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Juridical Analysis of Abuse of Authority by Project Officials in the Perspective of Criminal Law Faal Murreyza D; Sami’an Sami’an; Sarwono Hardjomuljadi
Interdisciplinary Social Studies Vol. 5 No. 1 (2025): Regular Issue: October-December 2025
Publisher : International Journal Labs

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55324/iss.v5i1.1013

Abstract

Abuse of authority by project officials in construction works constitutes one of the primary patterns of corruption in public funds management. In practice, numerous cases demonstrate that budget users, delegated budget users, and commitment-making officials bear responsibility not only for tender decisions but also for controlling contract implementation, quality supervision, contract amendments, and payment approvals—creating opportunities for irregularities that result in state financial losses. This study analyzes the juridical construction of abuse of authority by project officials (Penyalahgunaan Wewenang oleh Pejabat Proyek) from the perspective of criminal corruption law, particularly Article 3 of Law No. 31 of 1999 as amended by Law No. 20 of 2001, in relation to the administrative framework under Law No. 30 of 2014 on Government Administration. Employing a normative juridical method with statutory, conceptual, and case approaches, it focuses on the Hambalang National Sport Training Center, e-KTP, and Banggai Laut Stadium projects. Findings reveal that (1) such abuse qualifies as corruption when involving deviation from authority's purpose, mens rea for undue benefit, and proven state losses; (2) boundaries between administrative misconduct and criminal corruption lack clear parameters; and (3) enforcement remains reactive, neglecting systemic governance improvements. Recommendations include clearer guidelines distinguishing errors from abuse, stronger oversight, and reforms to prevent corruption while protecting good-faith officials.
Strengthening The Role and Legal Protection of Commitment Making Officials in Government Goods/Services Procurement Yana Astuti; Samian Samian; Sarwono Hardjomuljadi
Interdisciplinary Social Studies Vol. 5 No. 1 (2025): Regular Issue: October-December 2025
Publisher : International Journal Labs

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55324/iss.v5i1.1021

Abstract

Commitment Making Officials (PPK) play a crucial role in the entire cycle of Government Procurement of Goods/Services (PBJP) in Indonesia, starting from planning, contract binding, to handing over work results. This strategic position, which is always related to decision-making with implications for state budget spending, makes the PPK very vulnerable to legal risks, both in the form of contract disputes, maladministration, and alleged corruption. This research aims to analyze the authority and responsibilities of the PPK in the PBJP and formulate a strategy for optimizing governance and legal protection for the PPK to prevent irregularities and minimize potential state losses. The research method used is normative juridical with a legislative approach and a conceptual approach. The results of the study show that optimizing the role of PPK requires: strengthening managerial and legal competence; structuring of work mechanisms that are more accountable and transparent; and the formation of a professional support team (legal, technical, and financial) as an instrument to mitigate legal and financial risks for the PPK in the implementation of the PBJP contract.
Analisis Hukum Perdata Atas Klaim Perpanjangan Waktu (Extension Of Time/Eot) Dan Kompensasi Biaya Dalam Kontrak Konstruksi: Perspektif Wanprestasi, Overmacht, Dan Hardship Agus Prasetio; Sami’an Sami’an; Sarwono Hadjomuldjadi; Ganis Vitayanty Noor
Syntax Literate Jurnal Ilmiah Indonesia
Publisher : Syntax Corporation

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36418/syntax-literate.v11i1.63463

Abstract

Delays in work execution are one of the most dominant sources of disputes in construction contracts. Within the framework of Indonesian civil law, delays are conventionally positioned as a form of breach of contract that results in compensation and contractual sanctions. However, this approach is often inadequate to explain delays in construction projects, which are complex, multi-causal, and influenced by various external factors. Modern construction contract practice responds to this condition through Extension of Time (EOT) mechanisms and cost compensation as contract adjustment instruments. This article aims to analyze the status of EOT claims and cost compensation from an Indonesian civil law perspective using a doctrinal approach to the concepts of breach of contract, overmacht, and hardship. This research is a normative legal study with statutory, conceptual, and comparative approaches. The results of the study indicate that EOT claims and cost compensation cannot be understood narrowly as exceptions to breach of contract, but rather as corrective mechanisms that function to maintain contractual balance. The integration of the doctrines of breach of contract, overmacht, and hardship allows for the creation of a more proportional, adaptive, and equitable legal approach in modern construction contracts..
IMPLEMENTASI WAWASAN KEBANGSAAN TERHADAP PELAJAR UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEPATUHAN PERATURAN SEKOLAH Salman Al Farisi; Sami’an Sami’an; Siti Assa’adah; Aulia Aulia; Yustiana Dwirainaningsih; Izul Arob
ALADALAH: Jurnal Politik, Sosial, Hukum dan Humaniora Vol. 1 No. 1 (2023): Jurnal Politik, Sosial, Hukum dan Humaniora
Publisher : LP3M INSTITUT KH YAZID KARIMULLAH

