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All Journal BIOTROPIA - The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology Indonesian Journal of Forestry Research Jurnal Penelitian Hutan dan Konservasi Alam Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Erdy Santoso
Institut Pertanian Bogor
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Immunology & microbiology Veterinary

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GROWTH-PROMOTING PROPERTIES OF BACTERIA ISOLATED FROM RHIZOSPHERE AND RHIZOPLANE OF DIPTEROCARP PLANTS ON ACIDIC LOWLAND TROPICAL PEAT FOREST IN CENTRAL KALIMANTAN, INDONESIA Sitepu, Irnayuli R.; Hashidoko, Yasuyuki; Santoso, Erdy; Tahara, Satoshi
Indonesian Journal of Forestry Research Vol 6, No 2 (2009): Journal of Forestry Research
Publisher : Secretariat of Forestry Research and Development Agency

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/ijfr.2009.6.2.96-118

Abstract

PEMANFAATAN LIMBAH PADAT INDUSTRI PULP DAN KERTAS SEBAGAI PUPUK ORGANIK PADA PERTUMBUHAN ANAKAN Shorea mesisopterik Growth Komarayati, Sri; Santoso, Erdy
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 27, No 1 (2009): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1736.404 KB) | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2009.27.1.68-75

Abstract

Tulisan ini menyajikan basil penelitian penggunaan tiga jenis pupuk organik terhaclap media tumbuh anakan Shorea mesisopterik selama tiga bulan di Rumah Kaea. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan pupuk organik, pupuk organik plus arang dan tablet pupuk organik mikoriza terhaclap respon pertumbuhan anakan Shorea mesisopterik. Basil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan pupuk organik plus arang dan tablet pupuk organik mikoriza dapat meningkatkan bobot kering daun sebesar 66,3% dan bobot kering akar sebesar 58,9%. Penggunaan pupuk organik, pupuk organik plus arang dan tablet pupuk organik mikoriza tidak dapat memberikan perbedaan nyata pada pertumbuhan tinggi dan diameter anakan S horeamesisopterik. Diperlukan waktu penelitian yang lebih lama untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan pupuk organik terhaclap pertumbuhan tinggi dan diameter anakan S borea mesisopterik.
MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI INCREASED EARLY GROWTH OF TROPICAL TREE SEEDLINGS IN ADVERSE SOIL Turjaman, Maman; Santoso, Erdy; Sitepu, Irnayuli R.; Tawaraya, Keitaro; Purnomo, Erry; Tambunan, Ronny; Osaki, Mitsuru
Indonesian Journal of Forestry Research Vol 6, No 1 (2009): Journal of Forestry Research
Publisher : Secretariat of Forestry Research and Development Agency

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/ijfr.2009.6.1.17-25

Abstract

The rate of reforestation  has increased throughout the countries in Southeast Asia region during the last 20 years.  At the same time, inconvenient situations such as forest destruction, forest exploitation, illegal logging, clear-cut forest areas, old agricultural lands, post-wildfire areas, conversion  of natural  forests into  plantations, resettlement areas, mine  lands,  and amended adverse soils have also been increasing  significantly. Mycorrhizas, hovewer,  play important role  to increase  plant  growth,  enrich  nutrient content  and enhance  survival rates of forest tree species in temperate  and sub-tropical  regions.  Unfortunately, a little information so far is available  regarding  the effect of mycorrhizas on growth  of tree species growing  in tropical  forests. In relevant,  several experiments  were carried  out to determine whether  ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungi and arbuscular  mycorrhizal (AM) fungi can enhance mycorrhizal colonization, nutrient content, and plant growth of some tropical rain forest tree species in Indonesia under nursery  and field conditions.   The families of tropical  tree species used in the experiment were  Thymelaeaceae (Aquilaria crassna), Leguminosae  (Sesbania grandifolia), Guttiferae (Ploiarium alternifolium and Calophyllum hosei), Apocynaceae (Dyera polyphylla and Alstonia scholaris), and Dipterocarpaceae (Shorea belangeran). These families are important as they provide timber  and non-timber  forest products (NTFPs).   This paper discusses the role of mycorrhizal fungi in increasing  early  growth  of tropical  tree seedlings in adverse soil.
ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI INCREASED PLANT GROWTH AND NUTRIENT CONCENTRATIONS OF MILKWOOD TROPICAL TREE SPECIES Alstonia scholaris UNDER GREENHOUSE CONDITIONS Turjaman, Maman; Santoso, Erdy; Tawaraya, Keitaro
Indonesian Journal of Forestry Research Vol 4, No 2 (2007): Journal of Forestry Research
Publisher : Secretariat of Forestry Research and Development Agency

