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All Journal IPTEK The Journal of Engineering Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Sewagati
Agus Surono
Departemen Teknik Kimia Industri Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember Surabaya
Arts Humanities Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Education Electrical & Electronics Engineering Engineering Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Mechanical Engineering Public Health Social Sciences Other

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Characterization of Hydroxyapatite From Kupang Shells and Its Synthesis with Polycaprolactone for 3D Printing Filament Achmad Ferdiansyah Pradana Putra; Eva Oktavia Ningrum; Elsabella Adiguna; Muhammad Garin; Rafi Rajfan Hanif; Agus Surono
IPTEK The Journal of Engineering Vol. 9 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12962/j23378557.v9i2.a16864

Abstract

The number of deaths or fatalities due to accidents in Indonesia is increasing. In addition, traffic accidents can cause serious injuries such as damage to the skull. The bone implantation technique currently used is an autograft, but this technique has some limitations. This limitation of autograft can be overwhelmed with synthetic bone implants, one of which uses a mixture of Polycaprolactone (PCL) and Hydroxyapatite (HAp). A combination of HAp and PCL is recommended because the two materials complement each other's weaknesses and can increase elasticity and quality to produce suitable filaments for 3D printing processes. This study used hydroxyapatite from Kupang Shells by calcination and precipitation methods. Then do the test XRF, XRD, FTIR, and SEM to determine the quality. The results showed that HAp synthesized from Kupang Shells had potential characteristics as bone implants. Next, two methods were used to mix PCL with HAp as a 3D printing filament for bone implants: the dry and wet methods. After that, it is analyzed with SEM and Mechanical Strength. The results of the SEM test of HAp particles in the wet method have more even distribution and a smoother surface than in the dry method. The impact is visible on the filament's mechanical test, which shows better results in the wet method.
Effect of Steam Delignification and Bleaching Process on Pineapple Leaf Fiber as Textile Raw Material Warlinda Eka Triastuti; Suprapto; Agus Surono; Mochammad Zayyan Difa Fadhillah; Regita Syahra Ramadhan; Sunia Rahma Cahyaning Tyas; Hanifah Fauziyah Zahrah
IPTEK The Journal of Engineering Vol. 9 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12962/j23378557.v9i2.a17325

Abstract

Pineapple is a local commodity in Indonesia that is widely cultivated. The part of the pineapple plant that is mostly used is only the fruit part, while the other plant parts are discarded and become waste. Pineapple leaves contain high fiber content of cellulose, lignin, and hemicellulose, so it is very potential if used as an alternative textile raw material. The quality of pineapple leaf fiber can be improved by going through a delignification process using an alkaline solvent with the appropriate concentration and time. This research determine the effect of delignification of pineapple leaf fiber with a solution of Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH), Hydrogen Peroxide (H2O2) and water (H2O) on tensile strength, lignin content and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). This research consist of six stages including delignification using 3% NaOH and 3% H2O2, washing, neutralization, preservation, and analysis of pineapple leaf fiber products. The results obtained are pineapple leaf fiber lignin test after delignification and bleaching, the best lignin results are steam delignification at 80°C with 3% NaOH solution and bleaching solution using NaOCl solution obtained 21% lignin content with a tensile strength test of 0.263 kgf/mm2. SEM analysis also showed that there was a loss of material from the fiber surface which indicated that there was degradation due to the addition of bleaching solution. This proves that alkaline treatment can also cause discoloration of natural fibers due to the removal of natural dyes in natural fibers.
The Effect of Aeration on Aerobic Biofilter Using Polyethylene Terephthalate Media for Chicken Slaughterhouse Liquid Waste Agus Surono; Suprapto; Ahmad Dwi Arga; Aigah Ameilia Manullang
IPTEK The Journal of Engineering Vol. 9 No. 3 (2023)
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12962/j23378557.v9i3.a18211

Abstract

Chicken Slaughterhouse is one of the industries that process live chickens into ready-to-eat chicken meat products. Many chicken slaughterhouses still need liquid waste treatment technology and directly discharge it into the aquatic environment. RPA liquid waste has a high organic content that will cause environmental pollution with unpleasant odors and decay. This study uses an aerobic wastewater treatment method by utilizing aerobic microorganisms in wastewater that are attached to biofilter media to form biofilms. This study aims to reduce the concentration of COD, BOD, TSS, and ammonia and change the pH value of RPA liquid waste with aerobic biofilter treatment using honeycomb media from Polyethylene Terephthalate and to get the best aeration flow rate to reduce the concentration of pollutants from the aerobic biofilter reactor. In this study, the residence time and the addition of air discharge in the aeration process are varied. The results of this study show that there has been a decrease in the concentration of COD, BOD, TSS, and ammonia and changes in pH values following PERMENLHK No 5 of 2014 concerning the quality standards of slaughterhouse wastewater with the best aeration flowrate recommendation is 15 liters/minute.
Co-Authors Achmad Dwitama Karisma Achmad Ferdiansyah Pradana Putra Achmad Ferdiansyah Pradana Putra Adi Soeprijanto Afan Hamzah, Afan Agung Subaykto Agung Subyakto Agung Subyakto Agustiani, Elly Ahmad Dwi Arga Ahmad Nezard Dhiaulhaq Aigah Ameilia Manullang Altway, Saidah Danawati Hari Prajitno Deden Eko Wiyono Deden Eko Wiyono Devianti Anggraini Ramadhani Elsabella Adiguna Elsabella Adiguna Fitriah Dwi Mulyani Hanifah Fauziyah Zahrah Irfan Ramadhitya Karenina Anisya Pratiwi Karenina Anisya Pratiwi Lailatul Qomariyah Lily Pudjiastuti, Lily Lulu Sekar Taji Lulu Sekar Taji Mochammad Zayyan Difa Fadhillah Mochammad Zayyan Difa Fadhillah Mochammad Zayyan Difa Fadhillah Muchamad Kurniawan Dwi Febrianto Muhammad Garin Muhammad Garin Rachmaniah, Orchidea Rafi Rajfan Hanif Rafi Rajfan Hanif Regita Syahra Ramadhan Regita Syahra Ramadhan Shania Lorensa Sunia Rahma Cahyaning Tyas Suprapto Suprapto Suprapto Triastuti, Warlinda Eka Wirawan Ciptonugroho Zuchrillah, Daril Ridho