veteran" Jawa Timur

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33005/jgp.v6i02.1820

This paper focuses on the efforts of the International Non-Gorvernmental Organization (INGO) in overcoming the environmental problems exist in the world. Nowadays, the environmental aspect has received less attention from the state and International Governmental Organization (IGO), this happens because many restrictions owned by one country to other countries are sometimes different in addressing environmental problems. Countries also have different interests in harnessing energy that contributes to environmental damage such as fossil fuels and coal. Renewable energy is considered as expensive and unfavorable technology in terms of financial. The presence of INGO as international relations actor who sees that environmental and natural sustainability is something that is crucial and must be maintained properly, so INGO continuously takes the place in the programs which can create public awareness that the environment must be prioritized. Princen & Finger (1994) explains that there are three things that make INGOs can change the roles related to environmental problems, first is from the institution and the strength of the international structure to the process, the second is from education to strategic interaction, and the last is from the reactive function of INGO to INGO's transformative effects in the global political economy. Keywords: global movement, environment, energy, public awareness, INGODOI: https://doi.org/10.33005/jgp.v6i02.1820

Digital collaborative consumption and social issues: The clash of taxi and Uber driver in Surabaya and Taipei Kholifatus Saadah; Shafira Elnanda Yasmine; A. Safril Mubah
Masyarakat, Kebudayaan dan Politik Vol. 30 No. 4 (2017): Masyarakat, Kebudayaan dan Politik
Publisher : Faculty of Social and Political Science, Universitas Airlangga

Since the occurrence of application-based taxi, phenomenon and resistance have emerged in metropolitan cities around the world. One of the main issues highlighted is digital collaborative consumption which emerges as the consequences of globalization. As an interpretive case study research, this paper aims to analyze the use of Uber as an alternative to public transportation in Taipei and Surabaya. Authors discuss the issue by comparing the reaction toward the occurrence of Uber and Taipei and Surabaya. Authors apply the theory from Hegre, Gissinger, & Gledtisch (2002) about globalization and social conflict to explain social issues as the consequences of digital collaborative consumption as the new consumption model. According to the theory, globalization creates a deprivation which makes the struggle to access source of capital become more intense. Poverty is the main generator of radical action and violence. Analyzing the phenomena of Uber usage and the resistance from traditional taxi businessmen in Taipei and Surabaya, the authors argue that globalization reflected on digital collaborative consumption could lead to social unrest for parties who cannot adapt to the changes in economic practice. As shown by many cases of app-based rejection taxi in public places such as airport, train station and bus station; the traditionalists show resistance towards globalization and the economic shift of public transportation business model.

The Impact of Samsung Scandal in South Korean Corporate Culture: Is Corporate Governance Necessary? Kholifatus Saadah
Global Strategis Vol. 11 No. 2 (2017): Global Strategis
Publisher : Departemen Hubungan Internasional, Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik, Unair

As one of the world’s poorest countries in the world 30 years ago, South Korea proved its remarkable economic development. Within three decades, South Korea’s economic development shot up and attracted international attention. The economic strength in South Korea is supported by several global corporations such as Samsung, LG, Hyundai and others. The corporations have South Korea’s “ala” power, chaebol. Chaebol itself is similar to keiretsu in Japan, which global corporations are run by families and are hereditary. As time goes by, South Korea with its corporate culture does provide many advantages for South Korea as a whole, but this condition does not last forever. Not on the decline in revenues to South Korea’s economy, but the scandal of some global corporations in South Korea, especially Samsung raises new questions, should the South Korean Corporate culture be changed in the future? This question will be answered and explained in this paper. The author will explain through the history of the Korean corporate culture that is influenced by Confucianism, Samsung’s history to become a global corporate power for South Korea as well as an analysis of corporate governance on the economic situation in South Korea.