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/ijfr.2007.4.2.61-71

Abstract

The objective of this study was to determine the effect of five arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi on the early growth of Alstonia scholaris (milkwood) seedlings.   The seedlings were inoculated with Glomus clarum Nicholson & Schenk, Gigaspora decipiens Hall & Abbott, Glomus sp. ACA Tulasne & Tulasne, Entrophospora sp. Ames & Scheneider,    and Glomus sp. ZEA Tulasne & Tulasne, and uninoculated (control) under greenhouse conditions. Percentage of AM colonization, plant growth, survival rate, mycorrhizal dependency (MD), shoot nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca),  and magnesium (Mg) concentrations were measured after 150 days. Survival rates were higher in the AM-colonized seedlings at 150 days after transplantation than those in the control seedlings. Mycorrhizal Dependency (MD) values were 80, 78, 79, 78 and 78% in A. scholaris inoculated with G. clarum, G. decipiens, Glomus sp. ACA, Entrophospora sp., and Glomus sp. ZEA, respectively. Shoot N, P, K, Ca and Mg content of the seedlings were increased by AM fungi as much as 82-86, 81-86, 81-86, 88-91 and 85-90%, respectively. The percentage of AM colonization of A. scholaris ranged from 64 to 91 %. Colonization by five AM fungi increased plant height, diameter, total fresh weight, total dry weight and total length root. Glomus clarum was more effective in improving nutrient content and plant growth of A. scholaris than G. decipiens, Entrophospora  sp., Glomus sp. ZEA and Glomus sp. ACA.   Total root length of A. scholaris ranged from 1,180 to 1,310 cm. The results suggest that AM fungi can accelerate the establishment of the seedling stocks of A. scholaris. This finding would contribute to the effort of establishing A. scholaris plantation.
ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI INCREASED EARLY GROWTH OF GAHARU WOOD OF Aquilaria malaccencsis and A. crasna UNDER GREENHOUSE CONDITIONS Turjaman, Maman; Santoso, Erdy; Sumarna, Yana
Indonesian Journal of Forestry Research Vol 3, No 2 (2006): Journal of Forestry Research
Publisher : Secretariat of Forestry Research and Development Agency

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/ijfr.2006.3.2.139-148

Abstract

Gaharu wood stand has an important source of profits to the forest community in South and Southeast Asia tropical forest countries, but Aquilaria species have reduced in number and turn out to be endangered due to overexploitation.   Today,   the planting stocks of   Aquilaria species are not sufficient to sustain the yield of gaharu wood and promote forest conservation.  The objective of this study was to determine   the effect of   five arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi: Entrophospora sp., Gigaspora decipiens, Glomus clarum, Glomus sp. ZEA, and Glomus sp. ACA, on the early growth of  Aquilaria malaccensis and A. crasna under greenhouse conditions. The seedlings of  Aquilaria spp. were inoculated with Entrophospora sp., Gi. decipiens, Glomus clarum, Glomus sp. ZEA, Glomus sp. ACA and uninoculated (control) under greenhouse conditions. Then, percentage AM colonization, plant growth, survival rate and nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) content and mycorrhizal dependence (MD) were measured. The percentage AM colonization of A. malaccensis and A. crasna ranged from 83 to 97% and from 63 to 78%, respectively. Colonization by five AM fungi increased plant height, diameter, and shoot and root dry weights. N and P content of  the seedlings were also increased by AM colonization. Survival rates were higher in the AM-colonized seedlings at 180 days after transplantation than those in the control seedlings. The MD of Aquilaria species was higher than 55 %. The results suggested that AM fungi can be inoculated`to Aquilaria species under nursery conditions to obtain vigorous seedlings, and the field experiment is underway to clarify the role of AM fungi under field conditions.
EFEKTIVITAS PEMBENTUKAN GAHARU DAN KOMPOSISI SENYAWA RESIN GAHARU PADA Santoso, Erdy; Agustini, Luciasih; R. Sitepu, Irnayuli; Turjaman, Maman
Jurnal Penelitian Hutan dan Konservasi Alam Vol 4, No 6 (2007): Jurnal Penelitian Hutan dan Konservasi Alam
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hutan

