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DAMPAK PERUBAHAN IKLIM TERHADAP PRODUKSI JAMBU METE DAN UPAYA PENANGGULANGANNYA Supriadi, Handi; Heryana, Nana
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 2, No 2 (2011): Buletin Riset Tanaman Rempah dan Aneka Tanaman Industri
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

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Abstract

Impact of climate change on cashew production and efforts of countermeasures. Climate change occurs due to the increasing content of greenhouse gases (GHGs)  in the air, mostly resulting from the rapidly growing industrialization. As a result of climate change causes: (1) the earths temperature increased, (2) extreme climate events (climatic anomalies) increased, as events Enso (El-Nino that caused drought and La-Nina causes floods), (3) a decrease and an increase air temperature extremes, (4) changes in rainfall patterns and (5) rise in sea levels and rob. The climate change was significant effect on the reducing of cashew nut production. The rain that fell throughout the year in 2010 resulted in cashew production fell drastically, as in Wonogiri, Central Java (48.75 to 50.85%) and Muna, Southeast Sulawesi (93.63%). The impacts of climate change can be reduction  through the anticipation, adaption and mitigation. Anticipation performed by conducting assessment of agricultural resources, improvement of agricultural structure and infrastructure, imfrovement of  farming system and agribusiness, and management of socio-economi and cultural.  Technologi adaptation was done through the development of varieties tolerant to climate change and  the use of water saving technologies.  While migitation technology that can be applied are: planting cashew, cashew waste utilization, land management and use of organic fertilizers.
DAMPAK PERUBAHAN IKLIM TERHADAP PRODUKSI JAMBU METE DAN UPAYA PENANGGULANGANNYA Supriadi, Handi; Heryana, Nana
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 2, No 2 (2011): Buletin Riset Tanaman Rempah Dan Aneka Tanaman Industri
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

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Abstract

Impact of climate change on cashew production and efforts of countermeasures. Climate change occurs due to the increasing content of greenhouse gases (GHGs)  in the air, mostly resulting from the rapidly growing industrialization. As a result of climate change causes: (1) the earths temperature increased, (2) extreme climate events (climatic anomalies) increased, as events Enso (El-Nino that caused drought and La-Nina causes floods), (3) a decrease and an increase air temperature extremes, (4) changes in rainfall patterns and (5) rise in sea levels and rob. The climate change was significant effect on the reducing of cashew nut production. The rain that fell throughout the year in 2010 resulted in cashew production fell drastically, as in Wonogiri, Central Java (48.75 to 50.85%) and Muna, Southeast Sulawesi (93.63%). The impacts of climate change can be reduction  through the anticipation, adaption and mitigation. Anticipation performed by conducting assessment of agricultural resources, improvement of agricultural structure and infrastructure, imfrovement of  farming system and agribusiness, and management of socio-economi and cultural.  Technologi adaptation was done through the development of varieties tolerant to climate change and  the use of water saving technologies.  While migitation technology that can be applied are: planting cashew, cashew waste utilization, land management and use of organic fertilizers.
EVALUASI KETAHANAN SEPULUH AKSESI JAMBU METE TERHADAP PENYAKIT BUSUK AKAR FUSARIUM Supriadi, Handi; Taufik, Efi; Harni, Rita
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 2, No 2 (2011): Buletin Riset Tanaman Rempah Dan Aneka Tanaman Industri
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

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Abstract

Evaluation of resistancies of ten accessions of cashew to fusarium root rot disease. Cashew is a commodity that has an important role in improving the welfare of farmers, especially in areas with dry climates and poor nutrients. One obstacle in the development of cashew nut is the presence of Fusarium  attacks that can shut down the plant in the nursery. Research evaluation of resistancies of ten accessions of cashew against Fusarium root rot disease, which aimed to get the accessions that resistant to Fusarium root rotdisease has been conducted in the Laboratory and Greenhouse of Indonesian Spices and Industrial Crops Rresearch Institute (ISICRI) January to December 2009. Research using completely randomized design with 10 treatments and three replications. Treatments were the type of accsession namely Arsyad Labone, Sri Lanka,JT-21, Laode Head, Laode Gani, Sleman Red, Nigeria, Laode Kase, JN 26, NDR-31. The result obtained one cashew accessions highly resistant namely JN-26, and two accessions that resistant that is Laode Gani, and Sleman Red with root rot disease incidence of each 0; 6.67, and 9.52% at the age of two months after inoculation.
