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Exploring Spatial Boundaries and Power Relations in John Boyne’s The Boy in the Striped Pyjamas Titin Maharani; Imas Istiani
Anaphora : Journal of Language, Literary, and Cultural Studies Vol. 9 No. 1 (2026): JULY
Publisher : Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya, Prodi sastra Inggris, Fakultas Ilmu Budaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30996/anaphora.v9i1.133499

This study examines how spatial organization and physical boundaries function as instruments of dehumanization in John Boyne’s The Boy in the Striped Pyjamas. Although spatiality has received increasing attention in literary studies, the relationship between the production of space and power in Holocaust narratives remains underexplored, particularly through the combined application of Henri Lefebvre’s and Michel Foucault’s theories. This study aims to analyze how spatial boundaries are represented in the novel and how spatial division operates as a mechanism of power, surveillance, and control over oppressed individuals. Using a qualitative descriptive-analytical approach, this research integrates Lefebvre’s theory of the Production of Space and Foucault’s concept of disciplinary power. Lefebvre’s framework explains how space is socially produced and ideologically shaped by dominant authorities, while Foucault’s perspective examines how spatial arrangements function as technologies of surveillance, discipline, and control. The findings reveal that walls, barbed-wire fences, bedroom windows, trains, and the airtight room symbolize the Nazi regime’s systematic dehumanization. From Lefebvre’s perspective, these spaces represent conceived space, where ideological planning and institutional authority sustain domination and social exclusion. From Foucault’s perspective, spatial division functions as a disciplinary mechanism through identity standardization, characterized by striped pyjamas, hierarchical surveillance, and biopower. This study contributes to literary studies by demonstrating that integrating Lefebvre’s spatial theory and Foucault’s disciplinary power provides a comprehensive framework for interpreting dehumanization in Holocaust fiction while expanding the application of spatial-power theory to the analysis of institutional control, spatial violence, and systematic oppression.

Creating meaning: Developing students understanding of Indigenous community issues in prose class Sri Sumaryani; Imas Istiani; Lutfi Ashar Mauludin; Almira Irwaniyanti Utami
Studies in English Language and Education Vol 11, No 3 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24815/siele.v11i3.34979

This study investigated the significance of discussing a literary work written by an Indigenous American author to students general understanding of the socio-cultural, economic, and political issues of the Indigenous communities (ICs) in Indonesia. A total of 153 students who enrolled in the Prose Class at the English Literature Study Program at Universitas Negeri Semarang participated in the study. This study adopted a pedagogical application model consisting of pre-reading activities, general comprehension, and connecting literary text with social context. The treatment was part of an attempt to incorporate local ICs content in the learning process and make it mainstream. This research employed a mixed method, and the participants completed the pre and post-tests as the quantitative data. In addition, an open-ended questionnaire and observation were used to collect the qualitative data. We employed Freires critical pedagogy to descriptively analyze the treatment process and results. The findings revealed that the treatment improved the students understanding of the issues faced by the ICs in Indonesia. They could comment critically on the issues during the discussion activity and fill in the knowledge gaps in the pre-test result. This study also suggested the integration and discussion of the ICs local values and issues into the education materials and texts to develop students critical thinking skills.

The Impact of Cultural Mixing on Zainichi’s Individual Identity in The Novel Pachinko Sherly Amri; Imas Istiani
TRANS-KATA: Journal of Language, Literature, Culture and Education Vol. 5 No. 1 (2024): TRANS-KATA: Journal of Language, Literature, Culture, and Education
Publisher : TRANSBAHASA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54923/jllce.v5i1.108

Postcolonial literary studies aim to explore the impact of colonization, especially in the context of individual identity. The colonized identity is closely related to the culture of the colonizer who controls the territory. In the phenomenon of colonization, cultural clashes between colonizers and colonized are inevitable, which over time will undergo a process of assimilation referred to as a cultural hybrid in the postcolonial studies. The representation of cultural mixing consciously or unconsciously permeates the culture and life of society. This study explores the impact of cultural mixing on Zainichi's individual identity in the novel Pachinko by Min Jin Lee. Using a descriptive qualitative postcolonial approach, utilizing Homi K. Bhabha's hybridity theory and Stuart Hall's cultural identity to reveal the impact of cultural mixing on Zainichi's individual identity in each generation. This research finds that the realization of cultural assimilation goes through a very long stage. As experienced by several Zainichi characters from different generations, the process of achieving cultural assimilation has an impact on their identity and nationality. In addition, this research also provides an understanding that the development of Zainichi's search for identity is heading in a more stable direction.

