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Dampak Penurunan Tarif Impor, Investasi dan Relokasi Industri Ban Terhadap Perdagangan Karet Alam dan Ban Indonesia di Pasar Dunia Zainuddin .; Bonar Marulitua Sinaga; Sri Hartoyo; Erwidodo
Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan Vol 13 No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia

Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis dampak penurunan tarif impor karet alam dan ban, peningkatan investasi dan relokasi industri ban dari USA, Jepang, Republik Rakyat Tiongkok (RRT) ke Indonesia terhadap perdagangan karet alam dan ban Indonesia. Kajian ini menggunakan model sistem persamaan simultan. Deregulasi perdagangan melalui penurunan tarif impor ban telah meningkatkan ekspor karet alam Indonesia ke pasar Jepang dan RRT yang mendorong peningkatan produksi dan ekspor ban Indonesia. Kebijakan tersebut telah memberikan dampak tidak menguntungkan bagi ekspor karet alam Thailand dan Malaysia. Kombinasi antara penurunan tarif impor ban dengan tarif impor karet alam RRT memberikan dampak tidak menguntungkan terhadap produksi dan ekspor karet alam Indonesia ke pasar RRT dan tidak berdampak signifikan terhadap harga karet alam tingkat petani domestik. Selanjutnya peningkatan investasi dan relokasi industri ban dari USA, Jepang, RRT ke domestik memberikan dampak terhadap peningkatan produksi dan ekspor ban Indonesia, konsumsi karet alam domestik, peningkatan produksi dan harga karet alam di tingkat petani domestik. Perubahan positif neraca perdagangan juga terjadi ketika semakin besarnya peningkatan investasi dan relokasi industri ban ke domestik. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan agar pemerintah dan asosiasi industri melakukan industrial lobbying ke negara-negara besar pelaku industri ban dunia khususnya Asia Timur dan USA dalam kerangka kerja sama PTA atau FTA. Kata Kunci: Karet Alam, Ban, Perdagangan, Sistem Persamaan Simultan Abstract This study aims to analyze the impact of the reduction in import tariff on natural rubber and tires, increase investment and relocate of tire industry from the USA, Japan, China to Indonesia to trade in natural rubber and Indonesian tires. The analysis of the Indonesian natural rubber and tires trade used simultaneous equation system models. Trade deregulation through a reduction in tire import tariff had increased Indonesia's natural rubber exports to Japanese and Chinese markets, which has encouraged to increase Indonesian tire production. However, this policy had unfavorable impact on Thailand and Malaysia's natural rubber exports. The combination of the reduction in tire import tariff and the tariff for importing Chinese natural rubber had an unfavorable impact on the production and export of Indonesian natural rubber to the Chinese market and had a weak impact on the natural rubber prices of domestic farmers.Furthermore, increased investment and relocation of the tire industry from the USA, Japan, China to Indonesia had increased Indonesian tire production and exports, domestic consumption of natural rubber, production and prices of natural rubber at the level of domestic farmers. A positive change in the trade balance also occurred when the increasing investment and relocation of the tire industry to the domestic market grew. This study recommended the government and industrial association to conduct industrial lobbying to big tire-industry players particularly in East Asia and USA under PTA and FTA Framework. Keywords: Natural Rubber, Tire, Trade and Simultaneous Equations System JEL Classification: F13, F17, Q17

HIILIRISASI DAYA SAING DAN POTENSI PENGEMBANGAN PASAR PRODUK KARET INDONESIA DI NEGARA ASEAN5 Zainuddin Zainuddin
Jurnal MeA (Media Agribisnis) Vol 5, No 2 (2020): Oktober
Publisher : Universitas Batangahari Jambi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33087/mea.v5i2.81

The increase in exports of Indonesian rubber products is the key to the success of the rubber product downstream policy to gain added value and foreign exchange. The export market for rubber products in ASEAN5 is competing with similar products from East Asia. As an exporter, Indonesia must focus on strengthening competitiveness and exploiting the potential market in ASEAN5.The purpose of this article is to describe the competitiveness and development potential of the Indonesian rubber product market in ASEAN5 countries (Singapore, Malaysia, Thailand, Vietnam, the Philippines). The analysis that describes the competitiveness of Indonesian rubber products uses the RCA method and market share. Analysis of the position and potential for market development of Indonesian rubber products using the Export Product Dynamic method. The competitiveness of Indonesian rubber products in ASEAN5 markets is quite varied. Indonesian rubber products have a relatively strong competitiveness value in the Singapore market, but weak in other ASEAN5 markets such as Malaysia, Thailand, the Philippines and Vietnam. Indonesian rubber products compete fiercely with similar industries in importing countries and major competitors from East Asia (China, Japan, South Korea). The clusterization shows that Indonesian rubber products have a potential market in Thailand, although their competitiveness is relatively weak but in a rising star market position. The market potential in Singapore and the Philippines is less potential, but has relatively strong competitiveness in Singapore and a falling star market position in the Philippines. Indonesian rubber products have no potential in Malaysia and Vietnam.

