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The Antioxidant Activities of the Methanol Extracts of Dischidia nummularia Yakoba Tari; Theo Da Cunha; Theodore Y. Lulan; Yohanes Buang
Journal of Applied Chemical Science Volume 1, No. 1 , 2012
Publisher : Journal of Applied Chemical Science

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Abstract

There has been elucidated the antioxidant activities of chloroform and aqueous fract ions of methanol extracts isolated from dischidia nummularia. The study was firstly started by maceration of dischidia nummularia powder in certain quantity of pure methanol solvent and followed by gradual partition of the methanol extract with chloroform and distillated water and then purified with column chromatography. The chemical contents migrated into both those later solvents were detected by GC-MS and their functional groups were detected by FT-IR instruments. Thereafter, the antioxidant activities of the migrated compounds in each those solvents were determined using hydrogen peroxide protocol and the absorbance was read at 240 nm. The ascorbic acid solution was used as control. The results showed that GCMS spectrum indicated the phenol compounds only that are existed within the chloroform and the aqueous fractions of the extract. Furthermore, the FT-IR spectrum showed methylene and ethene groups are existed within those phenol compounds as well as the hydroxyl, carbonyl, aromatic, and keton groups. The average absorbances of compounds contained within the chloroform and aqueous fractions were 0.275 and 0.189, respectively, whereas that of the control was 0.085. Those absorbance data conclusively indicated that higher absorbance higher residue of chromophore content existed within the fraction and higher failures of hydroxylation reactions. Overall, the antioxidant behaviors of the aqueous and chloroform fractions of the dischidia nummularia methanol extracts are contributed by the phenol compounds and the activities of their aqueous fractions are higher than those of the chloroform fractions.
The Activated Charcoal of Hazelnut Shell (Aleurites moluccana) Has Potential Capability to Refining Used Cooking Oil Desiana Sanang; Luther Kadang; Theodore Y. K. Lulan
Journal of Applied Chemical Science Volume 1, No. 1 , 2012
Publisher : Journal of Applied Chemical Science

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Abstract

The research that aims to determine the ability of chandlenut shell activated carbon as adsorbent on purification adible frying oil has been done. Frying oil purification process includes of the removal phase seasoning (despicing), neutralization and bleaching using activated carbon. The results showed that the optimum amount of chandlenut shell activated carbon which interacted with adible frying oil on purification process at 0,75 grams, effectively lowering the acid value (0,2984 mg KOH / g), peroxide value (3,2847 meq / Kg), water content (0,1468%) and free fatty acid levels (0,1261%), and increasing numbers saponification (196,2711 mg KOH / g) and also clear oil. However, peroxide value and oil colors result of interacted with the chandlenut shell activated carbon, do not meet the National Standard of Indonesia.
Produksi Biodiesel dari Minyak Biji Jarak Pagar (Jatropha curcas L.) Kolo, Sefrinus M.D.; Siburian, Rikson A.F; Lulan, Theodore Y.K
BIO-EDU: Jurnal Pendidikan Biologi Vol 1 No 1 (2016): Jurnal BIO-EDU Volume 1 Nomor 1 Tahun 2016
Publisher : Jurusan Pendidikan Biologi, Fakultas Ilmu Pendidikan, Universitas Timor

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Abstract

Penelitian tentang pengaruh variasi konsentrasi metanol terhadap sifat fisika-kimia biodiesel dari minyak biji jarak pagar (Jatropha curcas L.) telah dilakukan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh variasi konsentrasi metanol terhadap sifat fisikakimia biodiesel dan menentukan konsentrasi efektif metanol pada pengujian sifat fisika-kimia biodiesel. Pembuatan biodiesel dilakukan dengan proses esterifikasi dan transesterifikasi. Sifat fisika-kimia yang diuji dalam penelitian ini yaitu: kerapatan, kekentalan dan bilangan asam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya pengaruh variasi konsentrasi metanol terhadap sifat fisika-kimia biodiesel dimana proses esterifikasi dan transesterifikasi mampu mengkonversi asam lemak bebas dan trigliserida menjadi metil ester. Analisis keragaman dan uji BNT menunjukkan konsentrasi efektif metanol untuk meningkatkan mutu biodiesel yaitu 30 % dengan kerapatan sebesar 0,8802 mg/l dan bilangan asam sebesar 4,72 mg KOH/g serta kekentalan sebesar 6,32 mm2/s.
ADSORPSI ZAT WARNA NAPHTOL MENGGUNAKAN ADSORBEN KULIT BUAH KAKAO (Theobroma cacao L.) Novita Santalia Nika; Imanuel Gauru; Luther Kadang; Theodore Y. K. Lulan
Jurnal Fisika : Fisika Sains dan Aplikasinya Vol 7 No 1 (2022): Jurnal Fisika : Fisika Sains dan Aplikasinya
Publisher : Universitas Nusa Cendana

