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All Journal Molekul: Jurnal Ilmiah Kimia Jurnal Sains Materi Indonesia
Witta Kartika Restu
Pusat Penelitian Kimia (P2K)-LIPI Kawasan Puspiptek, Serpong 15314, Tangerang Selatan
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemistry Engineering Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology

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Influence of Chitosan and Alginate as Reinforcement Towards Sugar Palm Starch-Based Hydrogel Zahra, Tazkia Qonita; Nizardo, Noverra Mardhatillah; Restu, Witta Kartika
Molekul Vol 19 No 3 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.jm.2024.19.3.11222

Abstract

Nowadays, hydrogel has a wide range of applications, such as in the biomedical field, due to its excellent biocompatibility. Hydrogel may be synthesized using biomaterials that are abundantly found in the natural environment. This research involved the synthesis of a hydrogel using sugar palm starch as the base material, but hydrogel made from starch has lower chemical and physical properties. To enhance its chemical, physical, and mechanical properties, alginate and chitosan were incorporated as reinforcing agents because they can form strong gels, which might be due to the interaction of the amino (-NH2) group from chitosan and carboxyl (-COO-) group from alginate with the hydroxyl (-OH) group from starch. The objective of the study was to determine the best reinforcing agents for the formation of two sugar palm-based hydrogel formulations: sugar palm starch/chitosan hydrogel and sugar palm starch/alginate hydrogel, with good chemical, physical and mechanical properties, such as thickness, swelling ratio, water contact angle, functional group, mechanical properties including tensile strength, and elongation at break, surface morphology images, and thermal properties. The result showed that the hydrogel composed of sugar palm starch and chitosan as reinforcing agent exhibited better characteristics than alginate, indicating their potential for biomedical application as shown by its result in swelling ratio with value of 67.81±0.11%, average tensile strength of 0.113±0.04 MPa and elongation at a break value of 37.83±7.0%. Keywords: Alginate, chitosan, hydrogel, Sugar palm starch
Formulation and Characteristics of Sunscreen Cream based on Isolated Lignin from Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch (OPEFB) : Formulation and Characteristics of Sunscreen Cream Restu, Witta Kartika; Rusumayanti, Felli; Septiyanti, Melati; Muryanto; Aryana, Nurhani; Mawarni, Rista Siti; Meliana, Yenny; Sondari, Dewi; Fatriasari, Widya; Ogino, Chiaki
Jurnal Sains Materi Indonesia Vol. 26 No. 2 (2025): Jurnal Sains dan Materi Indonesia
Publisher : BRIN Publishing (Penerbit BRIN)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/jsmi.2025.6199

Abstract

Lignin was recovered from black liquor during the biorefinery process and has prospective applications in pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and health care. Lignin, which has substantially smaller particles, was used as the active ingredient in the sunscreen cream formulation. The isolated lignin was examined for physicochemical parameters such as yield, purity, particle size, total phenol, and morphology. The obtained lignin was used in the preparation of sunscreen cream. The isolated lignin concentration in the cream varied between 0.1, 1, and 2 wt%. The sun protection factor (SPF) of the designed sunscreen creams was assessed, and antioxidant activity and stability were studied, which included pH, particle size, and appearance during the observation period. The formulated cream has an SPF of approximately 15, which is sufficient to protect human skin from the sun's UV radiation. Furthermore, the most significant antioxidant activity was found to be 68.94%. As a result, the developed sunscreen cream has the potential for further research because it is composed of natural active ingredients that are safe for humans and the environment.
A Comparative Evaluation of Solid-State Catalysts for Synthesis of Non-Ionic Surfactant Based Oleic Acid for Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) Sampora, Yulianti; Sofyan, Muhammad Ihsan; Ghozali, muhammad; Triwulandari, Evi; Restu, Witta Kartika; Ndruru, Sun Theo Constan Lotebulo; Devy, Yenni Apriliany; Handayani, Annisa Fitriyah; Safitri, Gita Nur; Satria, Erza Eka
Molekul Vol 20 No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.jm.2025.20.1.11077

Abstract

Abstract. The Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) process with chemical techniques carried out by injecting chemicals such as surfactants, can be an alternative to increase oil production, especially in old oil wells. This study investigated the best formulation of non-ionic surfactants based on the mole ratio of oleic acid and PEG-400 as well as catalyst types such as KOH and p-TSA 1%, which are used in surfactant synthesis to be able to increase oil production. The tests carried out are the value of acid, saponification, ester, and iodine, FTIR, NMR as well as a test of compatibility, phase behavior, and IFT. The results showed that the best formulation of ester polyethylene glycol oleate with reaction temperature conditions of 130oC was at a mole ratio of 1: 4 using a 1% p-TSA catalyst with a value of acid is 3,61 mg KOH/g, saponification is 144,12 mg KOH/g, ester is 140,51 mg KOH/g and iodine is 76,70 g I2/100 g. The compatibility tests and phase behavior show that this surfactant can be developed in chemical EOR with an IFT value of 2,6 x 10-1 mN/m. Keywords: Enhanced oil recovery, oleic acid, solid-state catalysts, synthesis
Co-Authors Devy, Yenni Apriliany Dewi Sondari Evi Triwulandari Handayani, Annisa Fitriyah Mawarni, Rista Siti Meliana, Yenny Muhammad Ghozali Muryanto Ndruru, Sun Theo Constan Lotebulo Noverra Mardhatillah Nizardo Nurhani Aryana, Nurhani Ogino, Chiaki Rusumayanti, Felli Safitri, Gita Nur Sampora, Yulianti Satria, Erza Eka Septiyanti, Melati Sofyan, Muhammad Ihsan Widya FATRIASARI Zahra, Tazkia Qonita