Import demand potential for Indonesian rubber products in ASEAN countries Zainuddin Zainuddin
Jurnal Perspektif Pembiayaan dan Pembangunan Daerah Vol. 10 No. 2 (2022): Jurnal Perspektif Pembiayaan dan Pembangunan Daerah
Publisher : Program Magister Ilmu Ekonomi Pascasarjana Universitas Jambi

Increasing imports of rubber products from Indonesia is the key to the success of the downstream policy of rubber products to gain added value and job opportunities in the country. The rubber product market in ASEAN is more dynamic, and Indonesia must focus on strengthening competitiveness and exploiting potential markets. This paper aims to describe the potential demand for imports of Indonesian rubber products in ASEAN countries, especially Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand, the Philippines, and Vietnam. The flow of imports of rubber products uses the stochastic frontier panel data model to determine the potential demand for imports of Indonesian rubber products. Indonesian rubber products compete fiercely with similar industries in importing and exporting countries from East Asia. Indonesia mostly exports rubber products with HS codes 4015 and 4016 in the form of gloves, mittens, and mitts, rubber cellular, floor coverings and mats, erasers, gaskets and rings, boats, and fender docks to all markets in ASEAN countries. They were followed by rubber products with HS code 4010 in the form of conveyor belts or transmission belts from vulcanized rubber. The potential for import demand for other types of Indonesian rubber products (code HS4014, 4009, 4008) in ASEAN countries is relatively small and is growing slowly. Overall, the potential demand for imports of Indonesian rubber products tends to decline in ASEAN countries, as well as the actual imports of rubber products from Indonesia compared to their potential, which also declines slowly.

Dampak Peremajaan (Replanting) Kelapa Sawit Terhadap Kondisi Ekonomi Petani Plasma Di Desa Bukit Jaya Kecamatan Sungai Lilin Kabupaten Musi Banyuasin Mulyani Mulyani; Zainuddin Zainuddin; Bayu Setiawan
Jurnal MeA (Media Agribisnis) Vol 8, No 1 (2023): April
Publisher : Universitas Batangahari Jambi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33087/mea.v8i1.149

This study aims to describe the stages of implementing oil palm rejuvenation by plasma farmers and analyze the economic impact on plasma farmers during the replanting period in Bukit Jaya Village, Sungai Lilin District, Musi Banyuasin Regency. As for this study, data analysis using the Wilcoxon Match Pairs Test data, according to Sugiyono (2017), this technique is a refinement of the sign test, if in the sign test the magnitude of the difference in the number values between positive and negative is not taken into account, whereas in the Wilcoxon test this counts. As in the sign test, this technique is used to test the comparative hypotension significance of two correlated samples when the data are ordinal. The results showed that the Wilcoxon signed ranks test obtained an asymp.sig (2-tailed) value of 0.000. Because the value of 0.000 is less than 0.05, H0 is rejected and Ha is accepted, which means that there is an average difference between pest-test and post-test income. So that it can be said that there was a decrease in the income of plasma farmers in Bukit Jaya Village, Sungai LiLin District, Musi Banyuasin Regency before and during the rejuvenation period

Import Demand of Palm Oil From Indonesia in The Indian Market bin Abdullah, Zainuddin
Jurnal Manajemen dan Agribisnis Vol. 21 No. 1 (2024): JMA Vol. 21 No. 1, March 2024
Publisher : School of Business, Bogor Agricultural University (SB-IPB)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17358/jma.21.1.160

Palm oil has occupied an important position in the world trade of edible oils. India is still very dependent on palm oil imports, including other vegetable oils, to meet the needs of cooking oil and palm-based food industries. This study uses an ARDL approach to examine several factors that affect the demand for palm oil imports (CPO and RPO) from Indonesia in the Indian market. In the long run, CPO imports in the Indian market are significantly affected by CPO prices, sunflower oil prices, soybean oil prices, import tariffs, real exchange rates, real income per capita, soybean oil production in India, and India's population. Indonesian RPO imports in the Indian market are also significantly influenced by import price, soybean oil price, import tariff, and total vegetable oil production in India. Indonesia should be able to capitalize on the Indian market as its demand for vegetable oil is increasing. The increasing size of the Indian market (although more protective) is a challenge for Indonesia to meet the demand for vegetable oil in the Indian market. Indonesia's industrial and trade policy should shift the structure of India's import demand from CPO to palm oil-based downstream semi-finished and final products. Keywords: import demand, crude palm oil, refined palm oil, Indonesia, Indian market