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Abstract

Abstrak Penelitian adsorpsi zat warna naphtol menggunakan adsorben kulit buah kakao (Theobroma cacao L.) telah dilakukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik adsorben arang aktif kulit buah kakao (Theobroma cacao L.), mengetahui pengaruh pH, waktu kontak dan konsentrasi adsorpsi arang aktif kulit buah kakao (Theobroma cacao L.) terhadap zat warna naphtol dan mengetahui kapasitas adsorpsi arang aktif kulit buah kakao (Theobroma cacao L.) terhadap zat warna naphtol. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah adsorpsi. Hasil yang diperoleh yaitu karakteristik dari adsorben arang aktif kulit buah kakao hasil analisis FTIR menunjukan bahwa adsorben kulit buah kakao teraktivasi HCL mengandung gugus fungsi –OH, C-H, CH2, C-O dan C=C aromatik, hasil analisis SSA diperoleh luas permukaan sebesar 178,10 m2/g, dengan volume pori sebesar 0,16 cc/g dan ukuran pori sebesar 1,80 nm. Kondisi optimum adsorben arang aktif kulit buah kakao terjadi pada pH 4, waktu kontak 90 menit dan konsentrasi 60 ppm. Kapasitas adsorpsi arang aktif kulit buah kakao dalam mengadsorpsi zat warna naphtol adalah sebesar 5,8651 mg/g. pola isoterm adsorpsi mengikuti isoterm langmuir dengan nilai R2 sebesar 0,8275 dan energi adsorpsi sebesar 25,627905 KJ/mol. Abstract Research on the adsorption of naphtol dyes using cocoa pods (Theobroma cacao L.) as an adsorbent has been carried out. This study aims to determine the characteristics of the adsorbent of activated charcoal cocoa pods (Theobroma cacao L.), determine the effect of pH, contact time and adsorption concentration of activated charcoal cocoa pods (Theobroma cacao L.) on naphtol dyes and determine the adsorption capacity of activated charcoal skins. cocoa pods (Theobroma cacao L.) against naphtol dyes. The method used in this research is adsorption. The results obtained are the characteristics of the activated charcoal adsorbent of cocoa pods. FTIR analysis results show that the adsorbent of activated cocoa pods HCL contains functional groups –OH, CH, CH2, CO and C=C aromatics, the results of SSA analysis obtained a surface area of ​​178.10 m2/g, with a pore volume of 0.16 cc/g and a pore size of 1.80 nm. The optimum condition of activated charcoal adsorbent of cocoa pods occurred at pH 4, contact time of 90 minutes and concentration of 60 ppm. The adsorption capacity of activated charcoal of cocoa pods in adsorption of naphtol dye was 5.8651 mg/g. The adsorption isotherm pattern followed the Langmuir isotherm with an R2 value of 0.8275 and an adsorption energy of 25.627905 KJ/mol.
Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activity of The Stem Bark Extract of Sterculia Foetida L. Theodore Yehezkiel Kristoferson Lulan; Febri Odel Nitbani; Reinner Ishaq Lerrick
Jurnal Sains dan Terapan Kimia Vol 16, No 2 (2022)
Publisher : Program Studi Kimia, Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/jstk.v16i2.12040