Peran Tanaman Karet dalam Mitigasi Perubahan Iklim Supriadi, Handi
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 3, No 1 (2012): Buletin Riset Tanaman Rempah Dan Aneka Tanaman Industri
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

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Terjadinya perubahan iklim pada saat ini telah mengkibatkan dampak buruk terhadap kehidupan makhluk hidup di permukaan bumi.  Kekeringan, banjir atau rob,  gelombang udara panas,  dan badai merupakan beberapa contoh yang disebabkan oleh perubahan iklim.  Pada sektor pertanian,  kondisi tersebut akan menyebabkan produksi tanaman  mengalami penurunan yang cukup signifikan sehingga mengganggu ketahanan pangan nasional dan menurunkan pendapatan petani dan devisa negara. Penyebab utama terjadinya perubahan iklim adalah meningkatnya emisi gas rumah kaca (terutama gas CO2) di udara, yang dihasilkan oleh  aktivitas manusia (antropogenik).  Untuk mengurangi emisi gas CO2 Pemerintah Republik Indonesia  telah mencanangkan  Rencana Aksi Nasional Penurunan Emisi Gas Rumah Kaca (RAN-GRK) sesuai Peraturan Presiden Nomor 61 tahun 2011. Salah satu kegiatan utamanya adalah penanaman  105.200 ha tanaman karet.  Peran ekologis tanaman karet yaitu tajuknya dapat menyerap  gas CO2 dari udara dan dari hasil biji karet dapat dibuat biodiesel dengan gas buang CO2 yang lebih rendah dari bahan bakar minyak (solar), sehingga tanaman karet mempunyai peran yang penting dalam mengurangi kejadian perubahan iklim (mitigasi).  Jumlah CO2 yang diserap oleh tanaman karet bervariasi tergantung kepada umur tanaman, kondisi tanaman, kesuburan tanah, dan teknis budidaya yang diterapkan.  Rata-rata stok karbon  pada karet tradional (perkebunan rakyat) 19,8 ton C/ha, sedangkan pada karet klon unggul (perkebunan besar) 42,4 ton C/ha.  Jumlah gas CO2 yang diserap oleh perkebunan karet di Indonesia  mencapai 291,16 Mton CO2e.  Potensi produksi biodiesel dari RSO di Indonesia mencapai 424.460 ton. Campuran solar dan biodiesel dari RSO dapat menurunkan emisi gas buang CO2 sebesar 40,14%. Role of rubber plant in climate change mitigationABSTRACT Climate change happened and resulted in adverse effect of our life on the earths surface. Droughts, floods, or rob, heatwaves, and hurricanes happened recently of incident that might be caused by climate change. In the agricultural sector, these conditions will lead to reduction of yields significantly, in turn disrupt the national food security and reduce foreign exchange. Major factor that may induce climate change is the increased greenhouse gas emissions primarily CO2 in air, generated by human activity  (anthropogenic). To reduce emissions of CO2 gas,  Government of Indonesia has launched the National Action Plan for Reducing Emissions of Greenhouse Gases (RAN-GRK) through Presidential Decree No. 61 of 2011. One of the main activity is the planting of 105,200 ha of  rubber trees. Ecological role of the rubber plant  is an sequestration CO2 from the air. Moreover, rubber yielded may be converted into biodiesel fuel having CO2 content being lower than diesel oil in otherwords, rubber plant has an important role in reducing of  incidences of climate change (mitigation).  The amount  of CO2 is sequestrated by rubber plant varies depending on the age of the plant, crop conditions, soil fertility and technical cultivation applied. Average of carbon stock of those rubber plants cultivated traditionally was 19.8 ton C / ha, while those superior clone ones was 42.4 ton C/ha. The  amount of CO2 gas sequestrated by rubber in Indonesia  reached of 291.16 Mton CO2e. Potentially biodiesel production developed from the RSO in Indonesia reached   424,460 ton, blending of diesel oil and biodiesel from RSO able to reduce CO2 emissions of 40.14%.  
