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Properties of Recycled Polyethylene Terephthalate (rPET)/Stearic Acid/Green Mussel Shell (GMS) Composite Ariani, Desi Budi; Nisa, Khadijah Sayyidatun; Aryanti, Fitria Ika; Hanifati, Ghina Sabrina
Jurnal Rekayasa Kimia & Lingkungan Vol 20, No 1 (2025): Jurnal Rekayasa Kimia & Lingkungan (June, 2025)
Publisher : Chemical Engineering Department, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23955/rkl.v20i1.45134

The increasing accumulation of plastic waste, particularly polyethylene terephthalate (PET), presents significant environmental challenges. This study explores the incorporation of green mussel shell (GMS) as a bio-filler in recycled polyethylene terephthalate (rPET) composites to promote sustainability and circular economy practices. rPET/SA/GMS composites were fabricated using injection molding, with GMS compositions of 0%, 5%, 10%, and 15% and a fixed 1% stearic acid (SA) content as a coupling agent. The effects of GMS on thermal, mechanical, rheological, and morphology properties were analyzed using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), universal testing machine (UTM), melt flow index (MFI) testing, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results indicate that 10% GMS exhibited the highest melting temperature (249.5C) due to enhanced interfacial interactions, despite a decrease in crystallinity. However, tensile strength decreased significantly at 5% GMS (8.52 MPa) due to weak interfacial bonding, whereas 10% GMS (12.91 MPa) showed slight improvement due to better SA-assisted dispersion. Rheological analysis revealed the highest melt flow rate (162.87 g/10 min) at 5% GMS, but higher GMS concentrations reduced flowability due to increased CaCO content and filler agglomeration. Morphological analysis confirmed that GMS addition increased surface roughness, induced void formation, and disrupted stress transfer, weakening composite integrity. These findings highlight the potential of GMS as a functional bio-filler in rPET composites, emphasizing the need for optimized filler concentration and interfacial modifications to develop sustainable high-performance materials.

Pengaruh Penambahan Bio-filler Serbuk Pelepah Pisang pada Sifat Termal, Reologi, dan Mekanik Komposit Termoplastik Berbasis Polipropilena Nisa, Khadijah Sayyidatun; Aryanti, Fitria Ika; Wedian, Ariya
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol. 14 No. 2 (2025): Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU
Publisher : Talenta Publisher (Universitas Sumatera Utara)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/jtk.v14i2.20963

This study examines the effect of banana stem powder (SPP) addition on the thermal, rheological, and mechanical properties of polypropylene (PP) composites with the addition of stearic acid. The composites were made with variations of PP:SPP of 100:0%, 98:2%, 96:4%, and 94:6% by weight. Differential Scanning Calorimetry testing showed the highest melting temperature of 165.4°C at 4% SPP, while the highest crystallinity of 42.64% was obtained at 2% SPP. The highest flow rate was obtained at 2% SPP of 8.83 g/10 min, and there was a decrease in the flow rate at 4% and 6% SPP. The tensile strength test results showed a decrease, from 30.10 MPa in pure PP to 23.40 MPa at 2% SPP. The results indicate that SPP can improve the thermal and rheological properties of the composite within certain limits, but excessive addition decreases the mechanical strength.

Pengaruh Penambahan Bio-filler Serbuk Pelepah Pisang pada Sifat Termal, Reologi, dan Mekanik Komposit Termoplastik Berbasis Polipropilena Nisa, Khadijah Sayyidatun; Aryanti, Fitria Ika; Wedian, Ariya
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol. 14 No. 2 (2025): Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU
Publisher : Talenta Publisher (Universitas Sumatera Utara)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/jtk.v14i2.20963

This study examines the effect of banana stem powder (SPP) addition on the thermal, rheological, and mechanical properties of polypropylene (PP) composites with the addition of stearic acid. The composites were made with variations of PP:SPP of 100:0%, 98:2%, 96:4%, and 94:6% by weight. Differential Scanning Calorimetry testing showed the highest melting temperature of 165.4°C at 4% SPP, while the highest crystallinity of 42.64% was obtained at 2% SPP. The highest flow rate was obtained at 2% SPP of 8.83 g/10 min, and there was a decrease in the flow rate at 4% and 6% SPP. The tensile strength test results showed a decrease, from 30.10 MPa in pure PP to 23.40 MPa at 2% SPP. The results indicate that SPP can improve the thermal and rheological properties of the composite within certain limits, but excessive addition decreases the mechanical strength.