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Abstract

ABSTRAK Gaharu terjadi melalui proses patologis yang unik akibat respon terhadap infeksi jamur pada pohon pembentuk gaharu, seperti Aquilaria spp.   Pembentukan gaharu ditandai oleh proses pencoklatan jaringan batang pada area terinfeksi akibat akumulasi resin, yaitu metabolit sekunder yang merupakan senyawa penentu kualitas gaharu.  Standar untuk menentukan kualitas resin gaharu masih sulit ditemukan.  Penelitian ini  bertujuan  untuk  mendapatkan  informasi  tentang  efektivitas  14  jamur  pembentuk  gaharu  dalam membentuk gejala kecoklatan pada gaharu dari jenis Aquilaria spp. dan komposisi resin pada gaharu alami dan buatan.  Fusarium solani Ga-7a adalah jamur yang paling efektif dalam menginduksi gejala kecoklatan secara vertikal, yaitu 12,7 cm, tetapi dua jamur: F. solani   Ga-4a   dan Cylindrocarpon sp. Ga-8b menghasilkan jarak kecoklatan terpendek, yaitu 2,23 dan 2,13 cm. Jarak horizontal terlebar didapat pada batang yang diinduksi oleh F. solani  Ga-4b and F. triticum Ga-3, yaitu 3,27 dan 3,03 cm.  Cylindrocarpon sp. Ga-8b menghasilkan jarak yang paling sempit, yaitu 1,50 cm.  Analisis dengan gas chromatography mass spectrophotometry mengindikasikan bahwa kelas kamedangan alami terdiri dari 120 senyawa resin dan umumnya  tergolong  sesquiterpenoid (C 15 )  atau  senyawa  turunannya.    Enam  dari  isolat  yang  diujikan berpotensi menginduksi senyawa methyl-hexadecanoate dan/atau palmitic acid; hexadeconoic acid, yang memiliki kemiripan yang rendah dengan senyawa dari kelas kamedangan.  Penelitian selanjutnya pengaruh faktor biotik dan abiotik dalam pembentukan gaharu artifisial seyogyanya segera dilakukan.
STUDIES ON FUNCTIONAL BACTERIA OF INDONESIAN TROPICAL FOREST PLANTS FOR BIOREHABILITATION OF DEGRADED LANDS Sitepu, Irnayuli R.; Hashidoko, Yasuyuki; Aryanto, Aryanto; Turjaman, Maman; Tahara, Satoshi; Miftahuliyah, Siti S.; Santoso, Erdy
Indonesian Journal of Forestry Research Vol 5, No 1 (2008): Journal of Forestry Research
Publisher : Secretariat of Forestry Research and Development Agency

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/ijfr.2008.5.1.21-36

Abstract

Forest  degradations  have left vast amount  of damaged  and abandoned  lands in Indonesia.   In this paper, we present our approaches  in rehabilitation of adverse soils using functional  bacteria isolated from plant species of Indonesian tropical  rain forests. For these purposes,  we collected  bacteria  from various  bio-geo-climatically different forests and conducted bioassays to test these bacterial abilities in improving plant growth. Repeated seedling-based studies on Shorea spp., Alstonia scholaris, Acacia crassicarpa, and Agathis lorantifolia have revealed that many bacteria were able to promote plant growth at early stage in the nursery.  Various  plant responses towards  inoculations suggested that although  forest soils maintain  highly diverse and potent  bacteria,  it is necessary to select appropriate approaches to obtain optimum  benefits from these plant-bacteria interactions.  Our  ideas and futures  studies  for further  management  of these plant- bacteria interactions for biorehabilitation are also discussed.
KOLONISASI CENDAWAN MIKORIZA ARBUSKULA PADA BIBIT TANAMAN PENGHASIL GAHARU Santoso, Erdy; Gunawan, A.W.; Turjaman, Maman
Jurnal Penelitian Hutan dan Konservasi Alam Vol 4, No 5 (2007): Jurnal Penelitian Hutan dan Konservasi Alam
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hutan

