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Produksi Biodiesel dari Minyak Biji Jarak Pagar (Jatropha curcas L.) Kolo, Sefrinus M.D.; Siburian, Rikson A.F; Lulan, Theodore Y.K
BIO-EDU: Jurnal Pendidikan Biologi Vol 1 No 1 (2016): Jurnal BIO-EDU Volume 1 Nomor 1 Tahun 2016
Publisher : Jurusan Pendidikan Biologi, Fakultas Ilmu Pendidikan, Universitas Timor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Penelitian tentang pengaruh variasi konsentrasi metanol terhadap sifat fisika-kimia biodiesel dari minyak biji jarak pagar (Jatropha curcas L.) telah dilakukan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh variasi konsentrasi metanol terhadap sifat fisikakimia biodiesel dan menentukan konsentrasi efektif metanol pada pengujian sifat fisika-kimia biodiesel. Pembuatan biodiesel dilakukan dengan proses esterifikasi dan transesterifikasi. Sifat fisika-kimia yang diuji dalam penelitian ini yaitu: kerapatan, kekentalan dan bilangan asam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya pengaruh variasi konsentrasi metanol terhadap sifat fisika-kimia biodiesel dimana proses esterifikasi dan transesterifikasi mampu mengkonversi asam lemak bebas dan trigliserida menjadi metil ester. Analisis keragaman dan uji BNT menunjukkan konsentrasi efektif metanol untuk meningkatkan mutu biodiesel yaitu 30 % dengan kerapatan sebesar 0,8802 mg/l dan bilangan asam sebesar 4,72 mg KOH/g serta kekentalan sebesar 6,32 mm2/s.

PENERAPAN LUBANG RESAPAN BIOPORI DI MASYARAKAT DESA NAIOLA BIKOMI SELATAN KABUPATEN TTU Yuni Sine; Sefrinus M.D Kolo; Maria Magdalena kolo
BERNAS: Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Vol 2 No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Majalengka

Program kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat yang dibiayai oleh LP2M Universitas Timor ini bertujuan untuk Memberikan informasi dan mengajarkan cara pembuatan dan manfaat dari biopori. Target yang ingin dicapai dari kegiatan ini adalah agar kelompok sasaran dapat memperoleh keterampilan pembuatan biopori secara mandiri dan memiliki alat pembuat biopori, sehingga teknologi biopori dapat terus dilakukan dan dikembangkan oleh masyarakat. Beberapa manfaat yang dapat diperoleh dari pembuatan lubang resapan biopori adalah sebagai salah satu cara penangulangan banjir karena merupakan lubang resapan air, menghasilkan pupuk kompos, dan meningkatkan unsur hara tanah. Kegiatan ini melibatkan masyarakat dan juga mahasiswa. Materi yang diberikan tentang mnfaat lubang resapan biopori dan cara pembuatan lubang resapan biopori.

Potensi Ekstrak Tanaman Sebagai Pestisida Alami Di Desa Salu Kecamatan Miomafo Barat Kabupaten TTU Jefry Presson; Gebhardus D Gelyaman; Yohana Ivana Kedang; Sefrinus Maria D. Kolo; Regina Seran; Eduardus Edi; Maria Magdalena Kolo
Bakti Cendana Vol 2 No 2 (2019): Bakti Cendana: Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat
Publisher : LPPM Universitas Timor

Devotion with the title of potential plant extracts as natural pesticides in Salu village, Miomafo Barat district, TTU district was held in November 2018. The purpose of this service was to provide knowledge on how to increase food production through eradicating pests, providing knowledge about the advantages of natural pesticides compared to synthetic pesticides, and make soursop leaf extract as a natural pesticide. The main target of this activity is the farmers who are conducted through methods of lecture, brochure distribution, and product manufacturing training. This service activity was conducted in 3 sessions. The first session was socialization of ways to increase food production through eradicating pests. The second session is a socialization of the advantages of natural pesticides compared to synthetic pesticides. Making soursop extract as a natural pesticide is the third session that closes all the series of devotion. In addition to providing questions, farmers also provide personal experiences that are useful for the development of science. The coordination of the making of soursop extract indicates the high enthusiasm of the farmers in Salu village towards this devotion. The final product in this activity is soursop leaf extract which is ready to be applied to plants.