Kesesuaian Batang Bawah dan Batang Atas pada Grafting Jambu Mete Supriadi, Handi; Heryana, Nana
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 3, No 2 (2012): Buletin Riset Tanaman Rempah Dan Aneka Tanaman Industri
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

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Produktivitas jambu mete Indonesia sampai saat ini masih tergolong rendah, penyebabnya antara lain: penggunaan bahan tanaman asalan, perbanyakan bahan tanaman yang masih menggunakan biji, dan belum diterapkannya teknologi budidaya anjuran. Usaha untuk meningkatkan produktivitas jambu mete salah satunya dapat dilakukan melalui perbaikan teknik kultivasi yaitu penggunaan bahan tanaman yang dikembangkan secara grafting dengan menggunakan batang atas dari varietas unggul dan batang bawah lokal terpilih. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengevaluasi tampilan pertumbuhan empat kombinasi grafting jambu mete dengan batang atas asal varietas unggul  dan batang bawah lokal terpilih di lapangan. Penelitian di lakukan di kebun percobaan (KP) Cikampek dari Januari 2009 sampai Desember 2011 dalam dua tahap. Tahap pertama (tahun 2009-2010) dilakukan di tingkat pembibitan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok dan tiga ulangan. Perlakukan yang diuji yaitu: S1 (Tanjung Bunga + Meteor JK), S2 (Tanjung Bunga + B O2),  S3 (Tanjung Bunga + SM 9),  S4 (Tiwatobi + Meteor JK), S5 (Tiwatobi + B O2), S6 (Tiwatobi + SM 9), S7 (Ende + Meteor JK), S8 (Ende + B O2) dan S9 (Ende + SM 9).  Penelitian tahap kedua (tahun 2010 – 2011) dilakukan di lapangan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok dan enam ulangan. Perlakuan yang di uji adalah  empat kombinasi grafting jambu mete yaitu: G1 (Tanjung Bunga + Meteor JK), G2 (Tanjung Bunga + B 02), G3 (Tiwatobi + Meteor JK), dan G4 (Ende + B 02).  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada pembibitan kombinasi grafting S1 mempunyai persentase keberhasilan yang nyata lebih tinggi dibandingkan kombinasi S2, S3, S4, S5, S6, S7 dan S9, kecuali dengan kombinasi S8  tidak berbeda nyata. Pada tingkat lapang kombinasi grafting G1 sampai umur enam bulan di lapang menunjukkan pertumbuhan terbaik yang nyata lebih baik  dibandingkan kombinasi grafting  G2, G3, dan G4.  Koefisien korelasi antara komponen pertumbuhan (tinggi tanaman, diameter batang, lebar tajuk, jumlah cabang dan jumlah daun) pada grafting jambu mete mempunyai nilai nyata positif. Suitability of Rootstocks and Scions in Cashew Grafting ABSTRACT Indonesian cashew productivity is still relatively low mainly due to the use of imferior planting materials developed from seeds, and improper cultural practices applied by farmers. An effort to increase the productivity of cashew is the use of grafted seedlings developed from combination of scions of high yielding varieties and locally selected cashew accessions as rootstock. The objective of this study was to evaluate growth performance of grafted cashew developed from combination of scions of two high yielding varieties and three locally elected accessions. The study was conducted at Cikampek Research Station from January 2009 to December 2011, in two sequent phases. The first phase  (years 2009 to 2010) was conducted at the nursery level by using a randomized block design with three replications. Treatments tested were: S1 (Tanjung Bunga + Meteor JK), S2 (Tanjung Bunga + B O2), S3 (Tanjung Bunga + SM 9),  S4 (Tiwatobi + Meteor JK), S5 (Tiwatobi + B O2),  S6 (Tiwatobi + SM 9),  S7 (Ende + Meteor JK),  S8 (Ende + B O2) and S9 (Ende + SM 9). The second phase was carried out in years 2010 to 2011 at the field level.  A randomized block design with six replications was used.  The treatments tested were four combination of grafted cashew, namely: G1 (Tanjung Bunga + Meteor JK), G2 (Tanjung Bunga + B 02), G3 (Tiwatobi + Meteor JK), dan  G4 (Ende + B 02). Results showed  at the nursery level, the combination of  S1 had the highest rate of success being significantly higher than those of S2, S3, S4, S5, S6, S7 and S9, but  not for S8. At the field level, the combination G1 accessions yielded the best one. It was much better than those of G2, G3, and G4. Correlation coefficient between the components of growth (plant height, stem diameter, crown width, number of branches and number of leaves) on the grafting of cashew  has a positive value significantly.
