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Volcanic Ash Deposition and Its Implications for Soil Biological Fertility: Insights from the Slopes of Mount Semeru, Indonesia Tri Candra Setiawati; Rifky Putra Verdiawan; Lolita Endang Susilowati; Basuki; Saddam Matovani; Bambang Hermiyanto; Syahrul Efendi
Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA Vol 12 No 5 (2026)
Publisher : Postgraduate, University of Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jppipa.v12i5.14865

Abstract

Volcanic ash from Mount Semeru can alter soil characteristics, including the biological properties. Microorganisms respond rapidly to changing environmental conditions, leading to the general consideration as sensitive indicators of soil health. In general, biological fertility status can be determined based on the Biological Fertility Index (BFI). Therefore, this study aims to assess the BFI and total population of soil microorganisms following the Mount Semeru eruption across four differently managed land-use systems, including monoculture and intercropping patterns. Field studies were conducted on the slopes of Mount Semeru, specifically in Pronojiwo Village, Lumajang Regency, at an elevation of 400-800 meters above sea level. The classification of the BFI was carried out through laboratory analysis of Soil Organic Matter (SOM), Microbial Biomass Carbon (MBC) by the fumigation extraction technique, Basal Soil Respiration (BSR), and Cumulative Soil Respiration (CSR) over a 25-day observation period, along with the total microbial population assessed using the agar plate method. The mineralization quotient (qCO2) and metabolic quotient (qM) were also calculated based on parameter measured. The results showed that BFI scores of 16.28 and 18.19 were obtained for monoculture and polyculture systems with volcanic ash cover exceeding 10 cm, showing an “intermediate” fertility status. In contrast, monoculture and polyculture land covered with volcanic ash <2 cm had BFI scores of 20.03 and 21.03, respectively, in the "Good" category. The total microbial count ranged from a medium of 4.8 x 105 cfu g-1 in the monoculture sugarcane, to significantly higher levels in intercropping leeks and chili at 5.4 x 107 cfu g-1.  
Influence of Light and Humidity on Infection Dynamics of Potential Entomopathogenic Fungus Against Spodoptera frugiperda Ambar Susanti; Suharto Suharto; Hardian Susilo Addy; Tri Candra Setiawati
Journal of Applied Agricultural Science and Technology Vol. 10 No. 3 (2026): Journal of Applied Agricultural Science and Technology
Publisher : Green Engineering Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55043/jaast.v10i3.591

Abstract

The effectiveness of entomopathogenic fungi (EPF) in suppressing insect pests is strongly influenced by environmental conditions, particularly light exposure and relative humidity. This study evaluated the effects of ambient light and relative humidity on the pathogenicity and infection dynamics of Simplicillium lanosoniveum against Spodoptera frugiperdalarvae. A completely randomized design factorial 2 x 2 was used, with light exposure (ambient light under open and dark under enclosed conditions) and relative humidity (45% RH and 80% RH) factors.  Second–third instar larvae were inoculated with EPF, and each treatment included 25 individually reared larvae, arranged into five biological replicates of five larvae each, with each larva maintained in a separate. Larval mortality was recorded daily for 10 days and analyzed using a generalized linear model (GLM) with a binomial distribution. Ambient light exposure, relative humidity, and their interaction had no statistically significant effects on larval mortality (p > 0.05). Goodness-of-fit statistics indicated that the model adequately fit the data, with deviance and Pearson chi-square values close to unity. Numerically, the highest mortality (92%) and the shortest median lethal time (LT₅₀ = 6.4 days) were observed under dark conditions at 80% RH, whereas the lowest mortality (72%) and the longest LT₅₀ (8.3 days) occurred under ambient light at 45% RH Although the observed numerical pattern suggested a tendency toward faster infection under higher humidity, it was not statistically significant. Overall, S. lanosoniveum maintained relatively stable pathogenicity across the tested environmental conditions, indicating its potential for development as a biological control agent against S. frugiperda.
Teknologi Budidaya Tanaman Perkebunan Kopi Lahan Terdegradasi Solum Dangkal Wilayah Vulkanik Menuju Kualitas Green Ekonomi Desa Slateng Lereng Gunung Raung Basuki Basuki; Subhan Arif Budiman; Bambang Hermiyanto; Muhammad Rizal Romadhon; Vega Kartika Sari; Purnaning Dhian Isnaeni; Tri Candra Setiawati
Jurnal Pengabdian Magister Pendidikan IPA Vol 9 No 3 (2026): Juli-September 2026
Publisher : Universitas Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jpmpi.v9i3.16348

Abstract

Slateng Village in Ledokombo District, Jember Regency, possesses potential for coffee cultivation development supported by favorable agro-climatic conditions and local resources; however, this potential has not been fully realized due to limited application of cultivation techniques and insufficient plant maintenance skills. This community service initiative aimed to enhance the knowledge and skills of the "Harapan" Farmer Group in applying sustainable coffee cultivation techniques tailored to local conditions. The activity was conducted in three stages: identifying partner conditions through field observation and coordination; disseminating information on coffee plant maintenance techniques; and conducting training, field practice, and evaluation. The material covered pruning, fertilization, pest and disease control, and the application of integrated cultivation techniques. Field practice employed a "learning-by-doing" approach, directly involving participants in pruning and fertilizing the coffee plants. Results indicated that participants were actively engaged during the information sessions and field practice, demonstrating an ability to understand and apply the cultivation techniques according to their specific plantation conditions. The initiative successfully raised partner awareness regarding the importance of proper coffee plant management, the utilization of local resources, and the implementation of sustainable cultivation practices.