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The Reform of the Indonesian Competition Law to Anticipate ASEAN Economic Community Siswanto, Ari -; Hutajulu, Marihot Janpieter
PADJADJARAN Jurnal Ilmu Hukum (Journal of Law) Vol 5, No 2 (2018): PADJADJARAN JURNAL ILMU HUKUM (JOURNAL OF LAW)
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Padjadjaran University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (349.331 KB)

AbstractThis paper discusses the need to reform the Indonesian Competition Law (the Law Number 5 of 1999) due to the implementation of the ASEAN Economic Community (AEC), which undoubtedly influences the business condition in Indonesia. This study is expected to provide input for the revision of the Law Number 5 of 1999 by identifying the weaknesses of the current law. Accordingly, this paper aims to analyze the aspects of Indonesian Competition Law that are need to be reformed to ensure its capability in anticipating and regulating business competition after the implementation of AEC. This study found that the degree of the implementation of the Indonesian Competition Law is particularly specified in Article 1(e), which elucidates that the business actors to which the competition law applies are those who are âdidirikan dan berkedudukan dalam wilayah hukum Republik Indonesiaâ (established and domiciled within the jurisdiction of the Republic of Indonesia) or âmelakukan kegiatan dalam wilayah hukum negara Republik Indonesiaâ (to conduct activities within the territory of the Republic of Indonesia). The phrase âdalam wilayah hukum Republik Indonesiaâ (within the jurisdiction of the Republic of Indonesia) contained in Article 1(e) clearly indicates that the application of Indonesian Competition Law still relies heavily on the principle of territoriality. Therefore, the Indonesian Competition Law cannot reach business actors who are established, or are domiciled, or do conduct activities outside Indonesia, although they perform actions that affect the condition of business competition in Indonesia. Therefore, the Indonesian Competition Law needs to be reformed to enable its extra-territorial implementation based on the âeffects doctrineâ justifying the application of national law to any foreign business actors that causes the disruption of fair business competition conditions at the domestic level.AbstrakTulisan ini membahas tentang perlunya reformasi dalam Hukum Persaingan usaha Indonesia (UU No. 5 tahun 1999) berkenaan dengan pemberlakuan Masyarakat Ekonomi ASEAN (MEA) yang niscaya mempengaruhi kondisi persaingan usaha di Indonesia. Kajian ini diharapkan bisa memberikan masukan bagi upaya merevisi UU No. 5 Tahun 1999 dengan cara mengidentifikasi kelemahan-kelemahan yang ada di dalam Hukum Persaingan Usaha Indonesia dan perlu diperbaiki agar bisa mengantisipasi dan mengatur persaingan usaha yang dimunculkan oleh MEA. Studi ini mengemukakan bahwa cakupan keberlakuan Hukum Persaingan Usaha Indonesia terutama ditentukan dalam Pasal 1(e) UU No. 5 Tahun 1999 yang menjelaskan bahwa pelaku usaha yang dimaksud adalah pelaku usaha yang âdidirikan dan berkedudukan dalam wilayah hukum Republik Indonesiaâ atau âmelakukan kegiatan dalam wilayah hukum negara Republik Indonesia.â Frasa âdalam wilayah hukum Republik Indonesiaâ yang ada dalam Pasal 1(e) tersebut secara jelas menunjukkan bahwa penerapan Hukum Persaingan Usaha Indonesia masih sangat bergantung pada prinsip teritorialitas. Dengan begitu, Hukum Persaingan Usaha Indonesia tidak bisa menjangkau pelaku usaha yang didirikan di luar Indonesia, berkedudukan di luar Indonesia dan melakukan kegiatan di luar Indonesia, meski pelaku usaha itu melakukan tindakan yang berdampak pada kondisi persaingan usaha di Indonesia. Oleh sebab itu, Hukum Persaingan usaha Indonesia harus diperbaiki sedemikian rupa sehingga memungkinkan diterapkannya âdoktrin efekâ yang membenarkan penerapan hukum nasional terhadap pelaku usaha asing yang mengganggu kondisi persaingan sehat pada aras domestik.DOI: https://doi.org/10.22304/pjih.v5n2.a3

REVITALIZATION OF ADAT LAW AS AN INSTRUMENT OF SOCIAL ENGINEERING IN CENTRAL SUMBA Umbu Rauta; Ari Siswanto
Jurnal Dinamika Hukum Vol 18, No 3 (2018)
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.jdh.2018.18.3.2177

This study focuses on the use of adat law as an instrument to influence the community’s behaviors in Central Sumba, particularly those concerning the performance of traditional ceremonies. Since the social cost required to perform the ceremonies could be very high and has been regarded as one of the impetus that drives poverty in the society, there was a demand to change the practice which is regarded as a reflection of wasteful lifestyle. The main issue discussed in this study is whether adat law could be used as a tool of social engineering to change the unwanted wasteful lifestyle. This study revealed that since adat norms are still strongly held in the community, adat law could be used as an instrument to change behaviors. Social engineering measures were taken by utilizing adat law to change the prodigal behavior in the form of the declaration of the Three Moral Move-ments. Keywords: adat law, Central Sumba, social engineering, traditional rites