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59246/aladalah.v1i1.204

Abstract

Wawasan kebangsaan merupakan salah satu ilmu yang wajib dipupuk dan di tanamkan dalam diri remaja, terutama kalangan pelajar, mulai dari lingkup pelajar Menengah Pertama maupun Menengah Atas. Saat ini sumber penanaman wawasan kebangsaan dalam lingkup pelajar umumnya hanya bersumber dari mata pelajaran PPKn, namun hakikatnya instansi pendidikan harus menanamkan nilai nilai wawasan kebangsaan dalam sebuah peraturan sekolah. Dengan ini maka perlu diadakan penelitian guna mengetahui seberapa jauh tingkat pemahaman pelajar tentang wawasan kebangsaan dan implementasinya dalam aturan sekolah. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif serta pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik kuisioner yang ditujukan pada pelajar menegah pertama dan menengah atas. Hasil dari penelitian ini diketahui konsepsi tingkat pemahaman pelajar cukup baik untuk memahami wawasan kebangsaan dengan menyertakan contoh implementasi di lingkup sekolah. Media yang digunakan pelajar mayoritas mendapatkan pemahaman wawasan kebangsaan melalui pelajaran PPKn di sekolah, tetapi ada juga yang melalui media lain seperti belajar otodidak, kehidupan sehari-hari, mempelajari sejarah bangsa, dan media informasi digital. Pelajar memahami penerapan wawasan kebangsaan yang berdamping dengan kewajiban pelajar dengan mengikuti kegiatan wajib di sekolah. Pelajar paham bagaimana cara implementasi wawasan kebangsaan dengan sikap nasionalisme.
A Study on the Relevance of Indonesian Civil Law in Resolving EPC FIDIC Silver Book Contract Disputes Through Bani Arbitration Bona Ary Napitupulu; Sarwono Hardjomuljadi; Sami’an Sami’an; Ganis Vitayanti Noor
Journal of Social Research Vol. 5 No. 2 (2026): Journal of Social Research
Publisher : International Journal Labs

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55324/josr.v5i2.2950

Abstract

EPC (Engineering, Procurement, and Construction) contracts are increasingly used in large infrastructure projects in Indonesia due to their efficiency and clear division of responsibilities (Federation Internationale des Ingenieurs-Conseils [FIDIC], 2017). However, this contract is rooted in a Common Law system that is different from Indonesia's national legal system which adheres to Civil Law (Subekti, 2019; Satrio, 2021). This study aims to analyze the extent to which the Indonesian Civil Law system is able to maintain its legal sovereignty in the implementation of FIDIC Silver Book-based EPC contracts, as well as identify legal challenges that arise due to differences in legal principles. The method used is a normative juridical approach combined with conceptual and comparative analysis of the provisions of the Civil Code (1847), Law Number 2 of 2017 concerning Construction Services (Law of the Republic of Indonesia, 2017), and risk allocation and dispute resolution clauses in the FIDIC Conditions of Contract (FIDIC, 2017). The results of the study show that there are fundamental differences in the principle of risk sharing and dispute resolution mechanisms between the Common Law and Civil Law systems. Several clauses in FIDIC require harmonization to be in line with the principles of justice, legal certainty, and proportionality that apply in national law (Hidayat, 2021; Osei, 2022). This research contributes to strengthening academic and practical understanding of the harmonization between international contracts and national law. These findings are expected to be a conceptual basis for the development of adaptive construction legal norms while maintaining Indonesia's legal sovereignty (Lubis, 2020; Klee, 2021).
Penerapan Asas Itikad Baik dalam Menjamin Profesionalitas Konsultan Desain pada Kontrak Konstruksi Design & Build di Indonesia Petra Firman Pakpahan; Sami’an Sami’an; Sarwono Hardjomuljadi; Agung Aditya
Jurnal Impresi Indonesia Vol. 5 No. 1 (2026): Jurnal Impresi Indonesia
Publisher : Riviera Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58344/jii.v5i1.7441