Ketahanan 13 Nomor Koleksi Plasma Nutfah Jambu Mete terhadap Penyakit Busuk Akar Fusarium Dani, Dani; Taufiq, Efi; Supriadi, Handi; Randriani, Enny; Wicaksono, Ilham Nur Ardhi
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 3, No 2 (2012): Buletin Riset Tanaman Rempah Dan Aneka Tanaman Industri
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

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Busuk akar Fusarium merupakan salah satu penyakit penting yang menyerang tanaman jambu mete pada fase bibit maupun dewasa. Oleh sebab itu, upaya perakitan varietas tanaman jambu mete yang tahan terhadap serangan penyakit tersebut perlu dilakukan. Tujuan penelitian adalah menguji ketahanan nomor-nomor koleksi plasma nutfah jambu mete terhadap serangan penyakit busuk akar Fusarium. Seleksi dilakukan terhadap bibit hasil persarian terbuka dari 13 nomor aksesi jambu mete koleksi plasma nutfah di Kebun Percobaan (KP) Cikampek. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada fase bibit di dalam rumah plastik dengan naungan paranet intensitas 50% di KP Pakuwon. Perlakuan disusun dalam Rancangan Acak Kelompok dengan tiga ulangan. Inokulasi buatan menggunakan isolat Fusarium sp. dari tanah yang dicairkan sampai kepadatan konidia 108 konidia/ml. Hasil pengamatan menujukkan bahwa seluruh nomor aksesi jambu mete yang diuji tidak tahan terhadap serangan penyakit busuk akar Fusarium. Persentase kejadian penyakit paling tinggi ditunjukkan oleh nomor aksesi Lembor 2, M Z Lux, dan Ekoae Kecil, yaitu mencapai 93,33%, sedangkan aksesi JN 26 menunjukkan persentase kejadian sebesar 63,33%. Tingkat keparahan penyakit paling tinggi ditunjukkan oleh nomor aksesi Menini 15, yaitu mencapai 83,56%, meskipun secara statistik tidak berbeda nyata dengan Kodi 2 dan Kobawani yang masing-masing 82,92% dan 82,48%.  Resistance of 13 Cashew Germplasm Accessions to Fusarium Root Rot Disease ABSTRACT Root rot caused by Fusarium is an important cashew disease which attacks any stage of cashew growing from seedlings to adult plant. Therefore, findings of new cashew variety being resistant to the disease should be done in breeding program. The aim of this work was to assess resistance of cashew accession numbers to the disease. Cashew seedlings derived from open pollinated of 13 cashew accessions were observed at germplasm collection of the crop planted at Cikampek Research Station. This work was held in nursery with 50% light intensity of paranet at Pakuwon Research Station. Treatments were arranged in randomized complete block design with three replications. Artificial innoculation used Fusarium isolated from soil was diluted in sterilized water with density of 108 conidia/ml was innoculated to the seedlings. Result showed that allf cashew accessions tested were sucecptable to the disease attack. Lembor 2, M Z Lux, and small Ekoae accessions revealed high in disease incidence which reached 93.33%. Whereas, JN 26 showed the lowest disease incidence, i.e. only 63.33%. The most severe disease symptom was show by Menini 15 (83.56%), although it was not significantly different from Kodi 2 and Kobawani reaching of 82.92% and 82.48%, respectively.