The Effect of Hydrolysis Time Using Microwave on Bioethanol Production from Sorghum Waste (Sorghum Bicolor L.) Sefrinus Maria Dolfi Kolo
Jurnal Sains dan Terapan Kimia Vol 16, No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Program Studi Kimia, Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

In this study, the production of bioethanol from sorghum bagasse was carried out to understand the surface morphology of sorghum bagasse before and after hydrolysis, the effect of hydrolysis time using a microwave, and the concentration of inoculum on the ethanol content produced. A total of 10 grams of sorghum bagasse was suspended with 250 mL of 2% H2SO4 solution and then heated using a microwave at a temperature of 150ºC with variations in heating time of 20, 30,40, and 50 minutes. The heated hydrolyzate was analyzed for reducing sugar content using UV-Vis. The morphology of sorghum bagasse before and after hydrolysis was analyzed using SEM and quantitative analysis of fermented ethanol using a pycnometer and GC. The results showed that there were differences in the surface of sorghum bagasse before and after hydrolysis, the highest reducing sugar content was obtained at 30 minutes of hydrolysis, which was 30.4 g/L, and the highest concentration of Saccharomyces cerevisiae was 8% which resulted in 5.325% ethanol content using a pycnometer and 9.05% using GC. Keywords: Sorghum bagasse, Hydrolysis, Microwave, Bioethanol

PENGARUH PRETREATMENT MAKROALGA ULVA RETICULATA MENGGUNAKAN MICROWAVE IRRADIATION UNTUK PRODUKSI BIOETANOL S. M. D. Kolo; N. M. Obenu; M. Y. C. Tuas
Jurnal Kimia (Journal of Chemistry) Vol. 16, No.2, Juli 2022
Publisher : Program Studi Kimia, FMIPA, Universitas Udayana (Program of Study in Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Udayana University), Bali, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/JCHEM.2022.v16.i02.p12

Produksi bahan bakar fosil setiap tahun hingga saat ini mengalami penurunan yang signifikan. Hal ini seiring dengan peningkatan konsumsi energi secara signifikan sebagai akibat bertambahnya populasi penduduk, pertumbuhan ekonomi, akitivtas industri dan transportasi. Energi alternatif yang dapat digunakan sebagai pengganti bahan bakar fosil adalah pemanfaatan makroalga Ulva reticulata menjadi bioetanol. Kandungan lignoselulosa Ulva reticulata dapat dikonversi menjadi etanol melalui proses pretreatment dan hidrolisis asam encer menggunakan microwave irradiation, yang kemudian dilanjutkan dengan proses fermentasi dan distilasi. Morfologi permukaan sampel makroalga Ulva reticulata dianalisis menggunakan Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Gula pereduksi dianalisis menggunakan metode Dinitrosalisilat (DNS). Kadar etanol dianalisis menggunakan Gas Chromatography-Flame Ionization Detector (GC-FID). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa proses pretreatment dan hidrolisis asam encer menggunakan microwave irradiasi mencapai waktu dan suhu hidrolis yang optimum pada 50 menit dan suhu 1500C, dengan konsentrasi gula pereduksi sebesar 27,97 g/L dan efisisensi hidrolisisnya sebesar 69,93%. Hasil analisis kadar etanol Ulva reticulata menggunakan GC-FID adalah 7,76%. Produksi bioetanol dari makroalga Ulva reticulata diharapkan menjadi sumber baru energi terbarukan yang potensial karena tidak digunakan sebagai bahan pangan. Hasil penelitian ini sebagai sumber informasi baru bagi industri untuk meningkatkan nilai ekonomi dari makroalga Ulva reticulata. Kata Kunci: bioetanol, fermentasi, microwave irradiasi, pretreatment, ulva reticulata. ABSTRACT The production of fossil fuels every year until now has decreased significantly. This is in line with the significant increase in energy consumption as a result of increasing population, economic growth, industrial and transportation activities. Alternative energy that can be used as a substitute for fossil fuels is the use of macroalgae Ulva reticulata into bioethanol. The lignocellulosic content of Ulva reticulata can be converted into ethanol through a pretreatment process and dilute acid hydrolysis using microwave irradiation, which is then followed by a fermentation and distillation process. Surface morphology of Ulva reticulata macroalgae samples were analyzed using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Reducing sugars were analyzed using the Dinitrosalicylate (DNS) method. Ethanol content was analyzed using Gas Chromatography-Flame Ionization Detector (GC-FID). The results showed that the pretreatment and hydrolysis of dilute acid using microwave irradiation reached the optimum hydraulic time and temperature of 50 minutes and 150, with a reducing sugar concentration of 27.97 g/L and a hydrolysis efficiency of 69.93%. The results of the analysis of the ethanol content of Ulva reticulata fermentation using GC was 7.76%. Bioethanol production from the macroalga Ulva reticulata is expected to be a potential new source of renewable energy because it is not used as food. The results of this study serve as a new source of information for the industry to increase the economic value of the macroalga Ulva reticulata. Keywords: bioethanol, fermentation, microwave irradiation, pretreatment, ulva reticulata.

