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The Relationship between Vitamin D and Autism Spectrum Disorder Budi Kristianto; Nining Febriyana; Royke Tony Kalalo
Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol. 5 No. 12 (2021): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine & Translational Research
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32539/bsm.v5i12.430

The tendency for autism spectrum disorders or also known as Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is increasing globally, even becoming 1 per 54 in 2016. Until now, the cause of autism is not known for certain, ASD is considered to be a combination of genetic and environmental factors. One of the environmental factors in this case is related to nutrition, one of which is vitamin D. Vitamin D deficiency is often found among children with ASD. Several studies have shown that vitamin D is involved in various brain bioprocesses including neuromodulation and nerve transmission and brain function while also influencing inflammatory processes, autoimmune disorders, oxidative stress and also neurotransmitters that are widely associated with the possibility of ASD. This review aims to describe vitamin D deficiency may contribute to ASD disorders. Based on this, in the future, it is necessary to consider when treating patients with ASD to consider the need to check the patient's vitamin D levels and if there is a deficiency it can be advised to sunbathe and or be given additional vitamin D intake.

Hubungan Antara Pola Asuh dan Depresi pada Remaja Overweight-Obese Royke Tony Kalalo; Lestari Basoeki; Windhu Purnomo
Jurnal Psikiatri Surabaya Vol. 8 No. 1 (2019): June
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga

Latar belakang: Gangguan depresi merupakan penyebab ketiga utama mortalitas pada remaja. Prevalensi gangguan depresi pada remaja diperkirakan 6 hingga 20%, dengan angka rekuren 60 sampai 80% di akhir masa remaja. Selain faktor genetik, biologik dan lingkungan sosial, faktor keluarga dalam hal ini pola asuh menjadi faktor yang mempengaruhi terjadinya gangguan depresi pada remaja. Beberapa penelitian melaporkan tingginya gangguan psikiatri pada anak dan remaja yang mengalami overweight-obesitas. Kerentanan depresi yang terjadi pada remaja, terlebih pada remaja yang overweight-obesitas, membuat peneliti menjadikan topik ini sebagai bahasan penelitian dihubungkan dengan tipe pola asuh yang diterima oleh remaja tersebut dari orang tuanya.Tujuan penelitian: Mengetahui prevalensi masing-masing tipe pola asuh dan menganalisis hubungan antara pola asuh dan depresi pada remaja overweight-obese di salah satu SMA swasta Surabaya.Metode penelitian: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian analitik observasional dengan bentuk cross sectional terhadap remaja overweight-obese di salah satu SMA swasta di Surabaya dan menggunakan metode analisis statistik korelasional. Tehnik pengambilan sampel secara simple random sampling. Instrumen penelitian menggunakan Indeks Massa Tubuh (IMT), Children Depression Inventory (CDI) dan Parental Authority Questionairre (PAQ).Hasil: Didapatkan 133 responden yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Berdasarkan karakteristik responden menurut kategori Indeks Massa Tubuh (IMT), didapatkan bahwa kategori overweight sebesar 105 responden (78,9%) dan kategori obesitas sebesar 28 responden (21,1%). Berdasarkan kategori skor Children Depression Inventory (CDI), didapatkan 107 responden (80,5%) dengan skor CDI 0-12 yang berarti tidak didapatkan gejala depresi dan 26 responden (19,5%) dengan skor CDI >12 yang berarti didapatkan gejala depresi. Uji analisis korelasi tidak didapatkan hubungan antara pola asuh ayah dan depresi pada remaja overweight-obese dengan nilai p=0,265 juga tidak didapatkan hubungan antara pola asuh ibu dan depresi pada remaja overweight-obese di salah satu SMA swasta Surabaya, dengan nilai p = 0,119.Simpulan: Didapatkan prevalensi tipe pola asuh ayah : otoritatif/demokratis 55,6%, otoriter 11,3%, permisif 12,0%, demokratis dan otoriter 3,0%, demokratis dan permisif 5,3%, otoriter dan permisif 2,3% serta demokratis dan otoriter dan permisif 10,5%. Untuk prevalensi tipe pola asuh ibu : otoritatif/demokratis 63,2%, otoriter 9,0%, permisif 10,5%, kombinasi demokratis dan otoriter 0,8%, demokratis dan permisif 3,0%, otoriter dan permisif 0% serta demokratis dan otoriter dan permisif 13,5%. Tidak didapatkan hubungan antara pola asuh dan depresi pada remaja overweight-obese.