Analisis Daya Saing Ekspor Kakao Indonesia Ke Negara Mitra Perdagangan Utama Periode 2012 - 2021 Fadillah, Fadillah; Wulandari, Siti Abir; Zainuddin, Zainuddin
Jurnal MeA (Media Agribisnis) Vol 9, No 2 (2024): Oktober
Publisher : Universitas Batangahari Jambi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33087/mea.v9i2.260

The purpose of this study was to determine the export development of Indonesian cocoa beans and cocoa powder on the international market in 2012-2021 and to analyze the development of export competitiveness of cocoa beans and cocoa powder. Indonesia in the international market in 2012-2021. In this research, the export destination of cocoa beans is to Malaysia, while the export destination of cocoa powder is to India, China, the Philippines and Malaysia. The analysis used in conducting this research is using Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA), Export Competitive Index (ECI) and Trade Specialization Index (ISP). Based on research results. The average value of RCA, ECI and ISP exports to Malaysia in the 2012-2021 period is 2.79; 0.90 ; 0.48 > 0, which means that Indonesia has a comparative advantage, is competitive and is positioned as an exporter of cocoa beans to Malaysia. the research results for cocoa powder have an average RCA, ECI and ISP value of 14.38 respectively; 1.05 ; 0.99 to China, 18.09 ; 1.13 ; 1.00 to India , 11.22 ; 1.11 ; -0.27 to Malaysia, 5.72 ; 1.01 ; 1.00 to the Philippines which means that within the four countries Indonesia has a comparative, competitive advantage and is able to act as a cocoa powder exporting country, except for Malaysia where the ISP score of Indonesia is negative.

Rice Paddy Farming Performance, Rice Prices, and Food Inflation in Jambi Province bin Abdullah, Zainuddin
Jurnal Dinamika Sosial Ekonomi Vol. 25 No. 2 (2024): Jurnal Dinamika Sosial Ekonomi
Publisher : Agribusiness Department, Faculty of Agriculture, UPN "Veteran" Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31315/jdse.v25i2.13512

Jambi Province's ability to produce rice has declined in the last 5 years (2018 to 2022). Changes in the ratio of rice prices to other commodities are likely to be the cause of land use for rice crops decreasing, especially tidal and rainfed land areas. The stagnation of irrigated rice fields, the quality of rice seeds, the allocation of subsidized fertilizers below the needs, is likely to be a factor in the low productivity of paddy rice yields in the 2018 to 2022 period. Jambi Province experienced an average deficit of 5596 tons per month in the 2018 to 2020 period, and 9537 tons per month in the 2021 to 2022 period. Rice prices at the rural consumer level in Jambi Province are relatively more stable with a slow increase. This is likely related to the less volatile interprovincial rice price transmission driven by the smooth distribution of rice and the impact of the government's market stabilization program. City food inflation in 2018 and 2019 was more stable within a low range. However, it became more volatile from 2020 to 2022. The increase in city food inflation generally occurs from the middle to the end of the year. Rice has the highest weight in the food price index used in calculating food inflation. The growing rice deficit in Jambi Province creates vulnerability in controlling food inflation, especially in urban areas. Higher food inflation is feared to threaten household purchasing power and food security

Nilai Tambah dan Profitabilitas Usaha Kerupuk Berbasis Udang pada Agroindustri Kayu Api Surya di Kecamatan Mendahara Kabupaten Tanjung Jabung Timur Apriani, Kharisma; Zainuddin, Zainuddin; Kemala, Nida
Jurnal MeA (Media Agribisnis) Vol 10, No 2 (2025): Oktober
Publisher : Universitas Batangahari Jambi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33087/mea.v10i2.353

The Mendahara subdistrict in Tanjung Jabung Timur Regency has abundant fishery resources, especially shrimp caught by fishermen. For small businesses and home industries in the area, shrimp are processed into various food products to increase added value, as a profitable business, and to create local products. The purpose of this study was to describe the shrimp cracker business, analyze added value, and determine profit levels. The sampling method used was purposive sampling at one small industry that processes shrimp into crackers, namely Usaha Agroindustri Kayu Api Surya in Mendahara Ilir Subdistrict. The results of the study show that the average sales of Kayu Api Surya cracker business are Rp. 3,424,520 per production process with total variable costs of Rp 3,301,135 per production process, and total fixed costs of Rp.18,580 per production process, with an average of only 18 production processes per month. The added value is Rp. 8,495 per kilogram after deducting raw material costs of Rp. 20,000 per kilogram and other input costs of Rp.22,035 per kilogram. This shrimp chip business reaches a break-even point of 11.72 kilograms per production process and Rp. 515,785 per production process. The Marginal Income Ratio (MIR) of this business is 3.60 percent and the Margin of Safety (MOS) is 84.94 percent, with a profit margin of 3.06 percent. Profitability is too low, so it is recommended to improve variable cost efficiency, such as reducing shrimp waste from the production process, increasing labor productivity, and improving the efficiency of other materials such as vegetable oil and gas

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