CHARACTERIZATION OF MECHANICAL, THERMAL, AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF POLYPROPYLENE COMPOSITES WITH RICE HUSK FILLER USING COUPLING AGENT MALEIC ANHYDRIDE Santoso, Teguh Budi; Aryanti, Fitria Ika; Sitanggang, Theresia Debby Aprilia
Jurnal Teknologi Kimia Unimal Vol. 12 No. 2 (2023): Jurnal Teknologi Kimia Unimal - Nopember 2023
Publisher : Chemical Engineering Universitas Malikussaleh

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29103/jtku.v12i2.13223

Polypropylene is a thermoplastic that is widely applied in various automotive industries. Polypropylene is used as a matrix in composite manufacturing because it has the advantages of ease of processing, corrosion resistance, mechanical stiffness, low density, and affordable prices. The advantages of organic fillers (rice husk) are environmentally friendly, low density, and renewable. However, there is a weakness of polypropylene composites using rice husk filler, namely the lack of compatibility between the Polypropylene matrix which is hydrophobic while the filler (rice husk) is hydrophilic, to increase the bond between the matrix and filler can be done by adding a coupling agent. Based on this description, it is necessary to study the effect of the addition of maleic anhydride composition on the manufacture of polypropylene composites with rice husk filler because it can be used as an alternative in reducing agricultural waste. The addition of maleic anhydride in this study is expected to increase the bond compatibility between polypropylene and rice husk to improve the mechanical properties and crystallinity of the resulting polymer composite. The variation of this research is the composition variation (weight %) of polypropylene, rice husk, and maleic anhydride of 80:20:0, 80:18:2, 80:17:3, 80:15:5. The method used in this research is using a twin-screw extruder tool with a temperature of 190°C and then testing mechanical properties using tensile tests, thermal properties using Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), and physical properties using density kits. The results showed that the mechanical properties and thermal properties of the composite increased and decreased along with the variation of maleic anhydride addition, with the highest value obtained in the variation of polypropylene, rice husk, and maleic anhydride = 80:17:3 with a tensile strength value of 10.117 MPa and a crystallinity value of 27.39%. The average density obtained for all MA additions is 0.9970 g/cm3.

Analisis Gugus Fungsi dan Sifat Termal Limbah Jaring Ikan Untuk Produk Otomotif Aryanti, Fitria Ika; Silvia, Silvia; Santoso, Teguh Budi; Romaro, Alana Lovin
Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Kimia Vol. 8 No. 2 (2024): JURNAL ILMIAH TEKNIK KIMIA
Publisher : Program Studi Teknik Kimia, Universitas Pamulang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32493/jitk.v8i2.37885

Plastic has been used in daily life due to its durability. Fishing net waste is a type of plastic waste that is dangerous. Fishing net waste can also damage marine biota, such as coral reefs and marine animals. One type of polyamide that is widely used is nylon. Fishing net waste containing nylon has the potential to be recycled. In this research, fishing net waste is used for automotive product applications using a twin-screw extruder. There are five variations: pure polyamide (PA), recycled polyamide (rPA), PA-rPA 50:50, PA-rPA 75:25, and PA-rPA 25:75. To be able to determine the characteristics of the mixed product, several tests were carried out, including testing the thermal properties of the final product with DSC and FTIR testing to identify functional groups. Based on the research results, it was found that all variations contained polyamide polymers, which were characterized by a melting temperature of 218.8â€“224.4 °C and obtained carbonyl functional groups (C=O) and secondary amine functional groups (Nâ€“H) in the FTIR test results, which indicated the presence of amide bonds in the samples.

Studi Regenerasi Silika Gel Biru dan Putih sebagai Adsorben Etanol-Air untuk Mendukung Pengembangan Biofuel di Industri Polimer dan Otomotif Ansyari, Muhammad Fadhillah; Aryanti, Fitria Ika; Salsabila, Tasya
Jurnal Teknologi Vol. 12 No. 2 (2025): Jurnal Teknologi
Publisher : Universitas Jayabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31479/jtek.v12i2.315

Abstrak Bioetanol adalah sumber energi terbarukan yang menjanjikan karena dapat diproduksi dari bahan yang kaya karbohidrat dan limbah alam yang murah serta mudah didapatkan. Teknologi pemisahan campuran etanol-air meliputi distilasi lanjutan, pervaporasi, dan adsorpsi. Adsorpsi efektif untuk memurnikan bioetanol dengan biaya yang efisien dan menghasilkan kemurnian yang tinggi. Silika gel sebagai adsorben merupakan salah satu bentuk silika yang diperoleh dari proses penggumpalan sol natrium silikat (NaSiO2). Permukaan silika mengandung gugus-gugus SiOH dan SiOSi yang bersifat polar. Penelitian ini mengkaji efek regenerasi adsorben pada pemurnian campuran etanol-air menggunakan adsorpsi kontinu pada unggun tetap. Adsorben silika gel diregenerasi dengan pemanasan oven pada suhu 115°C hingga 130°C. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah memperoleh data rasio konsentrasi etanol yang keluar dan masuk ke dalam kolom, yang kemudian ditampilkan dalam kurva breakthrough. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa adsorben silika gel yang diregenerasi memiliki waktu efektif dan penetrasi lebih cepat dibandingkan silika gel baru. Konsentrasi etanol untuk silika gel biru pada konsentrasi awal 50% adalah 62,50%, dan pada konsentrasi awal 10% adalah 26,50%. Hasil ini lebih baik dibandingkan silika gel putih yang menghasilkan konsentrasi 62,10% pada konsentrasi awal 50% dan 23,50% pada konsentrasi awal 10%. Keywords : Adsorption, bioethanol, ethanol-water, regeneration, silica-gel

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