Fast Response and Overreact: Vietnam’s Success Story in Tackling COVID-19 Kholifatus Saadah
Global Strategis Vol. 14 No. 2 (2020): Global Strategis
Publisher : Departemen Hubungan Internasional, Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik, Unair

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jgs.14.2.2020.223-240

Pandemi COVID-19 yang mulai menyebar dari awal tahun 2020 sudah menjadi bencana nasional bagi beberapa negara. Virus yang pada awalnya bernama SARS-Cov-2 ini kemudian menyebar dari Wuhan, Cina ke seluruh dunia dan menyebabkan WHO mengumumkan status pandemi. Vietnam merupakan satu dari sekian negara di dunia yang dinyatakan berhasil mengatasi pandemi ini dengan melaporkan nol kasus dalam waktu 14 (empat belas) hari, mengurangi kondisi social-distancing, dan membuka kembali kegiatan masyarakat secara terbuka. Tulisan ini membahas mengenai respon Vietnam pada saat SARS-Cov2 ini mulai mewabah di Vietnam dan strategi dari Pemerintah Vietnam untuk menghentikan wabah di tingkat domestik. Vietnam berhasil menangani COVID-19 karena langkah awal yang, walaupun berlebihan, namun tepat sasaran. Selain itu, peranan identitas nasional Vietnam sebagai negara yang hebat dalam sejarah dan berhasil mengusir siapapun yang menganggu mereka, juga menjadi kunci keberhasilan kolaborasi masyarakat dan pemerintah dalam menghadapi pandemi tersebut. Keberhasilan Vietnam bisa menjadi contoh bagi negara lain yang sedang mencari solusi dan strategi yang tepat untuk menghadapi wabah COVID-19 ini. Kata-kata kunci: SARS-Cov-2, COVID-19, pandemi, Vietnam, strategi The COVID-19 pandemic, which began to spread from early 2020, has become a national disaster for several countries. The virus, initially named SARS-Cov-2, spread from Wuhan, China, to the rest of the world and made WHO declare it as a pandemic status. Vietnam is one of the countries that has been regarded as successful in overcoming this pandemic by reporting zero cases within 14 (fourteen) days, reducing social distancing orders, and re-opening public activities. This paper discussed Vietnam's response when SARS-Cov2 began to plague Vietnam and the government's strategy to control the pandemic at the domestic level. Vietnam succeeded in defeating COVID-19 because of, although excessive, effective initial responses. Also, as a heroic country in history and succeeded in expelling enemies, Vietnam's national identity is the key for successful collaboration between the community and the government in the pandemic counter. Vietnam's success is a model for other countries looking for the right solutions and strategies to deal with the COVID-19 outbreak.Keywords: SARS-Cov-2, COVID-19, pandemic, Vietnam, strategy

Triads and The Abilities of Transnational Organized Crime to Prevail Kholifatus Saadah
Global Strategis Vol. 15 No. 1 (2021): Global Strategis
Publisher : Departemen Hubungan Internasional, Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik, Unair

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jgs.15.1.2021.127-148

AbstrakTransnational Organized Crime (TOC) adalah bentuk luas dari organisasi kejahatan yang dibentuk oleh sekelompok orang di wilayah tertentu. Dengan adanya globalisasi, perkembangan dari sebuah TOC bisa melewati batas-batas negara dan bahkan balik mengancam entitas dari negara tersebut. Satu hal yang membedakan TOC dengan organisasi kejahatan yang lain adalah struktur dan pola aktivitasnya yang rapi, seperti organisasi transnasional pada umumnya. Salah satu TOC yang melegenda sampai dengansekarang adalah kelompok mafa dari Cina, Triad. Sebagai organisasi kejahatan yang berumur panjang, berdiri sejak Dinasti Qing pada 1760-an, Triad memiliki banyak cabang yang tersebar di wilayah dengan populasi etnis Cina yang besar selain Cina sendiri seperti Taiwan, Hongkong, Singapura, Amerika Serikat dan Inggris. Melalui tulisan ini, penulis berusaha menjelaskan mengenai perkembangan Triad dari yang awalnya kelompok mafa menjadi kelompok yang memiliki tujuan bisnis seperti korporasi. Langgengnya kekuatan Triad sebagai sebuah organisasi kejahatan disebabkan juga banyaknya celah, baik diinstitusi domestik maupun institusi internasional. Celah tersebut dimanfaatkan secara baik oleh TOC untuk terus-menerus beraktivitas sampai sekarang.Kata-Kata Kunci: Organisasi Kejahatan Transnasional, TRIAD, Globalisasi, Mafia, KorporasiTransnational Organized Crime (TOC) is a widespread form of criminal organization formed by a group of people in a particular region. Because of globalization, the development of a TOC can cross the borders of the country and even turn against the entity of the state.One thing that distinguishes TOC from other crime organizations is, its neat structure and pattern of activities, such as transnational organizations in general. One of the legendary TOCs is the mafa group from China, Triad. As a long-lived crime organization, establishedsince the Qing Dynasty in the 1760s, Triad has many branchess cattered in areas with large Chinese ethnic populations other than China itself such as Taiwan, Hong Kong, Singapore, the United States and Britain. Through this paper, I’ll try to explain the development of the Triads, from a group that was originally a mafa to a group that has business objectives like a corporation. The lasting power of the Triads as a criminal organization is supported by the gap which happened in domestic and international institution. This gap is used properly by TOC to continue their activities until now.Keywords: Transnational Organized Crime, TRIAD, Globalization, Mafa, Corporation