Health Issues in The WTO Dispute Concerning Importation of Chicken Meat and Products between Indonesia and Brazil Ari Siswanto
Jurnal Magister Hukum Udayana (Udayana Master Law Journal) Vol 9 No 2 (2020)
Publisher : University of Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/JMHU.2020.v09.i02.p01

Article XX(b) of GATT justifies countries to adopt and apply trade measures to protect human health. It means that as long as the elements specified in Article XX(b) are satisfied, certain trade measures which infringe GATT rules and principles are permitted. Unfortunately, the rise of new protectionism and the unclear meaning of elements contained in Article XX(b) has likely attracted countries to use Article XX(b) as a pretext for enforcing protectionist trade measures. This research aims to address the meaning of elements of "necessary to protect human life or health" and "arbitrary or unjustifiable discrimination” as contained in Article XX(b) of GATT. It also provides an examination of how the elements have been interpreted and considered in the recent DS484 dispute involving Indonesia and Brazil over Indonesia’s trade measures concerning importation of chicken meat and product. This research, which is a normative legal research, adopted legal documents as the primary materials to be analyzed qualitatively. As the results, this research found that the element "necessary to protect human life or health" will likely be considered legitimate in a trade policy if the applying country can demonstrate the existence of health risks, take necessary measures to reduce these risks and there are no other alternative policies available that are more friendly towards international trade. As to the more subjective element of "arbitrary or unjustifiable discrimination", it can be concluded from the case examined that the principle of good faith had not yet been proportionally considered.

E-GOVERNMENT DALAM PENYELENGGARAAN PEMERINTAHAN DAERAH DI INDONESIA Titon Slamet Kurnia; Umbu Rauta; Arie Siswanto
Masalah-Masalah Hukum Vol 46, No 2 (2017): MASALAH-MASALAH HUKUM
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Diponegoro

Tulisan ini hendak mengkaji pemanfaatan E-Government (Electronic Government) dalam penyelenggaraan pemerintahan daerah di Indonesia dengan menggunakan perspektif yuridis. berupa pengaturan yang sudah ada pada tingkat nasional atau pusat serta saran tindak bagi daerah dalam rangka mengimplementasikan E-Government, terutama pijakan awalnya berupa suatu kerangka hukum (legal framework). Tulisan ini merupakan penelitian hukum dengan menggunakan pendekatan teoretis-konseptual (conceptual approach) dan pendekatan perundang-undangan (statute approach).

GOVERNMENT-OWNED ENTERPRISES (GOEs) IN INDONESIA’S COMPETITION LAW AND PRACTICE Arie Siswanto; Marihot Janpieter Hutajulu
Yustisia Vol 8, No 1: April 2019
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/yustisia.v8i1.21740

In the competition law discourse, one of the controversial issues is the position of Government-Owned Enterprises (GOEs). There are basically two main views regarding the status of GOEs in the competition law. First, GOEs should be granted privileges, even excluded from the scope of business competition law. Secondly, since GOEs are basically businesses and competitors to private enterprises, GOEs must also be subject to competition law. This paper discusses the status of GOEs in Indonesia’s competition law, both in the context of normative framework and in the implementation of competition law provisions. For this purpose, this paper examine the rules of competition law governing the GOEs and analyze some cases of alleged violations of competition law examined by the KPPU as the Indonesian competition authority. This study found that basically Indonesia’s competition law follows the so-called “competitive neutrality” principle in which the law treat both GOEs and private enterprises in equal manner. However, at the practical domain, the cases studied indicates that monopolistic or dominant position held by GOEs may be abused to favor subsidiaries which are in direct, head to head competition, with private enterprises.

Telaah Teoretis dan Yuridis Tukar Menukar Barang Milik Daerah dengan Swasta umbu rauta; Titon Slamet Kurnia; Arie Siswanto
Jurnal Hukum IUS QUIA IUSTUM Vol. 24 No. 2: APRIL 2017
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum Universitas Islam Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20885/iustum.vol24.iss2.art4

This studyÂ brought upÂ the problems,Â first, the theoretical foundation of the exchange of regionalÂ ownedÂ property (BMD) between local government and private parties.Â Second, the laws and regulations governing the exchange activities of BMD.Â Third, basic considerationsÂ in relationÂ to the exchange of BMD. The type of the research was normative research. The results concluded that, first, theoretically, the government (local government) can doÂ contractualizationÂ of governmentaffairs because this has become a practice (habit) in the government. The contractualisation includes exchange agreements with non-governmental parties that involve assets(land)thatare under government control (BMD). Second, juridically, the regulational basis forÂ the exchange agreementÂ servingÂ as the basis for the right to transfer the assets (land) under government control (BMD) can be found in the legislation.Â InÂ doingÂ such actions,Â terms and conditions of legislation shall apply as the basis of the validity of the actionsÂ which includesÂ theÂ aspects of authority, substance and procedure.Â Third,Â another thing that determinesÂ the feasibility of government action in exchanging BMD (in the form of land) is the aspect of benefit (doelmatigheid).

