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SINDROM METABOLIK PADA ORANG DEWASA DI KOTA BOGOR, 2011-2012 Sirait, Anna Maria; Sulistiowati, Eva
Media Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan Vol 24, No 2 Jun (2014)
Publisher : Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan

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Abstract

AbstrakUntuk mengetahui prevalensi sindrom metabolik pada orang dewasa di Kota Bogor. Data diperoleh dari data baseline Studi Kohor Penyakit Tidak Menular di Kota Bogor yang dilakukan pada tahun 2011 dan 2012. Sampel adalah penduduk tetap yang berumur 25-65 tahun di 5 kelurahan, Kota Bogor. Dari 5000 responden, hanya 4507 yang dapat dianalisis yaitu 36,2% laki-laki dan 63,8% perempuan. Semua responden dilakukan wawancara, pemeriksaan fisik dan pemeriksaan laboratorium.Diagnosis sindrome metabolik didasarkan pada kriteria National Cholesterol  Education  Program  Adult  Treatment  Panel  (NCEP-ATP  III)  yang  telah  disesuaikan  dengan  orang Asia.Prevalensi sindrome metabolik 18,7%, pada perempuan 21,2% dan pada laki-laki 14,1% dengan p<0,001. Ditemukan komponen sindrome metabolik yaitu obesitas sentral, HDL rendah,hipertensi, hipertrigliserida dan hiperglikemi masing-masing 44,7%, 35,3%, 29,2%, 19,5%, 12,9%. Dibanding perempuan, laki-laki mempunyai ORadj 1,63 dengan 95% CI 1,38-1,93. Risiko sindrome metabolik meningkat dengan bertambahnya umur. Dibanding dengan umur 25-34 tahun, ORadj1,170 dengan 95% CI 0,96-1,42 pada umur 35-44 tahun, ORadj2,02 dengan 95% CI 1,64-2,50 pada umur 45-54 tahun dan ORadj 4,39 dengan 95% CI 3,32-5,79 pada umur 55-65 tahun. Dibanding kurus diperoleh ORadj3,45 dengan 95% CI 2,74-4,34 pada normal; ORadj14,51 dengan 95% CI 10,67-19,75 pada gemuk dan ORadj40,33 dengan 95% CI 14,98-108,58 pada obese. Aktivitas fisik nampaknya kecil pengaruhnya pada risiko terjadinya sindrome metabolik. Perlu dilakukan pendidikan kesehatan tentang pola hidup sehat. Bagi yang terlanjur obesitas perlu dilakukan olah raga untuk mengurangi berat badannya.Kata Kunci : sindrome metabolik, umur, Index Masa Tubuh, aktivitas fisik, BogorAbstractThe Objective of this study is to measure prevalence of metabolic syndrome among adult in Bogor city. The method study is using baseline  data  of  Cohort  Study  on  Non  Communicable  Disease  in  Bogor  city,  2011-2012.  Study samples are permanent residents aged 25-65 years in 5 villages, Bogor city. From 5000 data residents, only 4507 which composed of 36.2% male and 63.8% can be analyzed. Data collection was conducted through interview, physical examination, and laboratory examination. Diagnosis of metabolic syndrome was made based on modified National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel (NCEP-ATP III) adapted for Asian people. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome among Indonesian adult in Bogor city is 18,7% (21,2% female and 14,1% males, p<0.001). The biggest component of metabolic syndrome was central obesity (44,7%) followed by low level of HDL cholesterol, hypertension, hyper-triglyceride and hyperglycemia (35.3%, 29.2%, 19.5% and 12.9%) respectively. Using female as reference class, the OR of male to suffer metabolic syndrome was 1,63 (95% CI 1.38-1.93). The Odds Ratio to suffer metabolic syndrome increased with their increasing age. Using 25-34 years as reference class, the Odds Ratio of residents aged 35-44, 45-55 and 55-65 years to suffer metabolic syndrome were 1.17 (95% CI 0.96-1.42), 2.02 (95% CI 1.64-2.5), 4.39 (95% CI 3.32-5.79) respectively. Using underweight residents as reference class the Odds Ratioof normal weight, overweight and obesity to suffer metabolic syndrome were 3.45 (95% CI 2.74-4.34), 14.51 (95% CI 10.67-19.75) and 40.33 (95% CI 14.98-108.58) respectively. Physical activity seemed have no significant effects on the onset of metabolic syndrome. Health education needs to be done (about the lifestyle) is needed to be conducted. For those who are obese need to do to lose weight.Keywords : metabolic syndrome, aged, Body Mass Index, physical activity, Bogor
NCEP-ATP III and IDF criteria for metabolic syndrome predict type 2 diabetes mellitus Sulistiowati, Eva; Sihombing, Marice
Universa Medicina Vol 35, No 1 (2016)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Trisakti University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2016.v35.46-55