State’s Repression toward INGO: the Dismissal of Médecins Sans Frontieres from Ethiopia Kholifatus Saadah; Aqbil Faza Dyarsa
WIMAYA Vol 3 No 01 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Pembangunan Nasional "Veteran" Jawa Timur

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33005/wimaya.v3i01.65

The primary purpose of humanitarian-based INGOs is to provide and distribute assistance to those who could not get it. One of the INGOs engaged in this field and is quite successful in the international constellation is Medecins Sans Frontieres, often called Doctors without Borders. Humanitarian INGOs generally have a noble mission and have no mission to engage in the host country's political dynamics. However, the noble mission became a boomerang when MSF became one of the INGOs who worked to save the famine in Ethiopia. MSF has a noble mission, but the Ethiopian government has another mission that aggravates the condition of hunger in Ethiopia. As INGOs sought to be neutral, MSF decided to remain silent and take no steps relating to the political constellation of one of the world's poorest countries. Things got worse when MSF realized that one of their programs was being misused by the government to blackmail the guerrilla groups in the north. MSF could no longer remain silent and objected to any Ethiopian government policy related to them, resulting in the dismissal of all MSF members from Ethiopia at the end of 1986. This paper will explain the weak position of NGOs toward state, the main reason of the dismissal. The authors will be using the qualitative method by explaining the history about MSF and NGOs in the perspective of state which resulted the justification of the weak position of NGOs itself.

Kedaulatan Negara dalam Kepemilikan Data Digital: Analisis Langkah Strategis Australia Menghadapi Facebook dan Google Arief Bakhtiar Darmawan; Kholifatus Saadah; I Putu Arya Aditia Utama
Jurnal Hubungan Internasional Vol. 16 No. 1 (2023): JURNAL HUBUNGAN INTERNASIONAL
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jhi.v16i1.38971

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kedaulatan negara dalam ruang siber dengan mengambil studi kasus perselisihan antara Australia dengan Facebook dan Google. Sejak kemunculannya sebagai aktor global pada dekade 1970-an, pertumbuhan perusahaan multinasional yang sangat pesat membuat para akademisi berargumen tentang peran negara yang terus berkurang dalam hubungan internasional. Kemajuan digital saat ini pun tidak lepas dari peran perusahaan multinasional. Tapi penelitian ini membuktikan pengamatan itu tidak sepenuhnya benar. Aktor negara masih memiliki kekuatan dan kedaulatan yang kuat ketika berhadapan dengan perusahaan multinasional raksasa. Penulis berargumen bahwa hal itu mungkin terjadi karena selain keberadaan state sovereignty yang berpengaruh terhadap besarnya kedaulatan negara, terdapat konsep cyber sovereignty yang memungkinkan negara untuk memiliki peran besar dalam era digital. Dalam menganalisis masalah, penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif melalui empat tahapan proses analisis data, yaitu pengumpulan data, reduksi data, presentasi data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemerintah Australia merasa bahwa Facebook dan Google harus membayar konten-konten berita mengenai Australia karena hal itu merupakan hak negara sebagai pemilik data. Kedaulatan siber yang dimiliki negara memungkinkan adanya pengaturan model bisnis pembagian keuntungan yang lebih merata. Keywords: kedaulatan negara, kedaulatan siber, kekuataan siber, ruang siber

Talking about Ideal Civil-Military Relationship: Comparation Cases between Military in Indonesia and India in Dealing with Covid-19 Pandemic Taju, Atalia Eureka Putri; Saadah, Kholifatus
Journal of International Relations on Energy Affairs Vol 2 No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Department of International Relations Universitas Pertamina

