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Journal : Magna Neurologica

A 61-Years-Old Female with Moyamoya Syndrome: A Case Report Savitri, Martha Oktavia Dewi; Fairuzya, Azmi Farah; Subandi; Imanuddin, Iqbal; Romadhoni, Andry Nur Wahyu Putra; Hosoya, Tomohiro
Magna Neurologica Vol. 3 No. 1 (2025): January
Publisher : Department of Neurology Faculty of Medicine Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/magnaneurologica.v3i1.1119

Abstract

Background: Moyamoya vasculopathy (MMV), like Moyamoya disease (MMD) and Moyamoya syndrome (MMS), is a rare chronic cerebrovascular angiopathy, especially in elderly patients. The incidence onset of MMV were unique with bimodal peak age: 5-10 years old and 25-49 years old. Case: A 61-year-old-female complaint of sudden onset left-sided hemiparesis one month before admission, headache, and forgetfulness. She had history of diabetes mellitus for 3 years. Neurological physical examination found left hemiparesis with motoric strength 4/5. Laboratory findings are unremarkable. Brain MRI with contrast showed infarcts at subcortical regions. Her cerebral DSA examination suggested diffuse multiple stenosis in the anterior circulation and total occlusion of left external and internal carotid artery. “Puff of smoke” and “champagne-bottle like neck sign” were found in DSA imaging, typical signs of MMD. She received aspirin 80 mg as her secondary prevention of another stroke event.  Discussion: MMV case at elderly onset which is similar to prior small study with mean age of 60 years old. Previous study mentioned hypertension (44%) and diabetes mellitus (16%) were found in older MMD patients. Patient was given aspirin 80mg daily. Precautions in this case include taking lifelong antiplatelet, managing diabetes mellitus, and implementing lifestyle modification. This treatment approach was directed to lower concomitant risk of ischemic stroke. Conclusion: We report a case of MMV which was considered as a rare case and a cause of stroke event. The management of this case was directed to control the coexisting condition of ischemic stroke using antiplatelet drug and risk factor management.
Recurrent Brain Abscess in 40-Years-Old Female Associated with Ventricular Septal Defect: A Case Report Fairuzya, Azmi Farah; Savitri, Martha Oktavia Dewi; Prabaningtyas, Hanindia Riani; Watanabe, Yasuhiro; Murakami, Takenobu; Tajiri, Yuki
Magna Neurologica Vol. 3 No. 1 (2025): January
Publisher : Department of Neurology Faculty of Medicine Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/magnaneurologica.v3i1.1123

Abstract

Background: Ventricular septal defect (VSD) is one of the critical risk factors for brain abscess. The unsterile blood in uncontrolled cyanotic congenital heart disease cases will travel to the brain after escaping the filtration mechanism and cause brain abscess. Case: A 40-year-old female presented with a two-week course of moderate headaches, worsening severely four days before admission. Neurological manifestations included attention deficits, dysarthria, right-sided hemiparesis, and proper facial palsy. Laboratory findings indicated leukocytosis and polycythemia. Echocardiography revealed VSD. Brain MRI with contrast suggested a single abscess lesion in the left occipital lobe. A histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis. Antibiotics were administered during hospitalization, with outpatient treatment afterward. A one-month follow-up revealed new symptoms and a subsequent surgical excision. Discussion: Brain abscess remains a challenging and life-threatening case despite advanced diagnostic techniques. Uncontrolled cyanotic heart disease might be an essential risk factor for brain abscess occurrence. Thorough diagnostic examinations must be conducted to establish the diagnosis. The optimal empirical-targeted antibiotic treatment is a cornerstone of management. After antibiotic therapy, a surgical approach must be considered in lesions with large-size or nonoptimal size reduction. It is essential to comprehensively manage brain abscesses and their etiology to reduce the recurrence rate. Conclusion: Brain abscess associated with uncontrolled cyanotic congenital heart disease requires comprehensive treatment involving antibiotics and surgery. Addressing underlying causes and cost-effective follow-ups with clinical and monthly imaging assessments are essential.