Parental Alienation Syndrome (Focus on Management) Rina Krismiati Gani; Royke Tony Kalalo
Jurnal Psikiatri Surabaya Vol. 8 No. 2 (2019): December
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga

Parental Alienation Syndrome (PAS) is a process in which one parent (Aligned Parent) teaches his children to reject or antago- nize other parents (Rejected Parent) which results in disruption to the relationship between children and parents. PAS can be a central issue in child custody disputes and is a form of emotional abuse to children that can disrupt the process of growth and development of children and cause mental disorders in the children's future. Although there are differences of opinion about PAS, the impact can already be seen in children who are in the PAS situation. In severe PAS conditions, disorders in children can occur in the dimensions of behavior, emotions, and cognitive. In the long run, someone who has been exposed to PAS in childhood has a greater likelihood of experiencing depression, anxiety, and decreased quality of life in the future. Given the mag- nitude of the impact caused by PAS, it is necessary to do the management carried out simultaneously by mental health practition- ers, legal professionals and the court. Therapeutic interventions that can be carried out include Multi Model Family Intervention (MMFI), Family Reflections Reunification Program (FRRP), Overcoming Barriers Family Camp (OBFC), Parallel Group Ther- apy, and Family Bridges Workshop. There is no conclusion which intervention is the best. Ultimately, the goal of family therapy is to achieve and maintain healthy parent-child relationships.

Parent Training Program for Autism Spectrum Disorder During The Covid-19 Pandemic Period in Indonesia Ina Dewi Ardiyani; Nining Febriyana; Yunias Setiawati; Royke Tony Kalalo
Jurnal Psikiatri Surabaya Vol. 9 No. 2 (2020): November
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jps.v9i2.19123

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a pervasive developmental disorder that shows difficulties in communication, social interaction, behavior, interests and activities that are limited and repetitive. The prevalence of ASD also continues to increase worldwide, followed by an increase in the need for early intervention in ASD children. The limited services available make early intervention a challenge in itself. The long Covid-19 pandemic has resulted in limited therapy, because therapy in treatment service facilities cannot be carried out as before. In this case it is important to involve parents as the primary caregivers for ASD children in interventions to anticipate the limited interventions due to a pandemic situation. Parent Training can be done as an effort to provide information, education, and skills to parents so that they can provide intensive, comprehensive, sustainable, and early intervention.

The Relationship between Vitamin D and Autism Spectrum Disorder Budi Kristianto; Nining Febriyana; Royke Tony Kalalo
Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol. 5 No. 12 (2021): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine & Translational Research
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32539/bsm.v5i12.430

The tendency for autism spectrum disorders or also known as Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is increasing globally, even becoming 1 per 54 in 2016. Until now, the cause of autism is not known for certain, ASD is considered to be a combination of genetic and environmental factors. One of the environmental factors in this case is related to nutrition, one of which is vitamin D. Vitamin D deficiency is often found among children with ASD. Several studies have shown that vitamin D is involved in various brain bioprocesses including neuromodulation and nerve transmission and brain function while also influencing inflammatory processes, autoimmune disorders, oxidative stress and also neurotransmitters that are widely associated with the possibility of ASD. This review aims to describe vitamin D deficiency may contribute to ASD disorders. Based on this, in the future, it is necessary to consider when treating patients with ASD to consider the need to check the patient's vitamin D levels and if there is a deficiency it can be advised to sunbathe and or be given additional vitamin D intake.