Abstract

BackgroundSubjects with metabolic syndrome (MetS) have a greater risk for acquiring type 2 diabetes mellitus (type 2 DM). The MetS criteria usually used are those of the National Cholesterol Education Program Expert Panel (NCEP) and Adult Treatment Panel III (ATP III) and of the International Diabetes Federation (IDF). This study aimed to evaluate the modified NCEP-ATP III and IDF criteria as predictor of type 2 DM among subjects with MetS. MethodsA cohort study was conducted among 4240 subjects with MetS. MetS was determined according to the modified NCEP-ATP III and IDF criteria. The study followed up 3324 non-diabetic subjects of the cohort study of non-communicable disease (NCD) risk factors (NCD study) during a 2-year period. Type 2 DM was determined from the diagnosis by health personnel or from fasting blood glucose of ≥126 mg/dL or blood glucose of ≥200 mg/dL, 2 hours after 75g glucose loading. ResultsThe MetS prevalence based on modified NCEP ATP III and IDF criteria in non-DM subjects was 17.1% and 15.6%, respectively. The risk for DM in subjects with MetS using modified NCEP ATP III and IDF criteria was 4.7 (CI 95%: 3.4-6.5) and 4.1 (CI 95%: 3.0-5.7), respectively. ConclusionsBoth MetS criteria can be used as predictors of the occurrence of DM type 2, but the modified NCEP-ATP III is more properly applied than the IDF criteria in subjects with MetS. Screening programs and routine monitoring of MetS components are required for early detection of type 2 DM.
Hubungan Merokok Dengan Status Kesehatan Pada Orang Dewasa Indonesia (> 45 Tahun), RISKESDAS 2013 Sirait, Anna Maria; Sulistiowati, Eva; Rahajeng, Ekowati
Publikasi Penelitian Terapan dan Kebijakan Vol 9 No 1 (2015): Jurnal Pembangunan Manusia
Publisher : Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Daerah Provinsi Sumatera Selatan

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Abstract

Determinants of diabetes comorbidities in Indonesia: a cohort study of non-communicable disease risk factor Kristanti, Dewi; Rahajeng, Ekowati; Sulistiowati, Eva; Kusumawardani, Nunik; Dany, Frans
Universa Medicina Vol. 40 No. 1 (2021)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2021.v40.3-13

Abstract

BackgroundType 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) is a non-communicable disease that constitutes a huge health burden, with the presence of comorbidities of DM adding to it. This study aimed to obtain the main determinants of the combined incidence of DM and its main comorbidities in adults.MethodsThis was a further analysis of the Non-Communicable Disease Risk Factor Cohort Study 2011 – 2018 involving 3730 subjects. Data of diabetes-free respondents at baseline were followed up every 2 years for 6 years. Data collection was carried out through interviews and health examinations. All subjects were assayed for blood glucose and lipid parameters. Chi-square test and Cox regression were implemented for data analysis.ResultsDuring 6 years of follow-up, DM incidence occurred in 567 (15.2%) subjects. The most common comorbidities were increased low density lipoprotein (LDL), central obesity, increased total cholesterol, obesity and hypertension. Most of the comorbidities occurred before the diagnosis of DM incidence. The determinants of the combined DM incidence–increased LDL are obesity, hypertension, and a family history of DM. The determinants of the combined DM incidence–central obesity are increased triglycerides, hypertension, male gender, and family history of DM. While the determinants of the combined DM incidence–hypertension are obesity and increased triglycerides.CONCLUSIONThis study demonstrated a high burden of diabetes incidence with comorbidities among adults. Knowledge of the magnitude of the diabetescomorbidity determinants emphasizes the role of non pharmacological intervention such as weight reduction and dietary modification.
Faktor Risiko Penyakit Tidak Menular pada Responden Terindikasi Strok Berdasarkan Penelitian Kohor Penyakit Tidak Menular Bogor 2011-2013 Idaiani, Sri; Sulistiowati, Eva; Sapardin, Aprildah Nur
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 44, No 2 (2017): Neurologi
Publisher : PT. Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (202.648 KB) | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v44i2.815

Abstract

Pendahuluan: Strok memiliki beban penyakit yang tinggi. Insiden, prevalensi serta angka kematian strok terus meningkat. Tujuan analisis ini adalah untuk memperlihatkan gambaran responden penelitian kohor penyakit tidak menular (PTM) di Kota Bogor yang terindikasi menderita strok. Metode: Analisis data penelitian kohor PTM. Data diperoleh melalui wawancara, pemeriksaan klinis dan pemeriksaan laboratorium kimia darah. Jumlah responden yang mengikuti penelitian awal di tahun 2011 sebanyak 2351 orang, pada tahun 2013 sebanyak 1633 orang. Responden yang mengikuti pemeriksaan neurologi secara konsisten sebanyak 25 orang, umur 25-64 tahun, tinggal di Kelurahan Kebon Kalapa Kota Bogor. Hasil: Lebih dari 50% responden mempunyai tekanan darah tinggi, berat badan tidak normal dan hiperkolesterolemia, diabetes melitus dan stres. Pemeriksaan neurologi menunjukkan sekitar 70% responden terdapat gejala strok pada tahun 2011 dan sekitar 45% pada tahun 2013. Fungsi kognitif buruk ditemui pada 20-30% responden. Simpulan: Sebagian besar responden sudah memiliki faktor risiko PTM, tidak semuanya mengalami strok. Mereka disarankan agar dipantau berkala oleh tim kohor PTM, kader Posbindu dan juga oleh Puskesmas terdekat.Introduction: Stroke is a disease that contributes to burden of disease. The incidence, prevalence and mortality rate are increasing. The aim of this study is to obtain the characteristics of non-communicable disease (NCD) cohort study respondents in Bogor indicated to have stroke. Methods: Analysis of NCD cohort study. Data were collected by interview, clinical and laboratory examinations. The respondents in 2011 were 2351 people, and 1633 people in 2013. Respondents with consistent neurological examination were 25 people, 25-64 years old, living in Kebon Kalapa Bogor. Result: More than 50% respondents have high blood pressure, abnormal body weight, hypercholesterolemia, diabetes mellitus and stress. Approximately 70% respondents have stroke symptoms in 2011 and 45% in 2013. Cognitive impairment was found in 20%-30% respondents. Conclusion: Majority of respondents have NCD risk factors, not all of them suffered from stroke. It was suggested to monitor them by cohort study team, Posbindu cadre or health worker from Primary Health Center.