Pengaruh Perlakuan Awal Ampas Biji Jewawut (Setaria italica L.) dengan Microwave Irradiation untuk Produksi Bioetanol Sefrinus Maria Dolfi Kolo; Noviana Mery Obenu; Natalia Tige Rohy
ALCHEMY Jurnal Penelitian Kimia Vol 18, No 2 (2022): September
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS SEBELAS MARET (UNS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/alchemy.18.2.59819.183-192

Produksi energi terbarukan termasuk bioetanol menjadi alternatif penganti bahan bakar fosil. Salah satunya dari ampas jewawut karena memiliki kandungan selulosa sebesar 32,41% sehingga sangat potensial dan ekonomis sebagai sumber energi baru terbarukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui morfologi permukaan, suhu dan konsentrasi H2SO4 optimum pada proses hidrolisis menggunakan microwave dan kadar bioetanol dari hidrolisat ampas biji jewawut. Penelitian ini terdiri atas empat tahapan yaitu proses hidrolisis menggunakan microwave, fermentasi, distilasi dan pengujian kadar bioetanol baik secara kualitatif maupun kuantitatif menggunakan metode berat jenis dan kromatografi gas. Hidrolisis dilakukan melalui variasi suhu 75℃, 100℃, 125℃, 150℃, dan 175℃ dan konsentrasi H2SO4 0,5%, 1%, 2%, 5% dan 7%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa morfologi permukaan sampel sebelum hidrolisis memiliki permukaan yang datar, kasar dan kaku namun setelah dihidrolisis permukaan sampel menjadi rapuh dan halus. Analisa gula pereduksi menggunakan pereaksi DNS (Dinitrosalisilat) diperoleh suhu optimum microwave yaitu pada suhu 150℃ dengan kadar gula pereduksi sebesar 25,3 g/L dan konsentrasi H2SO4 optimum pada 5% dengan kadar gula pereduksi sebesar 32,8 g/L. Uji kualitatif dari hasil fermentasi dan distilasi menunjukkan pada sampel mengandung bioetanol yang ditandai dengan terjadinya perubahan warna kalium dikromat dari warna jingga menjadi hijau kebiruan. Kadar bioetanol yang diperoleh dengan metode berat jenis sebesar 5% dan 6,08% dari analisa dengan kromatografi gas.Pretreatment Effect of Barley Seed Dregs (Setaria italica L.) with Microwave Irradiation for Bioethanol Production. Renewable energy production, including bioethanol, is an alternative to fossil fuels. One of the alternative sources is barley dregs because it has a cellulose content of 32.41%; thus, it is very potential and economical as a new renewable energy source. This study aims to determine the surface morphology, temperature, and optimum H2SO4 concentration in the hydrolysis process using a microwave and the bioethanol content of the hydrolyzed barley seed dregs. The research comprised four steps: hydrolysis, fermentation, distillation, and qualitatively and quantitatively analysis of bioethanol levels using specific gravity and gas chromatography methods. Hydrolysis was carried out by varying the temperature of 75℃, 100℃, 125℃, 150℃, and 175℃, and the concentration of H2SO4 was 0.5%, 1%, 2%, 5%, and 7%. The results showed that the surface morphology of the sample before hydrolysis had a flat, rough and rigid surface; however, after hydrolysis, the sample's surface became brittle and smooth. Analysis of reducing sugar using DNS reagent (dinitrosalicylate) obtained the optimum microwave temperature at 150℃ with a reducing sugar content of 25.3 g/L and an optimum concentration of H2SO4 at 5% with a reducing sugar content of 32.8 g/L. The qualitative test of the fermentation and distillation results shows the samples containing bioethanol marked by the changes in potassium dichromate colors from orange to bluish-green. The bioethanol content obtained by the specific gravity method was 5% and 6.08% from analysis by gas chromatography.