Evaluation of Childhood Psychosis Negligence: Cultural Influences in Treatment Process: Case Report T, Maria; Royke Tony Kalalo; Tiwik Koesdiningsih; Justina Evy Tyaswati
Jurnal Psikiatri Surabaya Vol. 11 No. 2 (2022): November
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jps.v11i2.36307

Background: Childhood psychosis is a rare condition. In Indonesia, strong cultural influences how people perceive mental disorders. Culture and knowledge interact dynamically in mental health in Indonesia. Lack of mental health knowledge, resulting abandonment among psychosis patients, especially in their first episode. This negligence leads to no medical treatment associated with a worse disease course. Case: 27 years old male with the third episode of psychosis. He presented with schizoaffective disorder mixed type. The earliest suspected psychosis episode was at the age of 12 years old, was not treated medically. The patient was only treated after his second episode of psychosis at the age of 26 but exhibited non-adherence to the treatment later, which caused a relapse. After discharged, the patient was currently in the stabilization phase for 5 months with oral antipsychotics and long-acting antipsychotic injections. Besides medical treatment, this patient also sought spiritual treatment from psychics and religious treatment. Discussion: The challenges related to the psychosocial aspects faced in this case are lack of knowledge, strong influences of cultural belief on the patient for the cause, and treatment-seeking for the illness, which needs regard for the treatment process. Conclusion: Negligence of psychosis during childhood, which is not medically treated, could progress to worse episodes in later periods of life, but the protective factors influenced by culture are dynamism of belief related to the illness, endorsed multiple causations for the illness including natural and supernatural attribution, local wisdom to perceive a mental disorder, including in this case cultural-psychological concept.

Relationship of Physical Change and Social Culture with the Risk of Eating Disorder in One of Surabaya High School Gibrata, Aisyah Alhaura; Kalalo , Royke Tony; Febriyana, Nining; Irawan, Roedi
Jurnal Psikiatri Surabaya Vol. 13 No. 2 (2024): November
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jps.v13i2.50503

Introduction: Adolescents aged 10 to 19 experience significant growth in various areas. Around 14% of them struggle with mental health, and eating disorders have the highest mortality rate. According to research, screen-related disordered eating affects about 1 in 8 high school students, and sociocultural pressure is positively associated with bulimia-related behaviors. Limited data on physical changes and sociocultural influences on eating disorders exist in Surabaya, Indonesia. The study aims to examine the potential correlation between physical alterations and sociocultural elements and the likelihood of eating disorders in one of Surabaya’s high schools. Methods: This cross-sectional observational analytic study collects primary data using two questionnaire instruments: EAT-26e collected samples from 60 students in SMAN2 Surabaya and SATAQ-4 using random stratified sampling. We used random stratified sampling to collect samples from 60 students in one of Surabaya’s high schools. We used SPSS version 25 to examine the data using the Spearman’s Rho Correlation Coefficient. Results: Physical changes show no significant correlation; in contrast, sociocultural pressure results show a significant correlation with the risk of eating disorders. Peer pressure, family pressure, and media pressure do not significantly influence the subscales of social culture under measurement. Conclusion: In one of Surabaya’s high schools, there is a significant positive correlation between sociocultural factors and the risk of eating disorders; however, there is no significant correlation between physical changes and the risk of eating disorders.

The Role and Function of Single Parents in Special Needs Children to Combat Loneliness Royke Tony Kalalo
Jurnal Psikiatri Surabaya Vol. 13 No. S1 (2024): Special Issue (More About Loneliness Towards Mental Health)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jps.v13iS1.62669

Introduction: Caring for children with special needs often poses various challenges, including coping with stress in parenting. Single parents have an even increased vulnerability to stressful conditions in parenting, especially from feelings of loneliness and alienation. This literature review aims to obtain an effective intervention model for overcoming loneliness for single parents with special needs children. Methods: Various studies were searched with the keywords “role of a single parent,” “function of a single parent,” “children with special needs,” and “loneliness.” Selected studies are evaluated and critically reviewed. Results: Various challenges of parenting children with special needs include stigma, efforts to overcome communication and behavior problems of children, adjustments to parenting according to special needs conditions, economic burdens, and intrapersonal problems of single parents. These challenges can be significant stressors that further degrade the quality of life of single parents and their children. However, they can be opportunities for personality development and parenting skills through self-care efforts and seeking psychiatric help, including efforts to find a community that understands the experience of being a single parent. Conclusions: Efforts to help single parents cope with loneliness include improving self-efficacy, emotional stability, positive parenting, and social intelligence by being part of a supportive community. Keywords: Single Parent, Children, Special Needs, Loneliness, Psychological Wellbeing

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