EVALUASI PRODUKSI DAN FISIKO-KIMIA MINYAK CENGKEH ZANZIBAR GORONTALO Supriadi, Handi; Syafaruddin, Syafaruddin; Bermawie, Nurliani; Hadad EA, Mochamad
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 3, No 3 (2012): Buletin Riset Tanaman Rempah Dan Aneka Tanaman Industri
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Cengkeh Zanzibar Gorontalo telah lama dijadikan sebagai sumber benih oleh petani cengkeh di Provinsi Gorontalo karena cengkeh tersebut memiliki keunggulan yaitu berproduksi tinggi dan aroma bunganya disukai oleh banyak pabrik rokok  kretek. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi produksi, fisiko-kimia minyak dan karakteristik morfologi 17 pohon induk cengkeh Zanzibar Gorontalo yang sudah digunakan sebagai sumber benih oleh petani. Kegiatan dilaksanakan di Desa Taludaa, Kabupaten Bone Bolango, Gorontalo, mulai Januari sampai September 2012, dengan metode survei. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa cengkeh Zanzibar Gorontalo memiliki produksi bunga basah lebih tinggi dibandingkan cengkeh Afo dan komposit Zanzibar Karo. Pohon induk tersebut memiliki mutu bunga cengkeh yang baik dengan kadar minyak atsiri 19,94-23,00% dan kadar eugenol total 87,43-93,00%. Ukuran bunga lebih besar dengan aroma bunga khas, serta seragam dalam penampilan karakter vegetatif dan generatif tanaman.EVALUATION OF GORONTALO ZANZIBAR CLOVE PRODUCTION AND ITS PHYSICO-CHEMICAL ESSENTIAL OILABSTRACT The Clove of Zanzibar Gorontalo has been used as a source of seeds by farmers in Gorontalo province due to high production and its scents preferred by many cigarette industries. A research was carried out to evaluate production and physico-chemical properties of essential oil of Zanzibar clove trees grown. The study (in form of surveys) was focused on the morphological characters (vegetative and generative) of 17 mother trees of Zanzibar clove from January to September 2012 at Taludaa village, Bone Bolango district, Gorontalo. The results showed that the fresh yield of Gorontalo Zanzibar clove was 133,46 kg/tree/year being much higher than those of Afo and Zanzibar Karo composite varieties, 103.0 and 47.0 kg/tree/year respectively. In addition to high in yields, the clove mother trees have good quality in essential oil (19,94-23,00%) and total of eugenol content (87,43-93,00%), larger in flower sizes, distinctive in floral aroma, and homogeny in performance of vegetative and generative characters.
ANALISIS KOMPONEN HASIL VANILI ALOR PADA BEBERAPA AGROEKOLOGI DI NUSA TENGGARA TIMUR SUPRIADI, HANDI; HADAD E.A, M.; WARDIANA, EDI
853-8212
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ABSTRAKTanaman vanili (Vanilla planifolia Andrews) dapat tumbuh padadaerah beriklim kering, seperti di daerah Kabupaten Alor denganketinggian tempat 0-1500 m dpl. Namun demikian, pertumbuhan danproduksinya diduga akan bervariasi bergantung pada perbedaan kondisiagroklimat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis pertumbuhanvegetatif, generatif, dan komponen hasil tanaman vanili lokal Alor didaerah beriklim kering. Penelitian dilakukan di daerah beriklim kering,Kabupaten Alor,  Nusa  Tenggara  Timur,  pada  tiga  lokasi  denganketinggian tempat 25-825 m dpl., jenis tanah Inceptisol, dan tipe iklim F(Scmidht dan Ferguson), pada bulan Januari sampai Desember 2009.Metode yang digunakan adalah observasi terhadap populasi tanaman vaniliyang ditanam pada tiga lingkungan tumbuh yang berbeda berdasarkanketinggian tempat dari permukaan laut: (1) agroklimat dataran rendah(ketinggian 25 m dpl), (2) dataran medium (425 m dpl), dan (3) datarantinggi (825 m dpl). Peubah yang diamati meliputi pertumbuhan vegetatif,generatif, dan komponen hasil. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa faktoragroklimat berpengaruh nyata terhadap pertumbuhan dan komponen hasiltanaman vanili. Pada ketinggian 825 m dpl, tanaman vanili menghasilkanpertumbuhan generatif dan komponen hasil vanili lebih baik, namunsebaliknya untuk pertumbuhan vegetatif. Kondisi iklim mikro, terutamaintensitas cahaya matahari, suhu udara, dan unsur hara tanah didugamenjadi penyebab perbedaan tersebut.Kata kunci: Vanilla planifolia Andrews, varietas lokal Alor, ketinggiantempat, pertumbuhan, komponen hasilABSTRACTVanilla (Vanilla planifolia Andrews) plants can grow in dryclimates such in Alor Regency from altitude of 0-1500 m above sea level.However, their growth and production may vary depending on thedifference in agroclimatic condition. The objective of the research was toanalyze the growth of vegetative, generative, and yield components ofAlor’s vanilla in dry