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Hybrid optical communications for supporting the Palapa Ring network Ucuk Darusalam; Fitri Yuli Zulkifli; Purnomo Sidi Priambodo; Eko Tjipto Rahardjo
Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Vol 9, No 3: June 2020
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (973.832 KB) | DOI: 10.11591/eei.v9i3.2008

Abstract

In order to connecting villages in rural area with a city, a hybrid optical communication is proposed. The Optical fiber communications that are implemented as a backbone on the Palapa Ring network has an opportunity to be expanded to reach rural area through the implementation of free-space optical communications (FSO) as the optical relaying networks (ORN). The major problem of FSO as the ORN is turbulence effects induce an optical propagation. In this research, FSO as the ORN implements novel technique to improve the performance of hybrid FSO where the amplification of signal is produced through serial configuration of optical amplifiers in cascaded meanwhile to reduce the noise in the end of receiver, optical band pass filter is implemented. The simulation of hybrid FSO is performed in Optisystem 7.0 where ORN is implemented in two nodes. The length of optical fiber connection to FSO is set to be constant at 75 km. The range of optical propagation in FSO is set at 1–9.4 m. The results of simulation show that at the range of 1–8 Km of optical propagation under atmospheric turbulence, range values for SNR and BER are achieved at 46.23–26.61 dB and 6.7x10-17–1.5x10-6, respectively.
Analysis of Hole Lifetime in SOI MOSFET Single-Photon Detector Putranto, Dedy Septono Catur; Du, Wei; Satoh, Hiroaki; Ono, Atsushi; Priambodo, Purnomo Sidi; Hartanto, Djoko; Inokawa, Hiroshi
Makara Journal of Technology Vol. 17, No. 1
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

Hole lifetime in the silicon-on-insulator (SOI) metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET) singlephoton detector was evaluated by the analysis of drain current histograms for different light intensities and substrate voltages. It was found that the peaks in the histogram corresponding to the larger number of stored holes grew as the gate bias decreased. This was attributed not to the increased light absorption efficiency or collection efficiency of the photo-generated holes, but to the prolonged hole lifetime presumably caused by the higher transverse electric field inside the body of SOI MOSFET.
Performances of Free-Space Optical Communication System Over Strong Turbulence Darusalam, Ucuk; Priambodo, Purnomo Sidi; Sudibyo, Harry; Rahardjo, Eko Tjipto
Makara Journal of Technology Vol. 18, No. 1
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

We report an experimental of free-space optical communication (FSOC) system that use tube propagation simulator (TPS) as the turbulence medium. The FSOC system use wavelength of 1550 nm at the rate transmission of 1000 Mbps and amplified with EDFA at the output of +23 dBm. Index structure of 10-15–10-13 as the representation of atmosphere index turbulences are used for simulation of intensity distribution model or scintillation. The simulation use gammagamma and K model as well. The beam wave propagation models used in simulation are plane wave, spherical wave and Gaussian wave. Spherical wave achieves highest performance via gamma-gamma in strong turbulence. While Gaussian wave achieves highest performance also via K model. We also found, characteristical FSOC system performance is calculated more accurately with gamma-gamma method for strong turbulence than K model. The performances from gamma-gamma for strong turbulence are at 22.55 dB, at 5.33´10-4, and at 9.41 ´10-6.
Fiber Optic Ring Resonator Sensor Detection Technique Based on Spectral Intensity Integration Priambodo, Purnomo Sidi; Rahardjo, Sasono; Witjaksono, Gunawan; Hartanto, Djoko
Makara Journal of Technology Vol. 19, No. 1
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

Resonant field phenomenon in optical ring resonator has been a major theme for various studies and can be used for various sensor applications. The spectral response shape changes are subjects to be discussed and analyzed for detection in optical sensor system. The spectral response changes are caused by various factors ranging from refractive index of the surrounding medium, medium loss due to absorption and scattering, and coupling variation between waveguides. These optical phenomena are mostly used for bio-sensor applications, since it is free from electromagnetic interference (EMI) and non-physically destructive. In this paper, we discuss our current research in developing optical bio-sensor in the form of a fiber optic ring resonator with monochromatic laser source based on spectral integration detection method, which is sufficiently sensitive and accurate.
Performance of Free-space Optical Communication Systems using Optical Amplifiers under Amplify-forward and Amplify-received Configurations Darusalam, Ucuk; Raj, Arockia Bazil; Zulkifli, Fitri Yuli; Priambodo, Purnomo Sidi; Rahardjo, Eko Tjipto
Makara Journal of Technology Vol. 24, No. 3
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

With the growth of digital technology in the stage of industrial revolution 4.0, the demand for broadcasting large amounts of information to last mile users has increased. Free-space optical (FSO) communication is one of the telecommunication platforms that has shown immense potential in meeting the demand for information broadcasting. In this work, the performance of FSO communication based on wavelength division multiplexing with a data rate of 80 Gbps is investigated through simulations. The configuration of optical amplifiers in the FSO system is set up on the basis of the amplify-forward and amplify-received configurations to expand the network. The investigation is aimed at identifying the best optical signal amplification between an erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA) and a semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) under an atmospheric channel. Simulation results show that the EDFA performs better than the SOA in terms of the optical signal amplification for eight channels of the C band. The maximum optical propagation path length under the atmospheric channel for the amplify-forward and -received schemes using the EDFA is 1.7 km, with the bit error rate achieved at 10−6.
Unconsidered but influencing interference in unmanned aerial vehicle cabling system Setyadewi, Imas Tri; Prabowo, Yanuar; Wibowo, Priyo; Priambodo, Purnomo Sidi
International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) Vol 14, No 1: February 2024
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijece.v14i1.pp22-30