Pengaruh Perlakuan Awal Hidrolisis Ampas Sorgum (Sorghum Bicolor L.) Terhadap Fermentasi Untuk Produksi Bioetanol Sebagai Energi Terbarukan Stevanny Yulia Margarita Nggai; Sefrinus Maria Dolfi Kolo; Yuni Sine
ALCHEMY:Journal of Chemistry Vol 10, No 2 (2022): ALCHEMY: Journal of Chemistry
Publisher : Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18860/al.v10i2.13501

Bioethanol has been successfully produced from sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) seed dregs as a biofuel to replace fossil fuels. The goal of this study is to find out what sulfuric acid concentration produces sugar content during hydrolysis utilizing microwave and an autoclave. The concentrations of sulfuric acid used in this experiment were 0.5, 1, 2, and 5%. The hydrolysis of sorghum brans is suspended with a sulfuric acid solution, then in the hydrolysis using microwave (temperature 150°C for 30 minutes) and autoclave (pressurized 1 atm temperature 121 °C for 30 minutes). The fermentation using yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae for 5 days. The analyzed through reducing sugar content using UV-VIS, then morphology of sorghum brans using SEM, the density of ethanol using pycnometer, and analysis ethanol levels using GC. The analysis used SEM is sulfuric acid was able to damage the surface structure of sorghum brans. Produced the optimum reducing glucose occurred in hydrolysis using a microwave with a sulfuric acid concentration of 1% is 44,97 gr/L, then using methods autoclave produced the optimum glucose reducing with a sulfuric acid concentration of 5 % is 30,86 g/L. The analysis ethanol used pycnometer is 1,96%. and gas chromatography converting of ethanol was 15.76%.

Optimasi Proses Hidrolisis Rumput Laut Ulva Reticulata dengan Pelarut HNO3 untuk Produksi Bioetanol Sefrinus Maria Dolfi Kolo; Noviana Mery Obenu; Lusitania Kefi; Felicitas F.Fuel
Jurnal Riset Kimia Vol. 14 No. 1 (2023): March
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jrk.v14i1.574

One alternative to make biofuels and replace petroleum-based fuels is to convert non-food ingredients from Ulva reticulata seaweed into bioethanol. Seventy percent of the earth's surface is covered by microalgae and seaweeds that can be converted into bioethanol. Ulva seaweed contains 50.3% carbohydrates in the form of heteropolysaccharides such as glucose, arabinose, rhamnose and xylose. Optimization of the seaweed hydrolysis catalyzed by HNO3 using Microwave irradiation was done by varying acid concentration (1, 3, 5, 7%), hydrolysis time (30, 40, 50, and 60 minutes), and hydrolysis temperature (75, 100, 125, 150°C). Fermentation was carried out by varying inoculum concentrations (6, 8, and 10% (v/v)) for 5, 6 and 7 days at a temperature of 30°C and a pH of 4.5. Analysis of the surface texture of the sample was carried out by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The analysis of reducing sugars concentration was carried out using the dinitrosalicylate (DNS) method. Ethanol analysis was carried out by Gas Chromatography (GC). The results of SEM analysis showed that prior to hydrolysis, the surface morphology of the powder was still compact and intact. Whereas after being hydrolyzed with HNO3 it was seen that the surface texture of the powder suffered significant damage. The hydrolysis results showed that the optimum conditions during the pretreatment of U. reticulata powder was at acid concentration of 7%, reaction time of 50 minutes, reaction temperature of 150°C and 250 watts of power which gave hydrolysate with reducing sugar concentration of 86.5 g/L. Fermentation of the hydrolysate using yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae produced bioethanol with concentration of 37.2% as analyzed using a gas chromatograph.

