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All Journal Jurnal Ilmu Ternak Veteriner WARTAZOA Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Sainstech Farma: Jurnal Ilmu Kefarmasian

Amlius Thalib

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Author-ID : 402852

Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health Veterinary

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Study of effectiveness of bacteria isolated from rumen microbes with acetogen medium as methanogenesis inhibitor Amlius Thalib; Y Widiawati; H Hamid
Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner Vol 9, No 4 (2004): DECEMBER 2004
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development (ICARD)

Ruminal methanogenesis has disadvantageous effects on ruminant animals and environment of atmosphere. Inhibition of methane produced through reduction of carbondioxide has been conducted by bacteriological approach. The approach involved the isolation of bacteria from rumens of sheep (IBD) and buffalo (IBK) using medium for CO-utilizing acetogens. The isolate of bacterium was multiplied with the usual culture medium and then used as inoculum to degrade a substrate of King grass under constant temperature (390C) for 48 hours. Fresh rumen fluid of sheep (CRDS) was used as comparing inoculum. Measurementswere carbondioxide and methane gasses, pH, volatile fatty acid (VFA) and NH3-N contents, bacterial count, and dry matter digestibility (in vitro DMD). The data measured were analyzed by using completely randomized design. The results showed that morphological cell of IBD was oval pleomorphic with Gram negative type, and cell of IBK was rod with Gram negative type. Percentage of CH4 produced by inoculum of IBD was lower than CRDS but was not significantly different (29.47 vs. 33.07%), while the percentage of methane produced by inoculum of IBK was very significantly lower than CRDS (24.29 vs. 33.07%) (P<0.01). Acetate/propionate ratio as a result of substrate fermentation by inoculum of IBD (3.55) and IBK (3.79) were very significantly higher than that of CRDS (2.43) (P<0.01). It is concluded from this experiment that isolates used were effective to inhibit the methanogenesis and the species contained in the isolates were indicated to be homoacetogenic bacteria. Key words: Bacterial isolate, acetogen medium, methanogenesis, inhibitor

In vitro study of effectiveness of saponin from Sapindus rarak fruit as methanogenesis inhibitor on ruminal digestion system Amlius Thalib
Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner Vol 9, No 3 (2004): SEPTEMBER 2004
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development (ICARD)

Methane produced in the rumen system causes the lost of ingested chemical energy, and the methane emitted contributes the greenhouse effect to the atmosphere environment. A study to evaluate the effectiveness of saponin from Sapindus rarak fruit as an inhibitor of ruminal methanogenesis was conducted. The method conducted in this study was a fermentation of a substrate by in vitro technique using rumen fluid (obtained from fistulated sheep) as inoculum. Substrate (king grass) was fermented in anaerobic incubator system at pH of medium 6.9 and temperature of 39°C for 48 hours. Inoculum was supplemented with an ingredient obtained by extraction of Sapindus rarak fruit with methanol (Aksapon SR) and the ones without extraction (lerak powder), and further, these treatments were compared to other methanogenesis inhibitors (i.e. Fe3+, SO4 2– and poly unsaturated longchain fatty acids: PULCFA).The treatments were 1). Inoculum without treatment (K); 2). K + Aksapon SR (80 mg/100 ml); 3). K + lerak powder (160 mg/100 ml); 4). K + Fe3+ (0.8 mg/100 ml); 5. K + SO4 2- (96 mg/100 ml); 6). K + PULCFA (24 mg/100 ml). Measurements conducted were portion of methane, dry matter digestibility (DMD), NH3-N content, microbial population, and volatile fatty acids (VFA). The data measured were analyzed by using completely randomized design. The results of the experiment showed that Aksapon SR was the most effective inhibitor of methanogenesis compared to the others, that is when compared to control, Aksapon SR lowered methane production by 31% (P<0.01), and followed by treatments of Fe3+ (22%) (P<0.05), lerak powder (21%) (P<0.05), PULCFA (11%) (P>0.05) and SO4 2–(10%) (P>0.05). All additive treatments did not affect the DMD value of the substrate fermented by control inoculum. Compared to control, all treatments lowered the protozoal population where the Aksapon SR gave the strongest effect (1.91 x 105 vs 9.94 x 105 cell/ml), and the decrease of protozoal number in Aksapon SR treatment was followed by the increase of bacterial (4.13 x 109 vs 2.56 x 109 colony/ml). Aksapon SR and SO4 2- did not influence the total VFA production, while lower VFA productions were found on lerak powder and Fe3+ treatments (P<0.05), and the reverse effect was shown by PULCFA (P<0.05). Acetate/propionate ratio was significantly changed by Aksapon SR and lerak powder treatments (i.e. 1.37 and 1.33 respectively, vs 2.20). In conclusion, Aksapon SR was the most effective methanogenesis inhibitor compared to the others used in this study, and saponin contained in Sapindus rarak fruit could also be used as propionate enhancer. Key words: Saponin, Sapindus rarak, methanogenesis, inhibitor

Effect of additional of microbial growth factors combined with and without microbe preparate on growth performance of Etawah-cross goat Amlius thalib
Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner Vol 7, No 4 (2002): DECEMBER 2002
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development (ICARD)