Abstract

The increasing complexity of electrical and electronic systems in unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) has raised concerns regarding unwanted electromagnetic interference (EMI) due to limited compartment space. Recent studies have highlighted the UAV cabling as the primary pathway for interference. This paper presents a novel approach to investigating the effects of interference power, polarization angle, and distance from the interference source on EMI in UAV cable systems. Measurements and simulations were performed to analyze the influence of these factors on the radiation received by the cable. A linear dipole antenna, operating at a frequency of 905 MHz, served as the radiation source, while a single wire cable pair terminated with a 50-ohm resistor was employed as the victim. The findings reveal that the power transmitted by the source, the distance between the cable and the source, and the polarization angle have a significant impact on the electromagnetic interference received by the cable. Notably, a perpendicular orientation of the cable to the interference source (antenna) in the far-field yielded a reduction of up to 15 dBm in EMI. The results underscore the necessity for more sophisticated models and comprehensive measurements to fully comprehend the diverse factors affecting polarization losses in practical scenarios.
Simulating Free-Space Optical Communications to Support a Li-Fi Access Network in a Smart City Concept Darusalam, Ucuk; Nathasia, Novi Dian; Zarlis, Muhammad; Priambodo, Purnomo Sidi
CommIT (Communication and Information Technology) Journal Vol. 18 No. 1 (2024): CommIT Journal
Publisher : Bina Nusantara University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21512/commit.v18i1.10458

Abstract

Smart city development has grown rapidly in the decades since 4G and 5G technologies have been released. Moreover, a highly reliable network is required to support the Internet of Things (IoT) and mobile access within a city. Light Fidelity (Li-Fi) technology can provide huge bitrate transmission and high-speed communications. In the research, a backbone based on Free-Space Optical (FSO) communication (FSO) is designed through simulation to provide a Li-Fi access network with a high capacity data rate. The originality of the proposed method is the implementation of double filtering techniques, which gives an advantage when forwarding the signal to a node and improves the quality of the signal received by the Li-Fi. The FSO as the Optical Relaying Network (ORN) is designed with a configuration of 12 channels of Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing (DWDM) amplified by optical amplifiers in the transmitter and receiver. The signal output is filtered by a Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) and a Gaussian filter. In the simulation, the ORN has node spacing in the range of 500 m to 2,000 m. Then, the data transmission rate at 120 Gbps is provided by the implementation of DWDM channels to serve as an access network. From the simulation, the FSO backbone can optimally deliver highly reliable Li-Fi access networks. When the nodes are spaced in a 500–2,000 m range, the Bit-Error-Rate (BER) performance is produced at the order of 10−6.
The Relaying Network in Free-Space Optical Communications using Optical Amplifiers in Cascaded Configuration Darusalam, Ucuk; Raj, Arockia Bazil; Zulkifli, Fitri Yuli; Priambodo, Purnomo Sidi; Rahardjo, Eko Tjipto
Makara Journal of Technology Vol. 27, No. 2
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

Optical relaying is the best technique to implement free-space optical (FSO) communications as a terrestrial platform. However, atmospheric turbulence (AT) limits the optical-propagation path length. In this study, the implementation of some optical amplifiers (OAs) in cascaded configuration, namely, erbium-doped fiber amplifiers, semiconductor OAs, and Raman amplifiers (RAs), are investigated through simulation. This study aims to search for the maximum link distance of an optical propagation and enhance the FSO performance caused by each configuration of OAs. The optical relaying network consists of three nodes, with each node designed with a space of several kilometers under the influence of AT. At the end of the destination, before the receiver, an optical band-pass filter is applied to perform noise filtering. Among the OAs in the cascaded configuration, the RA can expand the link distance of the optical-propagation path length to a range of 14.7–15.9 Km under the influence of a strong AT. The signal-to-noise ratio and bit error rate of the system are in the ranges of 24.1– 19.08 dB and 7.9 × 10−15–7.4 × 10−6, respectively.
Numerical and experimental state of identification battery pack lithium-ion Anggraeni, Dewi; Sudiarto, Budi; Nasser, Eriko Nasemudin; Hasbi, Wahyudi; Natali, Yus; Priambodo, Purnomo Sidi
International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS) Vol 16, No 4: December 2025
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijpeds.v16.i4.pp2623-2633

Abstract

Two key indicators of a battery management system (BMS) are the state of charge (SoC) and the state of health (SoH). Accurately estimating SoC is important to prevent potential issues. Additionally, space, computing time, and cost are important factors in hardware development. To address these considerations, the first-order extended Kalman filter (EKF) and adaptive extended Kalman filter (AEKF) models were selected due to their simpler data pre-processing and better accuracy. The study recommends using the first-order equivalent circuit model (ECM) method in conjunction with the EKF and AEKF algorithms due to their straightforward setup and efficient computational process. Analysis of the charge-discharge cycles shows that the AEKF method consistently outperformed the EKF method regarding SoC accuracy. Moreover, when given different initial SoC values, the AEKF method displayed superior SoC estimation accuracy compared to the EKF method. Moreover, while the accuracy of the EKF is diminished, the error value remains below 2.5% for up to 500 cycles. Additionally, the shorter computing time of the EKF method is a consideration for practical real-world implementation. Furthermore, experiments conducted over 500 cycles revealed that SoH estimation declined from 99.97% to 76.1947%, suggesting that the battery has reached the end of life (EOL) stage.