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Abstract

 ABSTRAK Tanaman penghasil gaharu termasuk jenis hasil hutan bukan kayu (HHBK) dan keberadaannya sangat penting dalam meningkatkan pendapatan masyarakat di negara-negara Asia Tenggara, tetapi beberapa jenis tanaman penghasil gaharu telah mengalami kepunahan disebabkan pemanenan di alam yang berlebihan.  Ada usaha  peningkatan  dalam  penyediaan  bibit  Aquilaria  microcarpa  Baill  tetapi  tidak  cukup   dalam meningkatkan jenis HHBK tersebut dan dalam meningkatkan promosi  konservasi hutan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk memperoleh informasi tentang pengaruh lima jenis cendawan mikoriza arbuskula (CMA) dalam meningkatkan pertumbuhan awal Aquilaria microcarpa Baill.   Bibit Aquilaria microcarpa Baill diinokulasi oleh Entrophospora sp. Ames & Scheneider, Glomus sp. ACA Tulasne & Tulasne,  Glomus sp. ZEA Tulasne & Tulasne,  Glomus clarum Nicholson & Schenk, Gigaspora decipiens Hall & Abbott, dan kontrol (tidak diinokulasi) pada kondisi di persemaian. Paramater yang diukur adalah kolonisasi CMA, pertumbuhan tanaman, kandungan dan serapan N atau P pada jaringan tanaman sampai tanaman berumur 25 minggu.  Kolonisasi CMA pada akar Aquilaria microcarpa  Baill adalah 71-93 %.  Kolonisasi CMA  telah meningkatkan tinggi tanaman, diameter batang, dan berat kering.  Serapan N dan P jaringan tanaman juga meningkat pada tanaman yang dikolonisasi oleh CMA.    Hasil penelitian ini memberikan indikasi bahwa CMA dapat membantu dalam penyediaan bibit Aquilaria microcarpa   Baill yang vigor dan selanjutnya berimplikasi dalam upaya konservasi dan meningkatkan penyediaan produk hasil hutan bukan kayu secara ekonomi dan lestari.
Anatomical Characters of Aquilaria microcarpa Interacting with Fusarium sp Siburian, Rima HS; Siregar, Ulfah J.; Siregar, Iskandar Z.; Santoso, Erdy; Wahyudi, Imam
BIOTROPIA Vol. 20 No. 2 (2013): BIOTROPIA Vol. 20 No. 2 December 2013
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1409.897 KB) | DOI: 10.11598/btb.2013.20.2.258

Abstract

AbstractAquilaria microcarpa is one of agarwood-producing plants, Interaction of pathogenic fungi may cause physiological changes in plants that have an impact on visual changes in cells, tissues or organs of plants. This study aims to determine differences in the anatomical characters of Aquilaria microcarpa that have been inoculated with Fusarium sp. Observations of anatomical characters showed that traits of inoculated and un-inoculated Aquilaria microcarpa in general are partly different. The difference was found in wood color, odor/aroma, the pores of wood and leather inserted visible. Chemical compounds contained in the plant interact with fusarium was Elemol, Baimuxinal, 3-phenyl-2-butanone, chromen-4-one.
Co-Authors A.W. Gunawan, A.W. Djarwanto Djarwanto Erry Purnomo Imam Wahyudi Indrawan, Imam Wahyudi Irnayuli R. Sitepu Irnayuli R. Sitepu, Irnayuli ISKANDAR ZULKARNAEN SIREGAR Keitaro Tawaraya Luciasih Agustini Maman Turjaman Maman Turjaman Turjaman, Maman Turjaman Mitsuru Osaki Ragil S.B. Irianto rima siburian Ronny Tambunan Satoshi Tahara SATRIYAS ILYAS Sihati Suprapti Siti S. Miftahuliyah Sri Komarayati Ulfah Juniarti Siregar Yana Sumarna, Yana Yasuyuki Hashidoko Yutaka Tamai