PENGADILAN HIBRIDA (HYBRID COURT) SEBAGAI ALTERNATIF PENANGANAN KEJAHATAN INTERNASIONAL Arie Siswanto
Refleksi Hukum: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Vol 10 No 1 (2016): Jurnal Refleksi Hukum
Publisher : Universitas Kristen Satya Wacana

AbstrakSejak akhir Perang Dunia II, masyarakat internasional menyaksikan meningkatnya upaya serius untuk menanggulangi kejahatan internasional. Selain pengadilan pidana nasional dan mahkamah internasional murni, forum yang baru-baru ini digunakan untuk menangani kejahatan internasional adalah pengadilan hibrida yang telah dibentuk di beberapa negara seperti Kamboja, Sierra Leone dan Timor-Leste. Pengadilan hibrida tersebut dibentuk dengan latar belakang politik berbeda-beda, tetapi sebagai institusi yuridis, pembentukannya seyogianya didasarkan pada instrumen yuridis. Artikel ini mengidentifikasi ada tiga pola dalam pembentukan pengadilan hibrida, yaitu: pembentukan pengadilan hibrida atas dasar perjanjian antara PBB dan negara terkait, pembentukan pengadilan hibrida oleh PBB atau pemerintahan internasional dan pembentukan pengadilan hibrida oleh suatu negara yang kemudian memperoleh dukungan masyarakat internasional.AbstractSince the end of World War II, the international community witnessed the increasingly serious efforts to deal with the international crimes. Besides the domestic criminal courts and purely international tribunals, the forum that is also recently used to handle international crimes is the hybrid courts that have been established in several places such as in Cambodia, Sierra Leone and Timor-Leste. Hybrid courts are established from different political backgrounds, but as a legal institution, its establishment was necessarily based on legal instruments. This paper identifies that there are three patterns in the formation of hybrid court, which are: the establishment of a hybrid court based on an agreement between the UN and the relevant state, the establishment of a hybrid court by the UN or international administration and the establishment of a hybrid court by a country which later gains greater international support.

TIGA GERAKAN MORAL SEBAGAI HUKUM ADAT MASYARAKAT SUMBA TENGAH Umbu Rauta; Indirani Wauran; Arie Siswanto; Dyah Hapsari Prananingrum
Refleksi Hukum: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Vol 1 No 2 (2017): Refleksi Hukum: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum
Publisher : Universitas Kristen Satya Wacana

Artikel ini mendeskripsikan bahwa Tiga Gerakan Moral (Gerakan Kembali ke Kebun, Gerakan Hidup Hemat dan Gerakan Desa Aman) yang dicanangkan oleh PemerintahDaerah bersama komponen-komponen masyarakat adat di Kabupaten Sumba Tengah merupakan hukum adat. Tiga Gerakan Moral sebagai hukum adat didasarkan pada pemenuhan unsur-unsur hukum adat yaitu adanya kaidah, masyarakat, sanksi, dan penegak sanksi. Selain itu, artikel ini juga memberikan argumentasi bahwa TigaGerakan Moral sejatinya bertujuan mencapai atau mewujudkan kesejahteraan bagi masyarakat Sumba Tengah. Hal ini disebabkan karena melalui Tiga Gerakan Moral,Pemerintah bersama masyarakat bermaksud menyelesaikan persoalan mendasar yang ada yaitu kecenderungan mengabaikan penggarapan lahan kebun, kecenderunganmenafsirkan nilai budaya secara kurang tepat sehingga bermuara pada gaya hidup hedonistik, serta gangguan keamanan yang masih cukup tinggi.This article argues that the Three Moral Movements (Back to Field Movement, the Safe Village Movement and the Frugal Lifestyle Movement) launched by the local government and prominent figures of traditional community in Central Sumba Regency meets the qualification of customary law. The categorization of the Three Moral Movements as customary law is based on the fact that the movements consist of customary norms, have been implemented among the traditional community members, and equipped with sanctions as well as the law enforcement elements. Additionally, this article also argues that the Three Moral Movements aims to achieve prosperity for the people of Central Sumba. This is because through the Three Moral Movements, the Government along with the community intends to resolve the existing fundamental problems, which are the tendency of ignoring the cultivation of idle fields, the tendency to mistakenly interpret cultural values that leads to a hedonistic lifestyle, as well as significant security issues.

PENDEKATAN DAN STRATEGI NEGOSIASI DALAM NORMALISASI HUBUNGAN DIPLOMATIK AMERIKA SERIKAT - KUBA Arie Siswanto
Refleksi Hukum: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Vol 2 No 1 (2017): Refleksi Hukum: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum
Publisher : Universitas Kristen Satya Wacana

The prolonged dispute originated from the Cold War era between the United States and Cuba has not been completely resolved yet, even after the two countries have re-established diplomatic ties. This paper discusses the factors affecting the on-going international negotiations between the US and Cuba, which include both constrainings as well as supporting factors, based on two aspects of negotiation, namely approach, and negotiation techniques. Based on the profile of the dispute, it is argued that integrative approach is the most appropriate approach to resolve disputes between the two countries. Meanwhile, future oriented process and emphasis on mutual interests are negotiation techniques that should be elaborated by both disputing parties in order to settle their dispute progressively.

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