Abstract

The Design & Build (DB) procurement model reshapes the legal structure of construction contracts by consolidating the responsibility for both design and construction under a single entity, the DB contractor. Within this structure, design consultants operate under the contractor’s authority and have no direct contractual relationship with the owner, creating potential conflicts of interest that may compromise professional independence. This normative legal research examines how the principle of good faith and the statutory principle of professionalism can be employed to interpret and regulate the obligations of DB contractors and their design consultants, particularly in ensuring the integrity and reliability of design outcomes. Using a statute-based and conceptual approach, this study analyses the Indonesian Civil Code, Law No. 2 of 2017 on Construction Services, and doctrinal writings on contract law and construction law, alongside academic literature on DB performance. The findings reveal that good faith functions as an interpretive, supplementary, and corrective principle in contractual relationships, and can therefore serve as a normative foundation to prevent undue interference by contractors in design decisions. Furthermore, the principle of professionalism requires design consultants to uphold technical standards and ethical responsibilities, even when positioned hierarchically under the contractor. The study concludes that the integration of good faith and professionalism offers an effective normative mechanism to strengthen accountability in DB projects, protect the owner’s interests, and fill the contractual gap arising from the absence of privity between the owner and the design consultant.
Penyelesaian Sengketa Kontrak Konstruksi Internasional Melalui Arbitrase ICSID Sudarsono Sudarsono; Sarwono Hardjomuljadi; Sami’an Sami’an; Anik Kunantiyorini
Jurnal Impresi Indonesia Vol. 5 No. 1 (2026): Jurnal Impresi Indonesia
Publisher : Riviera Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58344/jii.v5i1.7442

Abstract

This study aims to examine the settlement of investment disputes between the government and foreign investors through the ICSID institution and the mechanism for implementing its decisions in Indonesia. The research method used is normative legal research with a regulatory approach and a conceptual approach. ICSID (International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes) is based on an international agreement that establishes an autonomous and independent system for the settlement of foreign investment disputes. The ICSID's performance does not serve as a mediator that reconciles the parties; rather, it provides an institutional and procedural framework for independent conciliation commissions and arbitration tribunals set up specifically for each dispute case. In this case, ICSID only provides dispute resolution facilities based on two sets of procedural rules, namely the provisions of the ICSID Convention along with the ICSID Regulations/Rules, as well as the ICSID Additional Facilities Rules. Furthermore, the implementation of ICSID institutional decisions in Indonesia refers to Law No. 30 of 1999 which stipulates that the authority to recognize and implement international arbitral awards lies with the Central Jakarta District Court, with a procedure that must be preceded by an application from the party concerned.
Perbandingan Asas Kebebasan Berkontrak Antara Kontrak Pemerintah dan Kontrak Swasta Sandra Suryani; Sami’an Sami’an; Sarwono Hardjomuljadi
Jurnal Impresi Indonesia Vol. 5 No. 1 (2026): Jurnal Impresi Indonesia
Publisher : Riviera Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58344/jii.v5i1.7459

Abstract

The principle of freedom of contract is a fundamental principle in contract law which gives parties the authority to determine whether they will make an agreement, with whom the agreement is made, as well as the content and form of the agreement. This principle is rooted in the idea of ??autonomy of will which places contracts as the result of free agreement between the parties. However, in practice, the principle of freedom of contract is not applied uniformly to all types of contracts. Differences in the character of the parties, the purpose of the contract, and the interests protected by law cause variations in restrictions on freedom of contract, especially between government contracts and private contracts. Government contracts, even though they are in the form of agreements, cannot be separated from the state's function as organizer of public interests, so that freedom of contract in them experiences stricter restrictions. On the other hand, private contracts provide a wider space for freedom, although in practice they still face limitations due to the unequal bargaining positions of the parties. This research aims to analyze the concept of the principle of freedom of contract and compare its application in government contracts and private contracts in order to assess the relevance and legitimacy of this principle in modern contractual practice.
Ratiodecidendi of Judge in Imposing Warning Punishment Against Children in Conflict with the Law from the Perspective of Child Protection Devi Rakhmatika; Sami’an Sami’an
Rechtsnormen: Journal of Law Vol. 2 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Yayasan Adra Karima Hubbi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55849/rjl.v2i1.535

Abstract

Background. Cases of violence against children still occur frequently in Indonesia. The weak social control of society and the many cases of abuse show that law enforcement in Indonesia is not yet optimal. Purpose. Child Protection has been regulated in Law Number 35 of 2014 concerning amendments to Law Number 23 of 2002 concerning Child Protection. And regulations regarding the Juvenile Justice System are regulated in Law Number 11 of 2012 concerning the Juvenile Justice System, but these regulations are not sufficient to guarantee the cessation of cases of maltreatment against children. Method. The author uses normative juridical research methods. In this case, the Ratio Decidendi of the Judge does not really see from various points of view, it can be seen from the consideration that in the end the Judge imposed a warning sentence on the Child Convict, and the decision did not explain and pay attention to the rights of child victims. Results. Because in reality there are still many cases of violence and sexual abuse against children. Case No. 3 Pid.Sus-Anak/2023/PN Mll was a case of maltreatment in which the public prosecutor charged the defendant with Article 170 paragraph (2) to 1 of the Criminal Code Jo. Article 81 of Law No. 11 of 2012 concerning the Juvenile Criminal Justice System which basically states that juvenile offenders must be detained in a Special Correctional Institution for Children. Conclusion. Through this paper, it is hoped that law enforcement officials will synergize in implementing child protection and children's rights, especially regarding the guarantee of child protection from violence and harassment.