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51413/jisea.Vol2.Iss2.2021.165-178

The relationship between civil and military has many dimensions, and this relationship may be ideal. This article uses Huntington and Feaver's preferences to explain the ideal civil-military relationship in India and Indonesia through case studies of handling the COVID-19 pandemic. The choice of the two countries was due to Indonesia and India showing the dynamics of the relationship between civilians and the military from being quite harsh to be ideal. The ideal civil-military relationship can be described as a military subject to civilian control. However, this does not mean that the civilian government has total power over the military; Instead, the control in question illustrates that the military is a professional institution and is ready to protect its citizens. Civilians no longer see the military as being in the position of who will guard the guardian, but how to control your guardian so that there is no escalation of conflict or coups between the military and civilians. Through these ideal civil and military relations, the military-assisted handling of the pandemic has yielded satisfactory results for both countries.

State’s Repression toward INGO: The Dismissal of Médecins Sans Frontieres from Ethiopia Saadah, Kholifatus; Dyarsa, Aqbil Faza
WIMAYA Vol. 3 No. 01 (2022)
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS PEMBANGUNAN NASIONAL VETERAN JAWA TIMUR

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33005/wimaya.v3i01.65

The primary purpose of humanitarian-based INGOs is to provide and distribute assistance to those who could not get it. One of the INGOs engaged in this field and is quite successful in the international constellation is Medecins Sans Frontieres, often called Doctors without Borders. Humanitarian INGOs generally have a noble mission and have no mission to engage in the host country's political dynamics. However, the noble mission became a boomerang when MSF became one of the INGOs who worked to save the famine in Ethiopia. MSF has a noble mission, but the Ethiopian government has another mission that aggravates the condition of hunger in Ethiopia. As INGOs sought to be neutral, MSF decided to remain silent and take no steps relating to the political constellation of one of the world's poorest countries. Things got worse when MSF realized that one of their programs was being misused by the government to blackmail the guerrilla groups in the north. MSF could no longer remain silent and objected to any Ethiopian government policy related to them, resulting in the dismissal of all MSF members from Ethiopia at the end of 1986. This paper will explain the weak position of NGOs toward state, the main reason of the dismissal. The authors will be using the qualitative method by explaining the history about MSF and NGOs in the perspective of state which resulted the justification of the weak position of NGOs itself.

Candlelight Vigil dan Light-stick sebagai Repertoire of Contention dalam Demonstrasi di Korea Selatan tahun 2024 Saadah, Kholifatus
Jurnal Hubungan Internasional Vol. 18 No. 1 (2025): JURNAL HUBUNGAN INTERNASIONAL
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jhi.v18i1.68775

Masyarakat sipil memiliki peranan yang cukup penting dalam demokrasi. Per anan tersebut dapat dilihat dalam menjaga demokrasi dengan melihat akunta bilitas pemerintah dan menemukan hal-hal yang tidak tepat pada sistem yang berjalan. Salah satu negara dengan masyarakat sipil yang melakukan fungsi tersebut adalah Korea Selatan. Baru-baru ini, masyarakat Korea Selatan mel akukan protes besar-besaran kepada presiden terakhir mereka, Yoon Suk-yeol di tahun 2024, dan berakhir pada pemakzulan oleh Parlemen Nasional. Protes yang dilakukan oleh masyarakat Korea Selatan memiliki karakter damai, tan pa pemimpin dan penggunaan repertoire of contention, termasuk candlelight vigil dan yang terbaru, penggunaan light-stick. Protes yang dilakukan oleh masyarakat Korea Selatan tidak muncul begitu saja. Belajar dari sejarah seper ti Gwangju Uprising pada tahun 1980an, repertoire tersebut menggabungkan aspek budaya dan elemen generasi untuk memobilisasi partisipan dengan ma sif, dengan tetap mempertahankan prinsip nirkekerasan. Tulisan ini mengana lisis gerakan sosial yang dilakukan oleh masyarakat Korea Selatan melalui pen dekatan gerakan sosial oleh masyarakat sipil, menekankan pada adaptasi dan resonansi dari repertoire agar tetap relevan pada masa sekarang. Kata Kunci: Gerakan Sosial; Repertoire of Contention; Korea Selatan; Yoon Suk-yeol; Masyarakat Sipil.

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