Effect of microbial growth factors (FPM) combined with and without microbe preparate (SM) on growth of Etawah-crossgoat has been conducted for 14 weeks, including 2 weeks of adaptation period. Animals used were 24 male goats of Etawahcross (PE) with a mean liveweight of 17.73 ± 1.80 kg. The animals were randomly distributed into 3 treatment groups. Eachgroup consisted of 8 animals. All animals were fed elephant grass (ad lib.) + concentrate containing 16% crude protein (1.0% oflive weight) as basal diet. The treatment groups were : I. Control (K); II. K + FPM; III. K + SM + FPM. Measurements recordedwere: feed consumption, average daily gain (ADG), dry matter digestibility (in vitro and in vivo DMDs), as well as rumenecosystem. All animals were placed in metabolism cages for 2 weeks for determination of in vivo DMD. The results showed thatFPM combined with and without SM improved the performance of both rumen ecosystem and host animals. Compared tocontrol, combination of FPM with SM increased the following parameters significantly (P<0.05): ADG (55 vs. 36 g); DMI (645vs. 609 g head-1 day-1); in vivo DMD (74 vs. 69%); FCR (12 vs. 17); in vitro DMD (49 vs. 46%); colony number of bacteria percell number of protozoa (3.09 x 104 vs. 1.12 x 104); VFA content (3.53 vs. 2.82 mg ml-1); NH3-N content (68 vs. 56 mg l-1); pH(6.78 vs. 6.65). Microbe preparate enhanced the effect of FPM on VFA content so that the combination of FPM and SM(treatment III) significantly increased the VFA content as compared to the control (P<0.05).Key words: Microbial growth factor, microbe preparate, etawah-cross goat

Acetoanaerobium noterae bacteria addition in the diet on methane production and performance of sheep Amlius Thalib; Yeni Widiawati
Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner Vol 13, No 4 (2008): DECEMBER 2008
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development (ICARD)

A study on utilization of Acetoanaerobium noterae to decrease enteric methane production through feeding trial using sheep has been conducted. Animals used were young, male composite breed sheep with an initial liveweight of 19.1 kg. Twenty four animals were randomly distributed into 3 groups of dietary treatment and each group consisted of 8 animals. The diet fed to the animals were elephant grass (ad libitum) and the commercial concentrate containing 16% crude protein (200 g head–1 day–1). The treatments were (I). Control (K); (II). K + Cultural Preparate of A. noterae (SKAn); and (III). K + SKAn + Aksapon SR (as defaunator). Feeding trials was conducted for 12 weeks. The measurements observed were feed consumption, body weight gain, dry matter digestibility, rumen ecosystem, and enteric methane production. In vivo dry matter digestibility was measured by collecting the faeces and urine of the animals kept in metabolism cages for 7 days effective period. The results showed that effectivity of A. noterae action as methanogenesis inhibitor was improved when it was combined with defaunator. Compared to control treatment, the treatments of SKAn with and without Aksapon SR could significantly improve (P<0.05) daily gain (increased by 21 and 32%); feed conversion ratio (decreased by 20 and 26%); enteric methane production (decreased by 15 and 20%); and the effect of SKAn on percentage composition of acetic acid in the rumen was obvious when the SKAn was combined with Aksapon SR. It is concluded that SKAn with and without Aksapon SR can be used as methanogenesis inhibitor on ruminant animals. Kata Kunci: Acetoanaerobium noterae, Methane, Methanogenesis Inhibitor, Sheep

In-Vivo Digestibility of Rice Straw Silage Added With Buffalo Rumen Microbes In Ongole Cross Breed John Bestari; Amlius Thalib; H Hamid; D Suherman
Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner Vol 4, No 4 (1999): DECEMBER 1999
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development (ICARD)

An experiment was cunducted to investigate the effect of rice straw silage added with buffalo rumen microbes on the in-vivo nutrient digestibility in Ongole cross breed. Twelve male young cattle (222 + 14 kg) were distributed into 3 groups, with 4 animals in each group. The dietary treatments were : Elephant grass (R1) fresh rice straw (R2) and rice straw silage added with buffalo rumen microbes (R3). Grass and concentrate were given at 2.25% of live weight. The experiment was conducted for 15 weeks in Ciawi using total collection and arranged in a Completely Randomized Design. The results showed that digestible DM and OM intakes of R3 was 6882 and 5974 g/head/day which was not significantly different from R1 (6905 and 6188 g/head/day) but significantly different from R2 (6654 and 5588 g/head/day). The digestible protein intake of R3 was 905 g which was higher than R2 (827 g)(P < 0.05). Intake of digestible protein of R1 (951 g/head/day) was 46 g higher than R1 (P > 0.05) and 124 g higher than R2 (P < 0,05). DM and OM digestibilities of R3 (i.e. 68.16% and 78.02%) were significantly higher than R2 (61.79% and 71.58%) but similar to R1 (66.34% and 76.37%). Digestible neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and fat intake were different among each treatment. In conclusion, rice straw silage added with buffalo rumen microbes has a similar nutritive value as elephant grass when fed to Ongole crossbreed cattle. Key words : Rice straw silage, microbe, digestibility

Co-Authors A Aini Azizah, Kholipia B Haryanto D Devi D Suherman Finanti, Hanif Mifta H Hamid I-W Mathius John Bestari Kuswandi . Kuswandi . Lia Puspitasari Luh Putu Ratna Sundari M Sabrani Muhammad Rivai Mulyani . S Kompiang Y Widiawati Yeni Widiawati Z.A MasÃ¢Â€Â™ud Z.A Mas’ud

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