Defeating racism on African-Americans through music statements and achievements: An analysis of severals Kendrick Lamar’s album Kosmas Merguna Ganda Manik; Imas Istiani
Rainbow: Journal of Literature, Linguistics and Culture Studies Vol. 14 (2025): Special Issue
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/rainbow.v14i.30358

This article examines how Kendrick Lamar’s music serves as a powerful confronting and defeating racism against African Americans through his lyrical statements and artistic achievements. Focusing on several of his seminal albums including Section.80, good kid, m.A.A.d city, To Pimp a Butterfly, and DAMN.—the analysis highlights Lamar’s incisive critique of systemic and institutionalized racism, police brutality, and cultural marginalization. His work not only exposes the structural inequalities faced by Black communities but also explores themes of identity, resilience, and empowerment, offering a nuanced portrayal of African-American life in contemporary America. By unpacking key songs and their socio-political contexts, this study reveals how Lamar’s music transcends entertainment to become a form of cultural resistance and social activism. Moreover, the article discusses the broader impact of Lamar’s achievements, including his role in shaping public discourse on race and inspiring collective empowerment within and beyond the African-American community. Ultimately, this analysis situates Kendrick Lamar as a pivotal figure whose artistic contributions significantly advance the struggle against racism through the transformative power of music.

Exploring Human Natures in The Contemporary Society through the Representation of the Characters in The Little Prince Novel Satria Aji Saputra; Imas Istiani
Rainbow: Journal of Literature, Linguistics and Culture Studies Vol. 15 No. 2 (2026): Special Issue
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/rainbow.v15i2.57339

This study aims to examine how the various characters encountered by the protagonist in The Little Prince are portrayed. This is done with the aim of exploring the underlying meaning of these interactions and their reflection on Lacanian psychoanalysis. Specifically, this paper applies Jacques Lacan's psychoanalytic model, comparing the characters and their actions based on his three main registers, including Imaginary, Symbolic, and Real. This research paper uses a qualitative research approach related to textual analysis. This is done through close reading, character analysis, and direct application of Lacanian theory, using excerpts from the novel as primary evidence. The results show that the characters' actions and dialogues are representative of the psychological situations and deficiencies of contemporary adult society. Furthermore, the consequences of the protagonist's interplanetary journey in The Little Prince demonstrate profound psychological movements, the shock of Imagination, the disintegration of the Symbolic order, and a final encounter with the existential emptiness of Reality on the planet. Ultimately, this study is a critical reflection, and encourages adults to question the values and principles accepted in society that they have adopted in contemporary life.

The Infidelity of Using Detective Story Formula in Enola Holmes Film Adaptation Sabani, Irbatun; Istiani, Imas
Wanastra: Jurnal Bahasa dan Sastra Vol. 16 No. 2 (2024): September
Publisher : LPPM Universitas Bina Sarana Informatika

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31294/wanastra.v16i2.11775

Adapting a novel into a movie combines creative art and technical challenges. The film director is required to make the novel story that is lifted to the big screen have uniqueness from creative ideas with limited film duration, various creative interpretations, and commercial interests. The process will result in two-story forms: maintaining the novel's authenticity or changing specific components. Therefore, this research compares Nancy Springer's Enola Holmes novel, published in 2006, and Harry Bradbeer's film adaptation, released in 2020. This comparison is carried out to find the fidelity or infidelity of using the detective story formula in the Enola Holmes film related to the director's creativity and the technical challenges in the adaptation process. Using the descriptive qualitative method and Cawelti's detective story formula theory, the result of data analysis shows that Enola Holmes' novel is classified into the classic detective story formula. At the same time, the movie adaptation is categorized into the hard-boiled detective story formula. This theory is applied through the differences between the focus of the story, the setting, and the role of women. These differences lead to infidelity in using detective formulas that aim to develop and clarify the storyline and make some things more realistic when the novel's story is adapted into a movie that refers to commercial interests and audience satisfaction.

