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All Journal Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management LIMNOTEK
Budi Heru Santosa
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Earth & Planetary Sciences Engineering Environmental Science

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Developing algorithms for estimating total suspended solids (TSS) using unmanned aerial vehicle: A case study in the Upper Citarum River, Indonesia Setiawan, Fajar; Basuki, Tyas Mutiara; Santosa, Budi Heru; Pramono, Irfan Budi; Chulafak, Galdita Aruba; Rahmadya, Aldiano; Nada, Firda Maftukhakh Hilmya
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 12 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2025.122.7379

Abstract

Monitoring total suspended solids (TSS) is essential as suspended sediments impact the environment and human health in various ways. However, TSS data are limited in many regions because the methods currently applied through in situ measurements are time-consuming and labor-intensive. The study aimed to develop algorithms to estimate TSS using data derived from UAVs and field measurements. Remote sensing technology, such as unmanaged aerial vehicle (UAV), was applied to obtain imagery data to estimate TSS content. These results were then compared with laboratory analysis of in-situ water samples, determined by gravimetric methods following standard protocols. The results showed that the algorithm developed using three-band ratios, the blue/green + red/green + NIR (near infra red)/green, produces a high R2 (0.70), indicating that this combination is reliable for use in estimating TSS content in a river section. The high accuracy of the red band for suspended sediment prediction is attributed to its spectral signature in turbid water, which shows higher reflectance compared to clean water. The results of this study have the potential to help river managers obtain TSS data quickly at a relatively low cost.
Groundwater Potential Assessment in the Semarang-Demak Basin Using Geospatial and Multi-Criteria Analysis Ardiyanto, Ruki; Ratnasari, Dian; Santosa, Budi Heru; Anisah, Anisah; Hidayat, Wahyu; Gita Alamanda Sapan, Elenora; Priyadi, Hari; Purwana, Rachmadhi
LIMNOTEK Perairan Darat Tropis di Indonesia Vol. 31 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : BRIN Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/limnotek.2025.8066

Abstract

Groundwater is a critical resource for meeting the increasing demands of urban, agricultural, and industrial sectors. However, overexploitation and contamination pose significant threats to its sustainability. This study aims to assess the groundwater potential zones (GWPZ) within the Semarang-Demak Groundwater Basin, a rapidly urbanizing region in Central Java, Indonesia, where clean water availability faces mounting challenges. A geospatial approach integrating Geographic Information Systems (GIS), Remote Sensing (RS), and the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) was employed to identify and classify GWPZ. Key factors analyzed include geology, lithology, slope, soil type, drainage density, rainfall, geomorphology, and land use/land cover. The results delineate the basin into five classes of groundwater potential zones, ranging from very poor to very good, offering actionable insights into areas optimal for groundwater recharge and extraction. Validation using groundwater table measurements from 71 infiltration wells confirmed a significant correlation between predicted zones and observed water levels. The results showed that zones with very high groundwater potential are concentrated in the central part of the basin, primarily due to favorable conditions such as high rainfall, alluvial formations, and low drainage density. These findings provide actionable insights for stakeholders to implement targeted groundwater management strategies, ensuring sustainable water resource utilization in the face of growing urbanization and environmental pressures.
Co-Authors Anisah Chulafak, Galdita Aruba Dian Ratnasari FAJAR SETIAWAN Gita Alamanda Sapan, Elenora Hari Priyadi Irfan Budi Pramono Nada, Firda Maftukhakh Hilmya Rachmadhi Purwana Rahmadya, Aldiano Ruki Ardiyanto Tyas Mutiara Basuki Wahyu Hidayat