climates. This research was conducted in the dryclimates, Alor Regency, East Nusa Tenggara, at those locations 25-825 mabove sea level (asl) altitude, in Inceptisol type of soil and F type ofclimate (Scmidht and Ferguson), from January until December 2009. Thestudy was undertaken based on observation method on the vanillapopulation grown in three different agroclimatic condition, with altitudes:(1) 25 m asl; (2) 425 m asl, and (3) 825 m asl. Variables measured includethe growth of vegetative, generative, and yield components characters. Theresearch showed that at 825 m asl vanilla produces better for generativeand yield components, and vice versa for vegetative growth. Microclimateconditions, soil nutrition, light intensity, and temperature, may be thecause of these differences.Key words: Vanilla planifolia Andrews, local variety of Alor, altitude,growth, yield components
Peran Tanaman Karet dalam Mitigasi Perubahan Iklim Supriadi, Handi
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 3, No 1 (2012): Buletin Riset Tanaman Rempah Dan Aneka Tanaman Industri
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Terjadinya perubahan iklim pada saat ini telah mengkibatkan dampak buruk terhadap kehidupan makhluk hidup di permukaan bumi.  Kekeringan, banjir atau rob,  gelombang udara panas,  dan badai merupakan beberapa contoh yang disebabkan oleh perubahan iklim.  Pada sektor pertanian,  kondisi tersebut akan menyebabkan produksi tanaman  mengalami penurunan yang cukup signifikan sehingga mengganggu ketahanan pangan nasional dan menurunkan pendapatan petani dan devisa negara. Penyebab utama terjadinya perubahan iklim adalah meningkatnya emisi gas rumah kaca (terutama gas CO2) di udara, yang dihasilkan oleh  aktivitas manusia (antropogenik).  Untuk mengurangi emisi gas CO2 Pemerintah Republik Indonesia  telah mencanangkan  Rencana Aksi Nasional Penurunan Emisi Gas Rumah Kaca (RAN-GRK) sesuai Peraturan Presiden Nomor 61 tahun 2011. Salah satu kegiatan utamanya adalah penanaman  105.200 ha tanaman karet.  Peran ekologis tanaman karet yaitu tajuknya dapat menyerap  gas CO2 dari udara dan dari hasil biji karet dapat dibuat biodiesel dengan gas buang CO2 yang lebih rendah dari bahan bakar minyak (solar), sehingga tanaman karet mempunyai peran yang penting dalam mengurangi kejadian perubahan iklim (mitigasi).  Jumlah CO2 yang diserap oleh tanaman karet bervariasi tergantung kepada umur tanaman, kondisi tanaman, kesuburan tanah, dan teknis budidaya yang diterapkan.  Rata-rata stok karbon  pada karet tradional (perkebunan rakyat) 19,8 ton C/ha, sedangkan pada karet klon unggul (perkebunan besar) 42,4 ton C/ha.  Jumlah gas CO2 yang diserap oleh perkebunan karet di Indonesia  mencapai 291,16 Mton CO2e.  Potensi produksi biodiesel dari RSO di Indonesia mencapai 424.460 ton. Campuran solar dan biodiesel dari RSO dapat menurunkan emisi gas buang CO2 sebesar 40,14%. Role of rubber plant in climate change mitigationABSTRACT Climate change happened and resulted in adverse effect of our life on the earths surface. Droughts, floods, or rob, heatwaves, and hurricanes happened recently of incident that might be caused by climate change. In the agricultural sector, these conditions will lead to reduction of yields significantly, in turn disrupt the national food security and reduce foreign exchange. Major factor that may induce climate change is the increased greenhouse gas emissions primarily CO2 in air, generated by human activity  (anthropogenic). To reduce emissions of CO2 gas,  Government of Indonesia has launched the National Action Plan for Reducing Emissions of Greenhouse Gases (RAN-GRK) through Presidential Decree No. 61 of 2011. One of the main activity is the planting of 105,200 ha of  rubber trees. Ecological role of the rubber plant  is an sequestration CO2 from the air. Moreover, rubber yielded may be converted into biodiesel fuel having CO2 content being lower than diesel oil in otherwords, rubber plant has an important role in reducing of  incidences of climate change (mitigation).  The amount  of CO2 is sequestrated by rubber plant varies depending on the age of the plant, crop conditions, soil fertility and technical cultivation applied. Average of carbon stock of those rubber plants cultivated traditionally was 19.8 ton C / ha, while those superior clone ones was 42.4 ton C/ha. The  amount of CO2 gas sequestrated by rubber in Indonesia  reached of 291.16 Mton CO2e. Potentially biodiesel production developed from the RSO in Indonesia reached   424,460 ton, blending of diesel oil and biodiesel from RSO able to reduce CO2 emissions of 40.14%.  