Abstract

Free radicals are compounds that contain one or more unpaired electrons which are very reactive, causing damage to cells or tissues and implication in the emergence of various degenerative diseases. Several methods of exploring medicinal plants have been carried out to find new sources of natural antioxidants and antibacterials that can reduce the use of synthetic drugs. This study aimed to examine the antioxidant and antibacterial activity of the stem bark extract of the plant Sterculia foetida L. The antioxidant activity of S. foetida was tested using the ABTS radical method (2,2-Azinobis 3-ethyl benzothiazoline 6-sulfonic acid). The principle of this method is that the color intensity or absorbance of the ABTS solution is inversely proportional to the concentration of antioxidant compounds. ABTS absorbance measurements were carried out at a wavelength of 734 nm. The results showed that the bark extract of the plant S. foetida could inhibit ABTS radicals with an IC50 value of 5.54 g/mL. The antibacterial activity of S. foetida was tested by measuring the optical density (OD) at a wavelength of 630 nm and expressed by the Inhibition Concentration 50 (IC50) value of 10442.29 g/mL.
PEMBERDAYAAN KELOMPOK FONGASAMA DALAM PEMANFAATAN LIMBAH TERNAK SEBAGAI PUPUK KOMPOS DAN APLIKASINYA PADA TANAMAN SORGUM DI NTT Laurentius Dominicus Gadi Djou; Murdaningsih Murdaningsih; Willybrordus Lanamana; Theodore Y.K. Lulan
JMM (Jurnal Masyarakat Mandiri) Vol 8, No 4 (2024): Agustus
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31764/jmm.v8i4.24424

Abstract

Abstrak: Kegiatan pemberdayaan masyarakat melalui pelaksanaan program pengabdian masyarakat dalam Program Desa Binaan (PDB) pada kelompok Fongasama di Desa Ondorea Barat dengan tujuan untuk meningkatkan ketrampilan dan soft skill anggota kelompok melalui kegiatan pembangunan rumah kompos, penyuluhan dan Pelatihan pembuatan pupuk kompos. Metode yang digunakan terdiri dari penyuluhan, pelatihan dan pendampingan. Kegiatan diawali dengan pembangunan rumah kompos berukuran 4×6meter, dibagi dua bak untuk fermentasi. Bak pertama berukuran 1,5 x 2meter dan tinggi 2 meter, dan bak kedua berukuran 1,5 x 1,5meter dan tinggi 1,5 meter. Penyuluhan dan pelatihan dimulai dengan pre-test, dan rata-rata jawaban benar 33,3% dalam kategori rendah. Kegiatan pelatihan menggunakan alat pencacah, ember, sekop, cangkul, dan sekop, dan bahan baku yang digunakan kotoran hewan, dedak padi, sekam padi, limbah pertanian, gula pasir, EM4 dan air. Fermentasi pada bak pertama selama 14 hari dan pada bak kedua selama 8 hari. Kompos dikeluarkan dari bak kedua dan diangin-anginkan, selanjutnya diaplikasikan. Post-test dilakukan di akhir kegiatan dan hasilnya menunjukkan adanya peningkatan pengetahuan dan keterampilan sebesar 86,7% dengan kategori tinggi.Abstract: Community empowerment activities through the implementation of community service programs in the Assisted Village Program (PDB) in the Fongasama group in West Ondorea Village with the aim of improving the skills and soft skills of group members through activities of building compost houses, counseling and training in making compost fertilizer. The methods used consist of counseling, training and mentoring. The activity began with the construction of a 4×6meter compost house, divided into two tanks for fermentation. The first tub measures 1.5 x 2 meters and 2 meters high, and the second tub measures 1.5 x 1.5 meters and 1.5 meters high. Counseling and training began with a pre-test, and the average correct answer was 33.3% in the low category. Training activities use choppers, buckets, shovels, hoes and shovels, and the raw materials used are animal waste, rice bran, rice husks, agricultural waste, granulated sugar, EM4 and water. Fermentation in the first tank for 14 days and in the second tank for 8 days. The compost is removed from the second tub and aired, then applied. The post-test was carried out at the end of the activity and the results showed an increase in knowledge and skills of 86.7% in the high category.