Optimasi Proses Hidrolisis Rumput Laut Ulva Reticulata dengan Pelarut HNO3 untuk Produksi Bioetanol Sefrinus Maria Dolfi Kolo; Noviana Mery Obenu; Lusitania Kefi; Felicitas F.Fuel
Jurnal Riset Kimia Vol. 14 No. 1 (2023): March
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jrk.v14i1.574

One alternative to make biofuels and replace petroleum-based fuels is to convert non-food ingredients from Ulva reticulata seaweed into bioethanol. Seventy percent of the earth's surface is covered by microalgae and seaweeds that can be converted into bioethanol. Ulva seaweed contains 50.3% carbohydrates in the form of heteropolysaccharides such as glucose, arabinose, rhamnose and xylose. Optimization of the seaweed hydrolysis catalyzed by HNO3 using Microwave irradiation was done by varying acid concentration (1, 3, 5, 7%), hydrolysis time (30, 40, 50, and 60 minutes), and hydrolysis temperature (75, 100, 125, 150°C). Fermentation was carried out by varying inoculum concentrations (6, 8, and 10% (v/v)) for 5, 6 and 7 days at a temperature of 30°C and a pH of 4.5. Analysis of the surface texture of the sample was carried out by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The analysis of reducing sugars concentration was carried out using the dinitrosalicylate (DNS) method. Ethanol analysis was carried out by Gas Chromatography (GC). The results of SEM analysis showed that prior to hydrolysis, the surface morphology of the powder was still compact and intact. Whereas after being hydrolyzed with HNO3 it was seen that the surface texture of the powder suffered significant damage. The hydrolysis results showed that the optimum conditions during the pretreatment of U. reticulata powder was at acid concentration of 7%, reaction time of 50 minutes, reaction temperature of 150°C and 250 watts of power which gave hydrolysate with reducing sugar concentration of 86.5 g/L. Fermentation of the hydrolysate using yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae produced bioethanol with concentration of 37.2% as analyzed using a gas chromatograph.

Uji Aktivitas Larvasida Minyak Daun Kemangi (Ocinum sanctum L.) Asal Pulau Timor Terhadap Larva Nyamuk Aedes Aegypti Beatrik Hoar; Sefrinus Maria Dolfi Kolo; Eduardus Edi
SEHATI: Jurnal Kesehatan Vol 3, No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Pelantar Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52364/sehati.v3i2.25

The tropical climate in regions like Timor Island can lead to the proliferation of disease-carrying mosquitoes such as Aedes aegypti, which are responsible for diseases like dengue fever, filarial infections, and elephantiasis. Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is a major concern in Indonesia, particularly in East Nusa Tenggara (NTT). This research aimed to assess the effectiveness of basil leaf oil (Ocimum Sanctum L.) as a natural substitute for electric mosquito repellents. The study focused on evaluating its impact on the mortality of Aedes aegypti mosquito larvae and determining the LC50 (Lethal Concentration 50) of basil leaf oil against these larvae. Basil leaves (Ocimum Sanctum L.) were used to extract basil leaf oil through distillation, followed by separating water and oil. The study employed a randomized block design (RAK) to conduct experiments on mosquito larvae. The larvicidal activity of basil leaf oil was tested using 5 different concentrations: 750 ppm, 1000 ppm, 1500 ppm, 2000 ppm, and 5000 ppm. A control group containing 70% alcohol was also included. Ten Aedes aegypti mosquito larvae were transferred from a holding container to a beaker containing 100 mL of distilled water mixed with basil leaf oil at the specified concentrations. The larvae were observed at 5, 10, 15, and 20-minute intervals to track the mortality rate of the larvae over time. The findings of the research demonstrated that basil leaf oil (Ocimum Sanctum L.) exhibited larvicidal activity against Aedes aegypti mosquito larvae. The mortality rate of the larvae increased as the concentration of basil leaf oil increased, with the most significant impact observed at a concentration of 2000 ppm. This study highlights the potential of basil leaf oil as a natural larvicide against Aedes aegypti mosquito larvae, which are responsible for transmitting diseases like dengue fever. The results suggest that basil leaf oil could serve as an alternative or complementary method to conventional mosquito control strategies. Given the importance of controlling mosquito-borne diseases, the use of locally available plant-based substances like basil leaf oil could contribute to public health efforts, particularly in regions like East Nusa Tenggara (NTT). Further research and development in this area could lead to the creation of effective and environmentally friendly mosquito control products.

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