Pengaruh Elevasi dan Pengolahan terhadap Kandungan Kimia dan Citarasa Kopi Robusta Lampung Towaha, Juniaty; Aunillah, Asif; Purwanto, Eko Heri; Supriadi, Handi
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 1, No 1 (2014): Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar
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Abstract

Kopi Robusta Indonesia memiliki agroklimat dan elevasi tempat yang variatif serta lebih luas sehingga berpotensi sebagai penghasil kopi Robusta yang bermutu tinggi dengan citarasa dan aroma khas. Penelitian telah dilaksanakan di perkebunan rakyat Provinsi Lampung dari bulan Januari hingga Desember 2013. Tujuan penelitian adalah menganalisis pengaruh elevasi dan pengolahan terhadap kandungan kimia serta citarasa kopi Robusta di perkebunan kopi Robusta milik rakyat di Provinsi Lampung. Penelitian menggunakan metode survey dan analisis datanya mengikuti Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan dua faktor dan tiga ulangan. Faktor pertama adalah empat ketinggian tempat, yaitu (1) 200; (2) 400; (3) 600 dan (4) 800 m dpl, sedangkan faktor kedua pengolahan buah kopi, yaitu (1) basah dan (2) kering. Parameter yang diamati meliputi pengujian kadar kafein, protein, lemak, dan abu serta uji organoleptik (cupping test). Hasil penelitian mendapatkan bahwa makin tinggi elevasi tempat tumbuh kopi Robusta di daerah Lampung maka kadar kafein dan lemak cenderung semakin meningkat. Selanjutnya, proses pengolahan kopi secara basah menghasilkan mutu citarasa kopi Robusta Lampung lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan pengolahan secara kering.Kata Kunci: Kopi Robusta, elevasi, pengolahan, kandungan kimia, citarasaRobusta coffee was grown in Indonesia at diverse agro-climatic conditions and altitudes, so it potentially to develop of high quality Robusta coffee with a distinctive flavor and aroma. Research was conducted on smallholder plantations in Lampung Province from January to December 2013. The objective of this study was to analyze the quality and flavor of Robusta coffee developed at different elevation in Lampung Province, in order to identify the most appropriate elevation for Robusta coffee to have the best quality and flavor. Research was use completely randomized design with three replications and two factors. The first factor is altitude: (1) 200; (2) 400; (3) and 600 (4) 800 m above sea level, while the second factor is the processing technique: (1) wet; and (2) dry processing. Variables tested were levels of caffeine, protein, fat and ash as well as cup quality. The results showed that the higher of elevation the higher of caffein and fat contents. Moreover, wet processing of Lampung Robusta Coffee gave higher cup quality compared to dry processing.
Co-Authors A.A. Ketut Agung Cahyawan W Asif Aunillah Dani Dani Dibyo Pranowo Edi Wardiana Efi Taufik Efi Taufiq Enny Randriani Ilham Nur Ardhi Wicaksono Juniaty Towaha M. HADAD E.A, M. Mochamad Hadad EA Nana Heryana Nurliani Bermawie RITA HARNI Rokhmah, Dewi Nur Syafaruddin Syafaruddin Yulius Ferry