The Infidelity of Using Detective Story Formula in Enola Holmes Film Adaptation Sabani, Irbatun; Istiani, Imas
Wanastra: Jurnal Bahasa dan Sastra Vol 16, No 2 (2024): September 2024
Publisher : LPPM Universitas Bina Sarana Informatika

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31294/wanastra.v16i2.22493

Adapting a novel into a movie combines creative art and technical challenges. The film director is required to make the novel story that is lifted to the big screen have uniqueness from creative ideas with limited film duration, various creative interpretations, and commercial interests. The process will result in two-story forms: maintaining the novel's authenticity or changing specific components. Therefore, this research compares Nancy Springer's Enola Holmes novel, published in 2006, and Harry Bradbeer's film adaptation, released in 2020. This comparison is carried out to find the fidelity or infidelity of using the detective story formula in the Enola Holmes film related to the director's creativity and the technical challenges in the adaptation process. Using the descriptive qualitative method and Cawelti's detective story formula theory, the result of data analysis shows that Enola Holmes' novel is classified into the classic detective story formula. At the same time, the movie adaptation is categorized into the hard-boiled detective story formula. This theory is applied through the differences between the focus of the story, the setting, and the role of women. These differences lead to infidelity in using detective formulas that aim to develop and clarify the storyline and make some things more realistic when the novel's story is adapted into a movie that refers to commercial interests and audience satisfaction.

Representation of ecological issues through satire in Winston Groom’s Gump & Co.: An ecocritical study Muhammad Rafy; Imas Istiani
E-Structural (English Studies on Translation, Culture, Literature, and Linguistics) Vol. 9 No. 02 (2026): December 2026
Publisher : Universitas Dian Nuswantoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

This paper explores the depiction of the ecological crisis through satire in Winston Groom's Gump & Co., from an ecocritical perspective. The purpose of the present research is to trace and understand different types of ecological criticism inherent in the satirical narration in the novel. This research employs the technique of qualitative textual analysis of specific events in the story, dialogue, and points of view connected with human-environment relationships. It was found that satire is an effective narrative technique that raises awareness of environmental problems such as over-exploitation of natural resources, pollution, and commodification of nature, as well as socioecological consequences of losing biodiversity. Unlike in films where negative human activities are made to appear normal, they are depicted as clearly unreasonable and unethical in the novel. According to the results obtained, the use of satire in the novel significantly contributes to the formation of ecological consciousness as readers are given opportunity to reconsider their attitude towards nature without obligatory moral preaching. Thus, the research proves that popular literary works can to take part in environmental debate through depicting ecological problems in a simplified way.

The Struggles Of The Low-Caste Untouchables In The God Of Small Things In Navigating Crisis Of Modernity Fitri Nurjanah; Imas Istiani
Eralingua: Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa Asing dan Sastra Vol 9, No 1 (2025): ERALINGUA
Publisher : Makassar State University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26858/eralingua.v9i1.69068

The God of Small Things by Arundhati Roy depicts in depth the crisis of modernity faced by the lower caste Untouchables, primarily through the character of Velutha. Modernity itself is an emerging value in a society that is associated with domination over irrationality. The main conflict at issue in this research is the clash that occurs in traditional Indian society represented by the upper-caste, Touchable, and the low-caste, Untouchable. Caste discrimination as a form of conflict is still deeply embedded in Indian society. The low caste, commonly referred to as Untouchables, experience many difficulties in their struggle for identity and in rationalizing thoughts that are constrained by the culture of society that continues to view them with the stigma of lower caste. The struggle of the Untouchables against the power structure at that time was divided into several difficult phases, such as the case of Velutha's forbidden relationship with an upper caste named Ammu. Thus, it was found that the main enemy in their struggle was the social norms of the society itself. The conclusion was that the conflict between tradition and modernity remained deeply rooted, and hopes for change and equality failed to be achieved. This is the final finding of this research, named a crisis of modernity. The implication is the need to continue to fight for individual rights and against all forms of discrimination, as well as supporting social change that is equitable for all.

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